Deciphering social media’s role in tourism during crises: a scientific examination

References

• Aguado-Correa, F., Rabadán-Martín, I., & Padilla-Garrido, N. (2022). COVID-19 and the accommodation sector: First measures, and online communications strategies. A multiple case study in a Spanish province. Investigaciones Turísticas, 24(24), 172–197. https://doi.org/10.14198/INTURI2022.24.9
   Google Scholar
• Arlikatti, S., Taibah, H. A., Maghelal, P., Andrew, S. A., & Alkhurayyif, S. A. (2022). Hajj Pilgrims’ perceptions of trust and internet use for (emergency) information. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 10(1), 21–34.
   Google Scholar
• Avraham, E. (2021). Recovery strategies and marketing campaigns for global destinations in response to the COVID-19 tourism crisis. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 26(11), 1255–1269. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2021.1918192
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Avraham, E., & Ketter, E. (2017). Destination image repair while combatting crises: Tourism marketing in Africa. Tourism Geographies, 19(5), 780–800. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2017.1357140
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azer, J., Blasco-arcas, L., & Harrigan, P. (2021). #COVID-19: Forms and drivers of social media users’ engagement behavior toward a global crisis. Journal of Business Research, 135, 99–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.06.030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baksi, A. K., Parida, B. B., & Mahapatra, S. S. (2022). Application of social media analytics in assessing decision insights of tourists under disruption. NMIMS Management Review, 30(02), 58–81. https://doi.org/10.53908/NMMR.300204
   Google Scholar
• Balińska, A., & Jaska, E. (2022). The utility of media-delivered information for generation Z travelers from Poland in the COVID-19 pandemic. Ekonomia i Prawo, 21(1), 25–44. https://doi.org/10.12775/EiP.2022.002
   Google Scholar
• Barbe, D., & Pennington-Gray, L. (2018). Using situational crisis communication theory to understand Orlando hotels’ twitter response to three crises in the summer of 2016. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 1(3), 258–275. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-02-2018-0009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbe, D., Pennington-Gray, L., & Schroeder, A. (2018). Destinations’ response to terrorism on twitter. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 4(4), 495–512. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-04-2018-0027
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bardin, L. (1977). Análise de conteúdo. Lisboa Edições, 70, 225.
   Google Scholar
• Becken, S., Friedl, H., Stantic, B., Connolly, R. M., & Chen, J. (2021). Climate crisis and flying: Social media analysis traces the rise of “flightshame”. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(9), 1450–1469. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1851699
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boote, D. N., & Beile, P. (2005). Scholars before researchers: On the centrality of the dissertation literature review in research preparation. Educational Researcher, 34(6), 3–15. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X034006003
   Google Scholar
• Carvache-Franco, O., Carvache-Franco, M., & Carvache-Franco, W. (2022). Coastal and marine topics and destinations during the COVID-19 pandemic in twitter’s tourism hashtags. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 22(1), 32–41. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358421993882
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carvache-Franco, O., Víquez-Paniagua, A. G., Carvache-Franco, M., Pérez-Orozco, A., & Carvache-Franco, W. (2022). Risk perception and crisis communication during the COVID-19 pandemic: Analysis based on twitter hashtags. Tec Empresarial, 16(3), 72–91. https://doi.org/10.18845/te.v16i3.6372
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, H., Huang, X., & Li, Z. (2022). A content analysis of Chinese news coverage on COVID-19 and tourism. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(2), 198–205. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2020.1763269
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, Y., Zhang, Z., & Wang, T. (2022). Dire straits: How tourists on the diamond princess cruise endured the COVID-19 crisis. Tourism Management, 91, 104503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2022.104503
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coombs, W. T. (1999). Ongoing crisis communication: Planning, managing, and responding. Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Coombs, W. T. (2015). The value of communication during a crisis: Insights from strategic communication research. Business Horizons, 58(2), 141–148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2014.10.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denyer, D., & Tranfield, D. (2009). In Producing a systematic review. The SAGE handbook of organizational research methods. Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Dimitriou, L., & Antoniou, C. (2017). Monitoring social network formation and information content analysis of transport anomalies: The case of airline crashes. Journal of Air Transport Management, 65, 127–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2017.09.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duan, J., Xie, C., & Morrison, A. M. (2022). Tourism Crises and Impacts on Destinations: A Systematic Review of the Tourism and Hospitality Literature. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 46(4), 667–695. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348021994194
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erragcha, N., & Babay, H. (2022). Effects of media coverage and perceived risk during COVID-19: Moderated mediation model. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 11(6), 1824–1841. https://doi.org/10.46222/ajhtl.19770720.327
   Google Scholar
• Femenia-Serra, F., Gretzel, U., & Alzua-Sorzabal, A. (2022). Instagram travel influencers in #quarantine: Communicative practices and roles during COVID-19. Tourism Management, 89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2021.104454
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Filieri, R., Yen, D. A., & Yu, Q. (2021). #ILoveLondon: An exploration of the declaration of love towards a destination on Instagram. Tourism Management, 85, 104291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2021.104291
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fukui, M., & Ohe, Y. (2020). Assessing the role of social media in tourism recovery in tsunami-hit coastal areas in Tohoku, Japan. Tourism Economics, 26(5, SI), 776–791. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354816618825014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galvão, M. C. B., & Ricarte, I. L. M. (2019). Revisão Sistemática Da Literatura: Conceituação, Produção E Publicação. Logeion: Filosofia Da Informação, 6(1), 57–73. https://doi.org/10.21728/logeion.2019v6n1.p57-73
   Google Scholar
• Gkritzali, A., Mavragani, E., & Gritzalis, D. (2020). Negative MWOM and value co-destruction during destination crises. Business Process Management Journal, 26(4), 839–856. https://doi.org/10.1108/BPMJ-07-2019-0278
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gomezelj, D. O.. (2016). A systematic review of research on innovation in hospitality and tourism. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 28(3), 516–558. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-10-2014-0510
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• González, I., Camarero, C., & San José Cabezudo, R. (2021). SOS to my followers! The role of marketing communications in reinforcing online travel community value during times of crisis. Tourism Management Perspectives, 39, 100843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2021.100843
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guedes, D. M. D., & De Gosling, M. S. (2023). Activity of Brazilian tourism agencies in social media: An analysis using natural language processing. Perspectivas em Ciência da Informação, 28. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-5344/25280
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, S. S., & Wang, X. (2023). COVID-19 two years on: A review of COVID-19-related empirical research in major tourism and hospitality journals. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 35(2), 743–764. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-03-2022-0393
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huertas, A., Oliveira, A., & Girotto, M. (2020). Gestión comunicativa de crisis de las oficinas nacionales de turismo de España e Italia ante la COVID-19. El Profesional de la Información, 29(4), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2020.jul.10
   Google Scholar
• Hvass, K. A. (2013). Tourism social media and crisis communication: An erupting trend. Tourism Social Science Series, 18, 177–191. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1571-5043(2013)0000018012
   Google Scholar
• Ingrassia, M., Bellia, C., Giurdanella, C., Columba, P., & Chironi, S. (2022). Digital influencers, food and tourism—A New model of open innovation for businesses in the Ho.Re.Ca. Sector. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(1), 50. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8010050
   Google Scholar
• Joseph, A. I., & Anandkumar, V. (2021). Destination brand communication during COVID-19 pandemic.
   Google Scholar
• Ketter, E. (2016). Destination image restoration on Facebook: The case study of Nepal’s gurkha earthquake. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 28, 66–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2016.02.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lenggogeni, S., Ashton, A. S., & Scott, N. (2022). Humour: Coping with travel bans during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 16(1), 222–237. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR-09-2020-0223
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, B., & Scott, O. (2020). Fake news travels fast: Exploring misinformation circulated around Wu Lei’s coronavirus case. International Journal of Sport Communication, 13(3), 505–513. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.2020-0056
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, S., Wang, Y., Filieri, R., & Zhu, Y. (2022). Eliciting positive emotion through strategic responses to COVID-19 crisis: Evidence from the tourism sector. Tourism Management, 90, 104485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2021.104485
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu-Lastres, B. (2022). Beyond simple messaging: A review of crisis communication research in hospitality and tourism. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 34(5), 1959–1983. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-11-2021-1404
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu-Lastres, B., Kim, H., & Ying, T. (2020). Learning from past crises: Evaluating hotels’ online crisis responses to health crises. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 20(3), 372–378. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358419857779
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, B., Pennington-Gray, L., Donohoe, H., & Omodior, O. (2015). New York city bed bug crisis as framed by tourists on tripadvisor. Tourism Analysis, 20(2), 243–250. https://doi.org/10.3727/108354215X14265319207597
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, B., Pennington-Gray, L., & Klemmer, L. (2015). Using social media in hotel crisis management: The case of bed bugs. Journal of Hospitality And Tourism Technology, 6(2), 102–112. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTT-08-2014-0036
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo, Q., & Zhai, X. (2017). “I will never go to Hong Kong again!” How the secondary crisis communication of “occupy central” on weibo shifted to a tourism boycott. Tourism Management, 62, 159–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.04.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mair, J., Ritchie, B., & Walters, G. (2016). Towards a research agenda for post-disaster and post-crisis recovery strategies for tourist destinations: A narrative review. Current Issues in Tourism, 19(1), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2014.932758
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mason, A., Flores, L., Liu, P., Tims, K., Spencer, E., & Gire, T. G. (2019). Disaster communication: An analysis of the digital communication strategies used by the medical tourism industry during the 2017 Caribbean hurricane season. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 2(3), 241–259. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-03-2018-0021
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G, & The PRISMA Group. (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. PLoS Medicine, 6(7), e1000097. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moller, C., Wang, J., & Nguyen, H. T. (2018). #Strongerthanwinston: Tourism and crisis communication through Facebook following tropical cyclones in Fiji. Tourism Management, 69, 272–284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.05.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mongeon, P., & Paul-Hus, A. (2016). The journal coverage of web of science and scopus: A comparative analysis scientometrics. Scientometrics, 106(1), 213–228. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-015-1765-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan, A., Wilk, V., Sibson, R., & Willson, G. (2021). Sport event and destination co-branding: Analysis of social media sentiment in an international, professional sport event crisis. Tourism Management Perspectives, 39, 100848. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2021.100848
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munteanu, A.-R., Rizea, R.-D., Ilie, A. G., & Sarbu, R. (2014). Investigating potential strategies for increasing tourism competiveness at the Black Sea shore. Amfiteatru Economic, 16(SpecialIss), 1253–1268.
   Google Scholar
• Muritala, B. A., Hernández-Lara, A.-B., Sánchez-Rebull, M.-V., & Perera-Lluna, A. (2022). #Coronaviruscruise: Impact and implications of the COVID-19 outbreaks on the perception of cruise tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 41, 100948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2022.100948
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nadeau, J., Wardley, L. J., & Rajabi, E. (2022). Tourism destination image resiliency during a pandemic as portrayed through emotions on twitter. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 22(1), 60–70. https://doi.org/10.1177/14673584211038317
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nilashi, M., Abumalloh, R. A., Minaei-Bidgoli, B., Abdu Zogaan, W., Alhargan, A., Mohd, S., Syed Azhar, S. N. F., Asadi, S., & Samad, S. (2022). Revealing travellers’ satisfaction during COVID-19 outbreak: Moderating role of service quality. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 64, 102783. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102783
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Obembe, D., Kolade, O., Obembe, F., Owoseni, A., & Mafimisebi, O. (2021). COVID-19 and the tourism industry: An early stage sentiment analysis of the impact of social media and stakeholder communication. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 1, 100040. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2021.100040
   Google Scholar
• Oliveira, A., & Huertas-Roig, A. (2019). How do destinations use twitter to recover their images after a terrorist attack? Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 12, 46–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2019.03.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pachucki, C., Grohs, R., & Scholl-Grissemann, U. (2022). Is nothing like before? COVID-19–evoked changes to tourism destination social media communication. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 23, 100692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2022.100692
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, D., Kim, W. G. W. G., & Choi, S. (2019). Application of social media analytics in tourism crisis communication. CURRENT ISSUES IN TOURISM, 22(15), 1810–1824. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2018.1504900
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pasquinelli, C., Trunfio, M., Bellini, N., & Rossi, S. (2022). Reimagining urban destinations: Adaptive and transformative city brand attributes and values in the pandemic crisis. Cities, 124, 103621. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2022.103621
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Penco, L., Profumo, G., Remondino, M., & Bruzzi, C. (2019). Critical events in the tourism industry: Factors affecting the future intention to take a cruise. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 31(9), 3547–3566. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-05-2018-0423
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pennington-Gray, L., & Schroeder, A. (2013). The social media capital of the universe: What does this mean for brazilian tourists to the us?. Tourism Culture & Communication, 13(1), 43–59. https://doi.org/10.3727/109830413X13769180530684
   Google Scholar
• Perakakis, E., Trihas, N., Venitourakis, M., Mastorakis, G., & Kopanakis, I. (2016). Social media as a marketing tool for Greek destinations. Tourismos, 11(3), 157–181.
   Google Scholar
• Priporas, C. V., Stylos, N., & Kamenidou, I. E. (2020). City image, city brand personality and generation Z residents’ life satisfaction under economic crisis: Predictors of city-related social media engagement. Journal of Business Research, 119, 453–463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.05.019
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiu, R. T. R., Liu, A., Stienmetz, J. L. & Yu, Y. (2021). Timing matters: Crisis severity and occupancy rate forecasts in social unrest periods. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 1–35.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rather, R. A. (2021). Demystifying the effects of perceived risk and fear on customer engagement, co-creation and revisit intention during COVID-19: A protection motivation theory approach. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 20, 100564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2021.100564
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roth-Cohen, O., & Lahav, T. (2022). Cruising to nowhere: COVID-19 crisis discourse in cruise tourism Facebook groups. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(9), 1509–1525. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.1940106
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schroeder, A., & Pennington-Gray, L. (2014). Perceptions of crime at the Olympic Games: What role does media, travel advisories, and social media play? Journal of Vacation Marketing, 20(3), 225–237. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766714521809
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schroeder, A., & Pennington-Gray, L. (2015). The role of social media in international tourist’s decision making. Journal of Travel Research, 54(5), 584–595. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287514528284
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schroeder, A., Pennington-gray, L., Donohoe, H., Kiousis, S., Schroeder, A., & Pennington-gray, L. (2013). Using social media in times of crisis. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 30(1-2), 126–143. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2013.751271
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schroeder, A., Pennington-Gray, L., Kim, H., & Liu-Lastres, B. (2018). Using the media’s tweets to broaden previous conceptualizations of political travel risks. Tourism Management Perspectives, 26, 107–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2018.03.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schweinsberg, S., Darcy, S., & Beirman, D. (2020). ‘Climate crisis’ and ‘bushfire disaster’: Implications for tourism from the involvement of social media in the 2019–2020 Australian bushfires. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 43, 294–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.03.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott, N., Laws, E., & Prideaux, B. (2008). Tourism crises and marketing recovery strategies. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 23(2), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1300/J073v23n02_01
   Google Scholar
• Sigala, M. (2011). Social media and crisis management in tourism: Applications and implications for research. Information Technology & Tourism, 13(4), 269–283. https://doi.org/10.3727/109830512X13364362859812
   Google Scholar
• Sigala, M. (2020). Tourism and COVID-19: Impacts and implications for advancing and resetting industry and research. Journal of Business Research, 117, 312–321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.06.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solazzo, G., Maruccia, Y., Ndou, V., & Del Vecchio, P. (2022). How to exploit Big social data in the COVID-19 pandemic: The case of the Italian tourism industry. Service Business, 16(3), 417–443. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11628-022-00487-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song, Y., Liu, K., Guo, L., Yang, Z., & Jin, M. (2022). Does hotel customer satisfaction change during the COVID-19? A perspective from online reviews. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 51, 132–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2022.02.027
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sönmez, S., Backman, K., & Allen, L. (1994). Managing tourism crises: A guidebook. Clemson University.
   Google Scholar
• Su, L., Stepchenkova, S., & Kirilenko, A. P. (2019). Online public response to a service failure incident: Implications for crisis communications. Tourism Management, 73, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.01.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tolkach, D. (2018). A view of occupy central impacts on Hong Kong tourism from the other side of the great firewall: A rejoinder to Luo & Zhai. Tourism Management, 67, 307–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.02.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tranfield, D., Denyer, D., & Smart, P. (2003). Towards a methodology for developing evidence-informed management knowledge by means of systematic review. British Journal of Management, 14(3), 207–222. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.00375
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Upadhyay, S., Chaskar, A., & Sigala, M. (2023). Breaking waves: A bibliometric odyssey on crisis communication in tourism and hospitality (1980–2022) and paving the path for future research. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 31(4), 941–953. https://doi.org/10.1111/jccm.v31.4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valentini, C. (2015). Is using social media “good” for the public relations profession? A critical reflection. Public Relations Review, 41(2), 170–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2014.11.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, C. R., Sirakaya-Turk, E., & Aydin, S. (2019). The impact of millennium floods on vacation decisions in a coastal tourism destination: The case of South Carolina, USA. Tourism Analysis, 24(2), 193–211. https://doi.org/10.3727/108354219X15525055915536
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whiting, A., & Williams, D. (2013). Why people use social media: A uses and gratifications approach. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 16(4), 362–369. https://doi.org/10.1108/QMR-06-2013-0041
   Google Scholar
• Willson, G., Wilk, V., Sibson, R., & Morgan, A. (2021). Twitter content analysis of the Australian bushfires disaster 2019-2020: Futures implications. Journal of Tourism Futures, 7(3), 350–355. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-10-2020-0183
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wut, T. M., Xu, J. B., & Wong, S. M. (2021). Crisis management research (1985–2020) in the hospitality and tourism industry: A review and research agenda. Tourism Management, 85, 104307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2021.104307
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie, C., Zhang, J., Huang, Q., Chen, Y., & Morrison, A. M. (2022). An analysis of user-generated crisis frames: Online public responses to a tourism crisis. Tourism Management Perspectives, 41, 100931. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2021.100931
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan, Y., Chen, J., & Wang, Z. (2020). Mining public sentiments and perspectives from geotagged social media data for appraising the post-earthquake recovery of tourism destinations. Applied Geography, 123, 102306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2020.102306
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, E., Kim, J., & Pennington-Gray, L. (2021). Social media information and peer-to-peer accommodation during an infectious disease outbreak. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 19, 100538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100538
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, F. X., & Wong, I. A. (2021). The social crisis aftermath: Tourist well-being during the COVID-19 outbreak. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29(6), 859–878. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1843047
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zenker, S., & Kock, F. (2020). The coronavirus pandemic - A critical discussion of a tourism research agenda. Tourism Management, 81, 104164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104164
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhai, X., & Luo, Q. (2018). The secondary crisis communication of occupy central on weibo: A response to Denis Tolkach. Tourism Management, 69, 38–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.05.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhai, X., Luo, Q., & Wang, L. (2020). Why tourists engage in online collective actions in times of crisis: Exploring the role of group relative deprivation. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 16, 100414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2020.100414
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhai, X., Zhong, D., & Luo, Q. (2019). Turn it around in crisis communication: An ABM approach. Annals of Tourism Research, 79, 102807. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2019.102807
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, X., Cheng, L., & Liu, L. (2022). Coronavirus-induced self-focused adaptation efforts in tourism: Asymmetric modelling approach. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(17), 2870–2886. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.1999909
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zollo, L., Rialti, R., Marrucci, A., & Ciappei, C. (2022). How do museums foster loyalty in tech-savvy visitors? The role of social media and digital experience. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(18), 2991–3008. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.1896487
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar