Cystatin C as a predictor of mortality in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease

References

• Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD Work Group. KDIGO 2012 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int Suppl. 2013;3:1–150.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stevens LA, Li S, Wang C, et al. Prevalence of CKD and comorbid illness in elderly patients in the United States: results from the Kidney Early Evaluation Program (KEEP). Am J Kidney Dis. 2010;2010:195–133.
   Google Scholar
• Glassock RJ, Warnock DG, Delanaye P. The global burden of chronic kidney disease: estimates, variability and pitfalls. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2017;13:104–114.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farrington K, Covic A, Aucella F, et al. Clinical practice guideline on management of older patients with chronic kidney disease stage 3b or higher (eGFR <45 mL/min/1.73 m2): a summary document from the European Renal Best Practice Group. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2017;32:9–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hojs R, Bevc S, Ekart R, et al. Kidney function estimating equations in patients with chronic kidney disease. Int J Clin Pract. 2011;65:458–464.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bevc S, Hojs N, Hojs R, et al. Estimation of glomerular filtration rate in elderly chronic kidney disease patients – comparison of three novel sophisticated equations and simple cystatin c equation. Ther Apher Dial. 2017;21:126–132.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chew JS, Saleem M, Florkowski CM, et al. Cystatin C—a paradigm of evidence based laboratory medicine. Clin Biochem Rev. 2008;29:47–62.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stevens LA, Schmid CH, Greene T, et al. Factors other than glomerular filtration rate affect serum cystatin C levels. Kidney Int. 2009;75:652–660.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Go AS, Chertow GM, Fan D, et al. Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:1296–1305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarnak MJ, Levey AS, Schoolwerth AC, et al. Kidney disease as a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease: a statement from the American Heart Association Councils on Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease, High Blood Pressure Research, Clinical Cardiology, and Epidemiology and Prevention. Circulation. 2003;108:2154–2169.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fried LF, Shlipak MG, Crump C, et al. Renal insufficiency as a predictor of cardiovascular outcome and mortality in elderly individuals. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41:1364–1372.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ix JH, Chertow GM, Shlipak MG, et al. Association of cystatin C with mortality, cardiovascular events, and incident heart failure among persons with coronary heart disease: data from the Heart and Soul Study. Circulation. 2007;115:2533–2539.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shlipak MG, Katz R, Sarnak MJ, et al. Cystatin C and prognosis for cardiovascular and kidney outcomes in elderly persons without chronic kidney disease. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145:237–246.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hojs Fabjan T, Penko M, Hojs R. Newer glomerular filtration rate estimating equations for the full age spectrum based on serum creatinine and cystatin C in predicting mortality in patients with ischemic stroke. Eur J Intern Med. 2018;52:67–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blaufox MD, Aurell M, Bubeck B, et al. Report of the Radionuclides in Nephrourology Committee on renal clearance. J Nucl Med. 1996;37:1883–1890.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mazzachi BC, Peake MJ, Ehrhardt V. Reference range and method comparison studies for enzymatic and Jaffe creatinine assays in plasma and serum and early morning urine. Clin Lab. 2000;46:53–55.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid CH, et al. A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate; CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150:604–612.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schaeffner ES, Ebert N, Delanaye P, et al. Two novel equations to estimate kidney function in persons aged 70 years or older. Ann Intern Med. 2012;157:471–481.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pottel H, Hoste L, Dubourg L, et al. An estimated glomerular filtration rate equation for the full age spectrum. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2016;31:798–806.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pottel H, Delanaye P, Schaeffner E, et al. Estimating glomerular filtration rate for the full age spectrum from serum creatinine and cystatin C. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2017;32:497–507.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shlipak MG, Mattes MD, Peralta CA. Update on cystatin C: incorporation into clinical practice. Am J Kidney Dis. 2013;62:595–603.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bevc S, Ekart R, Hojs R. Cystatin C – a marker of kidney function and predictor of cardiovascular disease and mortality. Acta Med Biotechn. 2014;7:9–15.
   Google Scholar
• Astor BC, Shaikh S, Chaudhry M. Associations of endogenous markers of kidney function with outcomes: more and less than glomerular filtration rate. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2013;22:331–335.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hojs Fabjan T, Penko M, Hojs R. Cystatin C, creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration, and long-term mortality in stroke patients. Ren Fail. 2014;36:81–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Astor BC, Levey AS, Stevens LA, et al. Method of glomerular filtration rate estimation affects prediction of mortality risk. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009;20:2214–2222.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tangri N, Inker LA, Tighiouart H, et al. Filtration markers may have prognostic value independent of glomerular filtration rate. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012;23:351–359.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar