References
- Action Against Hunger and IRIS. 2017. “Future Livelihoods in Karamoja: A Scenario Analysis Looking Forward to 2022.” East-Africa. http://www.iris-france.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Future-Livelihoods-in-Karamoja-A-Scenario-Analysis-through-2022-1.pdf.
- Atekyereza, P. 2020. “Birth Control Knowledge and Innovative Practices in Central Uganda.” In Local Realities: Contemporary Social Development Issues in Uganda, edited by William Muhumuza and Staffan Hojer, 213–238. Kampala, Uganda: Fountain Publishers.
- Belfield, T. 2009. “Principles of Contraceptive Care: Choice, Acceptability and Access.” Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology 23 (2):177–185. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2008.11.006
- Caravani, M. 2019. “De-Pastoralisation” in Uganda’s Northeast: From Livelihoods Diversification to Social Differentiation.” The Journal of Peasant Studies 46 (7):1323–1346. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/03066150.2018.1517118
- Chandra-Mouli, V., J. Svanemyr, A. Amin, H. Fogstad, L. Say, F. Girard, and M. Temmerman. 2015. “Twenty Years after International Conference on Population and Development: Where Are We with Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights?” The Journal of Adolescent Health 56 (1 Suppl):S1–S6. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.09.015
- Chekole, M. K., Z. H. Kahsay, A. A. Medhanyie, M. A. Gebreslassie, and A. M. Bezabh. 2019. “Husbands’ Involvement in Family Planning Use and Its Associated Factors in Pastoralist Communities of Afar, Ethiopia.” Reproductive Health 16 (1):1–7. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-019-0697-6
- Cleland, J., C.-A. Agustin, H. Peterson, J. Ross, and A. Tsui. 2012. “Contraception and Health.” The Lancet 380 (9837):149–156. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60609-6
- Cleland, J., S. Bernstein, A. Ezeh, A. Faundes, A. Glasier, and J. Innis. 2006. “Sexual and Reproductive Health 3 - Family Planning: The Unfinished Agenda.” The Lancet 368 (9549):1810–1827. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69480-4
- Coles, M. S., K. K. Makino, and N. L. Stanwood. 2011. “Contraceptive Experiences among Adolescents Who Experience Unintended Birth.” Contraception 84 (6):578–584. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2011.03.008
- Egeru, A., C. Okia, and J. De Leeuw. 2014. “Trees and Livelihoods in Karamoja, Uganda.” https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/57a089b9e5274a27b200021f/EoD_HDYr3_14_Dec2014_Trees_Livelihoods_Karamoja.pdf
- Filipová, Z., and N. Johanisova. 2017. “Changes in Pastoralist Commons Management and Their Implications in Karamoja (Uganda).” Journal of Political Ecology 24 (1):881. doi:https://doi.org/10.2458/v24i1.20972
- Gray, S. J. 2000. “A Memory of Loss: Ecological Politics, Local History and the Evolution of Karimojong Violence.” Human Organization 59 (4):401–418. doi:https://doi.org/10.17730/humo.59.4.jv233363240n8656
- Gribble, J., and J. Haffey. 2008. Reproductive Health in Sub-Saharan Africa. Washington, DC: International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology.
- Grover, S., N. Garg, R. Rupali, and B. Kaur. 2017. “Awareness about Reproductive Health, Contraceptive Methods, STDs Including HIV/AIDS, and HPV Vaccine, among Adolescent Girls in District Faridkot in Punjab.” International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 6 (5):2003–2009. doi:https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20171966
- Henok, A., and E. Takele. 2017. “Assessment of Barriers to Reproductive Health Service Utilization among Bench Maji Zone Pastoralist Communities.” Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences 27 (5):523–530. doi:https://doi.org/10.4314/ejhs.v27i5.11
- Hindin, J. M., and O. A. Fatusi. 2009. “Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in Developing Countries: An Overview of Trends and Interventions.” International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health 35 (2):58–62. doi:https://doi.org/10.1363/3505809
- Hussain, R., and G. Sedgh. 2014. “Reasons for Contraceptive Nonuse among Women Having Unmet Need for Contraception in Developing Countries.” Studies in Family Planning 45 (2):151–169. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4465.2014.00382.x
- Kabagenyi, A., A. Reid, J. Ntozi, and L. Atuyambe. 2016. “Socio-Cultural Inhibitors to Use of Modern Contraceptive Techniques in Rural Uganda: A Qualitative Study.” The Pan African Medical Journal 25:78. doi:https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2016.25.78.6613
- Kibira, S. P. S., C. Muhumuza, J. N. Bukenya, L. M. Atuyambe. 2015. “I Spent a Full Month Bleeding, I Thought I Was Going to Die…” A Qualitative Study of Experiences of Women Using Modern Contraception in Wakiso District, Uganda.” PLoS One 10 (11):e0141998. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141998
- Knighton, B. 2003. “The State as Raider Among the Karamojong: “Where There Are No Guns, They Use the Threat of Guns.” Africa 73 (3):427–455. doi:https://doi.org/10.3366/afr.2003.73.3.427
- Knighton, B. 2007. “Globalising Trends or Identities through Time? The Longue Durée in Karamojong Ethnography.” Journal of Eastern African Studies 1 (3):466–483. doi:https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/17531050701625433
- Krishnaswamy, S., C. De Bustos, E. Wabyona, S. Onyango, B. Nalubanga, and G. M. Onyango. 2017. “Food Security and Nutrition Assessment in Karamoja Sub-Region.” Kampala, Uganda. https://docs.wfp.org/api/documents/WFP-0000022487/download/?iframe
- Lamphear, J. 1988. “The People of the Grey Bull: The Origin and Expansion of the Turkana.” The Journal of African History 29 (1):27–39. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021853700035970
- Longwe-Ngwira, A. 2014. “Family Planning in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Missed Opportunity for Economic Growth and Poverty Alleviation.” Policy Fellows Working Paper Series. Washington, DC: Population Reference Bureau.
- Lundgren, R., S. Burgess, H. Chantelois, S. Oregede, B. Kerner, and A. E. Kågesten. 2019. “Processing Gender: Lived Experiences of Reproducing and Transforming Gender Norms over the Life Course of Young People in Northern Uganda.” Culture, Health & Sexuality 21 (4):387–403. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2018.1471160
- Morris, J. L., and H. Rushwan. 2015. “Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health: The Global Challenges.” International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 131:S40–S52. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.02.006
- Muhanguzi, F. K. 2015. “‘Sex is Sweet’: Women from Low-Income Contexts in Uganda talk about Sexual Desire and Pleasure.” Reproductive Health Matters 23 (46):62–70. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rhm.2015.11.012
- Muhereza, F. E. 2010. Drivers of Conflict in Karamoja: An Analysis of Factors Fueling the Countinuing Conflict. Kampala, Uganda: Oxfam GB.
- Ocan, E. C., and C. Ocan. 1994. “Pastoral Resources and Conflicts in North-Eastern Uganda: The Karimojong Case.” Nomadic Peoples 34 (35):123–135.
- Office of the Prime Minister-Uganda (OPM-Uganda). 2007. “The Karamoja Integrated Disarmament and Development Programme: ‘Creating Conditions for Promoting Human Security and Recovery in Karamoja, 2007/2008-2009/2010’.” Kampala. http://www.ugandaclusters.ug/dwnlds/0204Karamoja/KIDDP.pdf
- Olum, S., I. Okello-Uma, G. A. Tumuhimbise, D. Taylor, and D. Ongeng. 2017. “The Relationship between Cultural Norms and Food Security in the Karamoja Sub-Region of Uganda.” Journal of Food and Nutrition Research 5 (6):427–435. doi:https://doi.org/10.12691/jfnr-5-6-10
- Powell, J. 2010. “Karamoja: A Literature Review.” Kampala-Uganda. https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/121396/2010-03_KaramojaA literature review.pdf
- Sinai, I., E. Omoluabi, A. Jimoh, and K. Jurczynska. 2019. “Unmet Need for Family Planning and Barriers to Contraceptive Use in Kaduna, Nigeria: Culture, Myths and Perceptions.” Culture, Health & Sexuality 1–16. doi:https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2019.1672894
- Stites, E. D. Akabwai. 2010. “We Are Now Reduced to Women”: Impacts of Forced Disarmament in Karamoja, Uganda.” Nomadic Peoples 14 (2):24–43. doi:https://doi.org/10.3167/np.2010.140203
- Sulemana, A., A. Mumuni, and M. Delali Badasu. 2015. “Young People’s Experiences in Accessing Sexual and Reproductive Health Services in SubSaharan Africa: A Content Analysis.” Accra. http://data.gov.uk/data/search
- UBOS and ICF. 2017. “Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2016: Key Indicators Report.” Kampala-Uganda. https://health.go.ug/sites/default/files/DemographicandHealth Survey.pdf
- UBOS and ICF. 2018. “Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2016.” Kampala-Uganda. https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR333/FR333.pdf
- UBOS. 2017. “National Population and Housing Census 2014 - National Analytical Report.” Kampala. https://www.ubos.org/onlinefiles/uploads/ubos/2014CensusProfiles/National_Analytical_Report_nphc 2014.pdf
- United Nations. 2015. “Trends in Contraceptive Use Worldwide 2015”. Contraception. New York, USA. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2012.08.029
- World Health Organization (WHO). 2003. “Towards Adulthood: Exploring the Sexual and Reproductive Health of Adolescents in South Asia.” https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/42781/9241562501.pdf?sequence=1
- World Health Organization (WHO). 2018a. “Fact Sheet: Family Planning/Contraception.” https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/family-planning-contraception
- World Health Organization (WHO). 2018b. “Fact Sheets: Adolescent Pregnancies.” https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-pregnancy
- World Health Organization (WHO). 2018c. “Status of the Health-Related SDGs.” https://www.who.int/gho/publications/world_health_statistics/2018/EN_WHS2018_Part2.pdf
- World Health Organization (WHO). 2018d. “WHO Recommendations on Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights.” https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/275374/9789241514606-eng.pdf?ua=1