REFERENCES
- Bauman, Z. (1991) Modernity and Ambivalence, Cambridge: Polity Press.
- Baym, N.K. (1995) 'The emergence of community in computer mediated communication', in S.G. Jones (ed.) CyberSociety, London: Sage, pp. 138-163.
- Berger, J. and Bradac, D. (1982) Language and Social Knowledge: Uncertainty in interpersonal relations, London: Edward Arnold.
- Bourdieu, P. (1977) Outline of a Theory of Practice, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Certeau, M. (1988) The Practice of Everyday Life, Berkeley: University of California Press.
- Clifford, J. and Marcus, G.E. (1986) Writing Culture: The Poetics and Politics of Ethnography, Berkeley: University of California Press.
- Clifford, J. and Marcus, G.E. (1986) (eds) 'Contemporary problems of ethnography in the modern world system', in Writing Culture: The Poetics and Politics of Ethnography, Berkeley: University of California Press, pp. 31-52.
- Coyne, R. (1995) Designing Information Technology in the Postmodern Age, Massachusetts: MIT Press.
- Danet, B., Ruedenberg, L. and Rosenbaum-Tamari, Y. (1998) '"Hmmm . . . Where's that Smoke Coming From?" Writing, Play and Performance on Internet Relay Chat', in F. Sudweeks, M. McLaughlin and R. Sheizaf (eds) Network and Netplay: Virtual Groups on the Internet, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 162-178.
- Deleuze, G. (1988) A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia, London: Athlone Press.
- Dery, M. (1993) 'Flame wars: the discourse of cyberculture', The South Atlantic Quarterly, 92, pp. 105-132.
- Fish, S. (1980) Is there a text in this class? The authority of interpretive communities, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Giddens, A. (1991) Modernity and Self Identity, Oxford: Polity Press.
- Halfpenny, P. (1981) 'Teaching ethnographic data analysis', Sociology, 15: 564-9.
- Heim, M. (1992) 'The erotic ontology of Cyberspace' in M. Benedikt (ed.) Cyberspace: The First Steps, Boston, pp. 59-80.
- Hoggart, R. (1996) The Way We Live Now, London: Pimlico Press.
- Hymes, D. (1961) 'Linguistic aspects of cross-cultural personality study', in B. Kaplan (ed.) Studying Personality Cross-Culturally, New York: Harper and Row, pp. 38-56.
- Jay, M. (1983) Adorno, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- Kiesler, S. Siegel, J. and McGuire, T. (1984) 'Social psychological aspects of computer-mediated communication', American Psychologist, 39, No. 10, pp. 1123-1134.
- Kraut, R. (1998) 'Internet paradox: a social technology that reduces social involvement and psychological well being?', American Psychologist, September: 52, No. 3 pp. 1109-1120.
- Lash, S. (1999) Another Modernity: A Different Rationality, Oxford: Blackwell.
- Lefebvre, H. (1996) Writings on Cities, trans. E. Kofman and E. Lebas, Oxford: Blackwell.
- Levy, S. (1995) Hackers, Harmondsworth: Penguin.
- Lotfalian, M. (1996) 'A tale of an electronic community', in G. Marcus (ed.) Connected, Chicago: Chicago University Press, pp. 66-79.
- McBeath, G. and Webb, S.A. (1997) 'Cities, subjectivity and Cyberspace', in S. Westwood and J. Williams (eds) Imagining Cities, London: Routledge, pp. 249-260.
- McBeath, G. and Webb, S.A. (1999) 'Avatar ethics: does the distinction between human and machine morally matter?', paper presented to 'Creativity and Consumption' conference, University of Luton, 15 March.
- McBeath, G. and Webb, S.A. (2000) On the nature of future worlds? -- considerations of virtuality and Utopia', Information, Communication & Society, 3: 1-16.
- Mitchell, W. (1992) The Reconfigured Eye: Visual Truth in the Post-Photographic Era, Mass.: MIT Press.
- Reid-Steere, E. (1996a) 'Text-based virtual realities: identity and the cyborg body' in P. Ludlow (ed.) High Noon on the Electronic Frontier: Conceptual Issues in Cyberspace, MIT Press, pp. 30-42.
- Reid-Steere, E. (1996b) 'Informed consent in the study of online communities: a reflection on the effects of computer-mediated social research', The Information Society, 12: 169-74.
- Reid-Steere, E. (1998) 'Power and the Evolution of Social Control in Cyberspace', in P. Kollock and M. Smith (eds) Communities in Cyberspace, London: Routledge, pp. 107-133.
- Rorty, R. (1989) Contingency, bony and Solidarity, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Ross, A. (1991) 'Hacking away at the counterculture', in C. Penley and A. Ross (eds) Technoculture, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
- Sarles, H. (1977) 'After Metaphysics: Towards a grammar of interaction and discourse', Language and Society, 13: 125.
- Scheff, T. (1990) Microsociology: Discourse, Emotion and Social Structure, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- Smith, M. (1999) 'Invisible Crowds in Cyberspace: Mapping the Social Structure of the Usenet', in M.A. Smith and P. Kollock (eds) Communities in Cyberspace, London: Routledge, pp. 195-219.
- Spender, D. (1995) Nattering on the Net: Women, Power and Cyberspace, Victoria, Australia: Spinifex Press.
- Sproull, L. and Kiesler, S. (1992). Connections: New Ways of Working in the Networked Organization, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
- Sterling, B. (1992) Hacker Crackdown: Law and Disorder on the Electronic Frontier, New York: Bantam Books.
- Stone, A.R. (1995) The War of Desire and Technology at the Close of the Mechanical Age, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
- Turkic, S. (1995) Life on Screen, New York: Simon & Schuster.
- Webb, S.A. (1998) 'Visions of Excess: Cyberspace, digital technologies and new cultural polities', Information, Communication & Society, 1: 46-69).
- Wellman, B. and Guila, M. (1999) 'Virtual communities as communities: Net surfers don't ride alone', in M.A. Smith and P. Kollock (eds) Communities in Cyberspace, London: Routledge, pp. 167-194.
- Williams, R. (1966) Culture and Society: 1780-1950, New York: Harper and Row.
- Williams, R. (1981) Politics and Letters: Interviews with New Left Review, London: New Left Review Editions, Verso.
- Wyatt, S. (1999) 'They came, they surfed, they went back to the beach: why some people stop using the Internet', presentation at the 'Society for Social Studies of Science Conference', London, 10 August.
- Zizek, S. (1997) The Plague of Fantasies, London: Verso Press.
- Zizek, S. (1998) Tarrying with the Negative: Kant, Hegel and the Critique of Ideology, Durham: Duke University Press.