Social Isolation, Loneliness and Return Migration: Evidence from Older Irish Adults

References

• Barrett, A. (2005) ‘Irish migration: characteristics, causes and consequences’, in Zimmermann, K.F. (ed.) European Migration: What Do We Know? Oxford: Oxford University Press, 89–112.
   Google Scholar
• Barrett, A. and Mosca, I. (2012) Social Isolation and Return Migration: Evidence from Older Irish Adults. Bonn: IZA Discussion Paper No. 6331.
   Google Scholar
• Berkman L.F. and Syme, S.L. (1979) ‘Social networks, host resistance, and mortality: a nine-year follow-up study of Alameda County residents’, American Journal of Epidemiology, 109(2): 186–204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Böhning, W. (1987) Studies in International Migration. New York: St Martin's Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cerase, F.P. (1967) ‘A study of Italian migrants returning from the USA’, International Migration Review, 1(3): 67–74.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cerase, F.P. (1970) ‘Nostalgia or disenchantment: considerations on return migration’, in Tomasi, S.M. and Engel, M.H. (eds) The Italian Experience in the US. New York: Center for Migration Studies, 217–39.
   Google Scholar
• Cerase, F.P. (1974) ‘Expectations and reality: a case study of return migration from the United States to Southern Italy’, lnternational Migration Review, 8(2): 245–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christou, A. (2006) ‘American dreams and European nightmares: experiences and polemics of second-generation Greek-American returning migrants’, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 32(5): 831–45.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conroy, R.M., Golden, J., Jeffares, I., O'Neill, D. and McGee, H. (2010) ‘Boredom-proneness, loneliness, social engagement and depression and their association with cognitive function in older people: a population study’, Psychology, Health and Medicine, 15(4): 463–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Constable, N. (1999) ‘At home but not at home: Filipina narratives of ambivalent returns’, Cultural Anthropology, 14(2): 203–28.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glass, T.A., De Leon, D.F., Bassuk, S.S. and Berkman, L.F. (2006) ‘Social engagement and depressive symptoms in late life: longitudinal findings’, Journal of Aging and Health, 18(4): 604–28.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glytsos, N.P. (1988) ‘Remittances and temporary migration: a theoretical model and its testing with the Greek-German experience’, Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, 124(3): 524–49.
   Google Scholar
• Gmelch, G. (1986) ‘The readjustment of return migrants in Western Ireland’, in King, R. (ed.) Return Migration and Regional Economic Problems. London: Croom Helm, 152–70.
   Google Scholar
• Gmelch, G. (1987) ‘Return migration to rural Ireland’, in Buechler, H. (ed.) Migrants in Europe: The Role of Family, Labor and Politics. Westport: Greenwood Press, 265–82.
   Google Scholar
• Grenade, L. and Boldy, D. (2008) ‘Social isolation and loneliness among older people: issues and future challenges in community and residential settings’, Australian Health Review, 32(3): 468–78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hawkley, L.C., Thisted, R.A., Masi, C.M. and Cacioppo, J.T. (2010) ‘Loneliness predicts increased blood pressure: 5-year cross-lagged analyses in middle-aged and older adults’, Psychology and Aging, 25(1): 132–41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kenny, R.A., Whelan, B.J., Cronin, H., Kamiya, Y., Kearney, P., O'Regan, C. and Ziegel, M. (2010) The Design of the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing. http://www.tcd.ie/tilda/assets/pdf/DesignReport2010.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Leavey, G., Sembhi, S. and Livingston, G. (2004) ‘Older Irish migrants living in London: identity, loss and return’, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 30(4): 763–79.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Long, L. and Oxfeld, E. (2004) Coming Home: Refugees, Migrants and Those Who Stayed Behind. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
   Google Scholar
• McGrath, F. (1991) ‘The economic, social and cultural impacts of return migration to Achill Island’, in King, R. (ed.) Contemporary Irish Migration. Dublin: Geographical Society of Ireland, 55–69.
   Google Scholar
• NESC (1991) The Economic and Social Implications of Emigration. Dublin: National Economic and Research Council.
   Google Scholar
• Ní Laoire, C. (2007) ‘The “green, green grass of home”? Return migration to rural Ireland’, Journal of Rural Studies, 23(3): 332–44.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ní Laoire, C. (2008) ‘Complicating host–newcomer dualisms: Irish return migrants as home-comers or newcomers?’, Translocations: Migration and Social Change, 4(1): 35–50.
   Google Scholar
• O'Luanaigh, C. and Lawlor, B.A. (2008) ‘Loneliness and the health of older people’, International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 23(12): 1213–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez, C.J., Elkind, M.S., Clemow, L., Jin, Z., Di Tullio, M., Sacco, R.L., Homma, S. and Boden-Albala, B. (2011) ‘Association between social isolation and left ventricular mass’, American Journal of Medicine, 124(2): 164–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russell, D. (1996) ‘The UCLA loneliness scale (version 3): reliability, validity, and factor structure’, Journal of Personality Assessment, 66(1): 20–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan, L. (2008) ‘Becoming nurses: Irish women, migration and identity through the life course’, in Ryan, L. and Webster, W. (eds) Gendering Migration: Masculinity, Femininity and Ethnicity in Post-War Britain. Aldershot: Ashgate, 121–35.
   Google Scholar
• Savva, G. (2011) ‘Methodology’, in Barrett, A., Savva, G., Timonen, V. and Kenny, R.A. (eds) Fifty Plus in Ireland 2011: First Results from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), 293–303. http://www.tcd.ie/tilda/publications/reports/.
   Google Scholar
• Seeman, T., Miller-Martinez, D., Stein-Merkin, S., Lachman, M.E., Tun, P.A. and Karlamangla, A.S. (2010) ‘Histories of social engagement and adult cognition in middle and late life: the Midlife in the US study’, Journal of Gerontology, 66B(1): i141–52.
   Google Scholar
• Sexton, J. (1996) Report to OECD Continuous Reporting System on Migration (SOPEMI). Dublin: Economic and Social Research Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Sinclair, I., Parker, R., Leat, D. and Williams, J. (1990) The Kaleidoscope of Care: A Review of Research on Welfare Provision for Elderly People. London: HMSO.
   Google Scholar
• Sirven, N. and Debrand, T. (2008) ‘Social participation and healthy ageing: an international comparison using SHARE data’, Social Science and Medicine, 67(12): 2017–26.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skrbis, Z. (2007) ‘From migrants to pilgrim tourists: diasporic imagining and visits to Medjugorje’, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 33(2): 313–29.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sundström, G., Fransson, E., Malmberg, B. and Davey, A. (2009) ‘Loneliness among older Europeans’, European Journal of Ageing, 6(4): 267–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Timonen, V., Kamiya, Y. and Maty, S. (2011) ‘Social engagement of older people’, in Barrett, A., Savva, G., Timonen, V. and Kenny, R.A. (eds) Fifty Plus in Ireland 2011: First Results from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), 51–72. http://www.tcd.ie/tilda/publications/reports/.
   Google Scholar
• Wenger, C., Davies, R., Shahtahmasebi, S. and Scott, A. (1996) ‘Social isolation and loneliness in old age: review and model refinement’, Ageing and Society, 16(3): 333–58.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar