References
- Anderson, Bridget. 2010. “Migration, Immigration Controls and the Fashioning of Precarious Workers.” Work, Employment and Society 24 (2): 300–317. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017010362141
- Bhandari, Rajika, and Peggy Blumenthal. 2011. International Students and Global Mobility in Higher Education: National Trends and New Directions. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Bilecen, Basak, and Christof Van Mol. 2017. “Introduction: International Academic Mobility and Inequalities.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 43 (8): 1241–1255. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1300225
- Block, Laura. 2016. Policy Frames on Spousal Migration in Germany: Regulating Membership, Regulating the Family. Berlin: Springer Verlag.
- Boese, Martina, and Kate Macdonald. 2017. “Restricted Entitlement for Skilled Temporary Migrants: The Limits of Migrant Consent.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 43 (9): 1472–1489. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2016.1237869
- Börjesson, Mikael. 2017. “The Global Space of International Students in 2010.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 43 (8): 1256–1275. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1300228
- Brooks, Rachel, and Johanna Waters. 2013. Student Mobilities, Migration and the Internationalization of Higher Education. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Cameron, Jenny. 2010. “Focusing on the Focus Group.” In Qualitative Research Methods in Human Geography. 3rd ed., edited by Iain Hay, 152–172. Toronto: Oxford University Press.
- Chacko, Elizabeth. 2015. “Hybrid Sensibilities: Highly Skilled Asian Indians Negotiating Identity in Private, Semi-Private, and Public Spaces of Washington, DC.” Journal of Cultural Geography 32 (1): 115–128. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/08873631.2015.1004853
- Chacko, Elizabeth, and Marie Price. 2021. “(Un)settled Sojourners in Cities: The Scalar and Temporal Dimensions of Migrant Precarity.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 47 (20): 4597–4614. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2020.1731060.
- Chacko, Elizabeth, and Gloriana Sojo. 2016. “Spaces of Integration: International Students in a Global City.” In Race, Ethnicity and Place in a Changing America. Vol. 3., edited by J. W. Frazier, E. L. Tettey-Fio, and N. F. Henry, 335–343. Albany: SUNY Press. Chapter 22 in.
- Coe, Neil. 2013. “Geographies of Production III: Making Space for Labour.” Progress in Human Geography 37 (2): 271–284. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132512441318
- Collins, Francis L., Kong Chong Ho, Mayumi Ishikawa, and Ai-Hsuan Sandra Ma. 2017. “International Student Mobility and After-Study Lives: the Portability and Prospects of Overseas Education in Asia.” Population, Space and Place 23 (4), doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.2029.
- Collins, Francis L., Ravinder Sidhu, Nick Lewis, and Brenda S.A. Yeoh. 2014. “Mobility and Desire: International Students and Asian Regionalism in Aspirational Singapore.” Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education, 35(5): 661–676.
- Economic Intelligence Unit. 2012. Hotspots: Benchmarking Global City Competitiveness. London: The Economist.
- Ellerman, Antje. 2019. “Discrimination in Migration and Citizenship.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2018.1561053.
- Gilmartin, Mary, Pablo Rojas Coppari, and Dean Phelan. 2021. “Promising Precarity: The Lives of Dublin's International Students.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 47 (20): 4723–4740. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2020.1732617.
- Goldring, Luin, Carolina Berinstein, and Judith K. Bernhard. 2009. “Institutionalizing Precarious Migratory Status in Canada.” Citizenship Studies 13 (3): 239–265. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/13621020902850643
- Goldring, Luin, and Patricia Landolt. 2011. “Caught in the Work-Citizenship Matrix: The Lasting Effects of Precarious Legal Status on Work for Toronto Immigrants.” Globalizations 8 (3): 325–341. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2011.576850
- Hainmueller, Jens, and Daniel J. Hopkins. 2015. “The Hidden American Immigration Consensus: A Conjoint Analysis of Attitudes Towards Immigrants.” American Journal of Political Science 59 (3): 529–548. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12138
- Institute of International Education (IIE). 2019. “Open Doors 2019.” https://www.iie.org/Research-and-Insights/Open-Doors/Open-Doors-2019-Media-Information.
- Jöns, Heike, and Michael Hoyler. 2013. “Global Geographies of Higher Education: The Perspective of World University Rankings.” Geoforum: Journal of Physical, Human, and Regional Geosciences 46: 45–59. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2012.12.014
- Jordan, Lucy. 2017. “Introduction: Understanding Migrants’ Economic Precarity in Global Cities.” Urban Geography 38 (10): 1455–1458. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2017.1376406
- King, Russell, and Parvati Raghuram. 2013. “International Student Migration: Mapping the Field and New Research Agendas.” Population, Space and Place 19: 127–137. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.1746
- Koh, Aaron. 2003. “Global Flows of Foreign Talent: Identity Anxieties in Singapore’s Ethnoscape.” SOJOURN: Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia 18: 230–256. doi:https://doi.org/10.1355/SJ18-2C.
- Kwong, Kai-Sun, Chau Leung-Chuen, Francis T. Lui, and Larry D. Qiu. 2001. Industrial Development in Singapore, Taiwan and South Korea. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing Company.
- Lee, Sing-Kong. 2008. Toward a Better Future: Education and Training for Economic Development in Singapore Since 1965. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
- Lewchuck, Wayne, Michelynn Laflèche, Stephanie Procyk, Charlene Cook, Diane Dyson, Luin Goldring, and Karen Lior. 2015. The Precarity Penalty: the Impact of Employment Precarity on Individuals, Households and Communities – And What to do About it. Ottawa, Ontario: Canadian Electronic Library.
- Lorey, Isabell. 2015. State of Insecurity: Government of the Precarious. Brooklyn, NY: Verso.
- Lowell, B. Lindsay, and Johanna Avato. 2014. “The Wages of Skilled Temporary Migrants: Effects of Visa Pathways and Job Portability.” International Migration 52 (3): 85–98. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/imig.12133
- Maitra, Srabani. 2015. “The Making of the ‘Precarious’: Examining Indian Immigrant IT Workers in Canada and Their Transnational Networks with Body Shops in India.” Globalisation, Societies and Education 13 (2): 194–209. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14767724.2014.934070
- Martin, Fran. 2017. “Rethinking Network Capital: Hospitality Work and Parallel Trading Among Chinese Students in Melbourne.” Mobilities 12 (6): 890–907. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/17450101.2016.1268460
- Maury, Olivia. 2017. “Student-Migrant-Workers: Temporal Aspects of Precarious Work and Life in Finland.” Nordic Journal of Migration Research 7 (4): 224–232. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/njmr-2017-0023
- Ministry of Manpower. 2018. Work Passes and Permits. Ministry or Manpower, Singapore. Accessed October 2, 2018. http://www.mom.gov.sg/passes-and-permits.
- Ministry of Trade and Industry. 2002. Panel Recommends Global Schoolhouse Concept for Singapore to Capture Bigger Slice of US$2.2 Trillion World Education Market. Singapore: Ministry of Trade and Industry.
- Mydans, Seth. 2011. “Vote Forces Singapore’s Leader to Reconsider Style.” New York Times, Asia Pacific Edition, May 8.
- Ng, Pak Tee. 2011. “Singapore's Response to the Global War for Talent: Politics and Education.” International Journal of Educational Development 31 (3): 262–268. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2010.05.009
- Ng, Pak Tee. 2013. “The Global War for Talent: Responses and Challenges in the Singapore Higher Education System.” Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management 35 (3): 280–292. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/1360080X.2013.786859
- Nowicka, Magdalena. 2018. “Cultural Precarity: Migrants’ Positionalities in the Light of Current Anti-Immigrant Populism in Europe.” Journal of Intercultural Studies 39 (5): 527–542. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/07256868.2018.1508006
- OECD. 2009. Higher Education to 2030, Volume 2: Globalisation. Paris: OECD Publishing.
- OECD. 2017. Education at a Glance 2017: OECD Indicators. Paris: OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1787/eag-2017-en.
- Olds, Kris. 2007. “Global Assemblage: Singapore, Foreign Universities, and the Construction of a “Global Education Hub.” World Development 35 (6): 959–975. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2006.05.014
- Ortmann, Stephan. 2009. “Singapore: The Politics of Inventing National Identity.” Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs 28 (4): 23–46. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/186810340902800402
- QS World University Rankings. 2019. https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2019
- Robertson, Shanthi. 2013. Transnational Student-Migrants and the State. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Robertson, Shanthi. 2015. “Contractualization, Depoliticization and the Limits of Solidarity: Noncitizens in Contemporary Australia.” Citizenship Studies 19 (8): 936–950. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/13621025.2015.1110286
- Schierup, Carl-Ulrik, and Martin Bak Jorgensen. 2016. “An Introduction to the Special Issue. Politics of Precarity: Migrant Conditions, Struggles and Experiences.” Critical Sociology 42 (7-9): 947–958. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0896920516640065
- Seah, Kelvin, and Ivan Png. 2018. “Time for Singapore Universities to Admit More International Students.” TODAY, January 29. Accessed April 1, 2018. https://www.todayonline.com/daily-focus/education/time-singapore-universities-admit-more-international-students.
- Sidhu, Ravindar, K. C. Ho, and Brenda Yeoh. 2011. “Emerging Education Hubs: The Case of Singapore.” Higher Education 61 (1): 23–40. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-010-9323-9
- Singapore Parliamentary Report. 2005. February 28, Volume 79, col 762.
- Standing, Guy. 2014. The Precariat: The New Dangerous Class. 2nd ed. London: Bloomsbury Academic.
- Tan, Emilia. 2011. “Singapore: New ‘cap’ on Foreign Students.” University World News, August 21, Issue No: 185. http://www.universityworldnews.com/article.php?story=20110819174750326.
- Thomas, Susan. 2017. “The Precarious Path of Student Migrants: Education, Debt, and Transnational Migration Among Indian Youth.” Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 43 (11): 1873–1889. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2017.1286970
- UNESCO. 2019. “International Students – Migration Data Portal.” https://migrationdataportal.org/themes/international-students.
- Vosko, Leah. 2010. Managing the Margins: Gender, Citizenship, and the International Regulation of Precarious Employment. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Wang, Hao, Wei Li, and Yu Deng. 2017. “Precarity Among Highly Educated Migrants: College Graduates in Beijing, China.” Urban Geography 38 (10): 1497–1516. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2017.1314170
- Waters, Johanna. 2007. “Roundabout Routes and Sanctuary Schools’: The Role of Situated Educational Practices and Habitus in the Creation of Transnational Professionals.” Global Networks 7 (4): 477–497. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0374.2007.00180.x
- Wills, Jane, Kavita Datta, Yara Evans, Joanna Herbert, Jon May, and Cathy McIlwaine. 2010. Global Cities at Work: new Migrant Divisions of Labour. London: Pluto Press.
- Yang, Peidong. 2014. “A Phenomenology of Being “Very China”: An Ethnographic Report on the Self-Formation Experiences of Mainland Chinese Undergraduate “Foreign Talents” in Singapore.” Asian Journal of Social Science 42 (3-4): 233–261. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/15685314-04203003
- Yang, Peidong. 2016. International Mobility and Educational Desire: Chinese Foreign Talent Students in Singapore. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Yeoh, Brenda S., M. Foong, & Ho K. C. 2014. “International Students and the Politics of Language Among “Globalising Universities” in Asia.” Knowledge Cultures 2 (4): 64–89.
- Yeoh, Brenda S.A., Shirlena Huang, and Theodora Lam. 2005. “Transnationalizing the ‘Asian’ Family: Imaginaries, Intimacies and Strategic Intents.” Global Networks: A Journal of Transnational Affairs 5 (4): 307–315. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0374.2005.00121.x
- Yeoh, Brenda S.A., and Lin Weiqiang. 2013. “Chinese Migration to Singapore: Discourses and Discontents in a Globalizing Nation-State.” Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 22 (1): 31–53. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/011719681302200103
- Ziguras, Christopher, and Siew Fang Law. 2006. “Recruiting International Students as Skilled Immigrants: The Global ‘Skills Race’ as Viewed from Australia and Malaysia.” Globalisation, Societies, and Education 4: 59–76. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14767720600555087