Relationship between delivery modes and genitourinary syndrome among postmenopausal women

References

• Ramezani Tehrani F, Minooee S, Rostami M, Hashemi S, Azizi F. Determination and comparison of estimated menopausal age based on serum anti-mullerian hormone in women with and without polycystic ovarian syndrome. Iran J Endocrinol Metab 2014;16:283–9
   Google Scholar
• Greendale GA, Hogan P, Kritz-Silverstein D, Langer R, Johnson SR, Bush T. Age at menopause in women participating in the Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestins Interventions (PEPI) trial: an example of bias introduced by selection criteria. Menopause 1995;2:27–34
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rajaeefard A, Mohammad-Beigi A, Mohammad-Salehi N. Estimation of natural age of menopause in Iranian women: a meta-analysis study. Koomesh 2011;13:1–7
   Google Scholar
• Gorodeski GI. Update on cardiovascular disease in post-menopausal women. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2002;16:329–55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dubey RK, Oparil S, Imthurn B, Jackson EK. Sex hormones and hypertension. Cardiovasc Res 2002;53:688–708
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Osteoporosis Foundation. Clinician's Guide to Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis. http://nof.org/files/nof/public/content/resource/913/files/580.pdf. 2013. [last accessed 11 Oct 2013]
   Google Scholar
• Weber MA, Limpens J, Roovers JP. Assessment of vaginal atrophy: a review. Int Urogynecol J 2015;26:15–28
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Portman DJ, Gass ML. Vulvovaginal Atrophy Terminology Consensus Conference Panel. Genitourinary syndrome of menopause: new terminology for vulvovaginal atrophy from the International Society for the Study of Women’s Sexual Health and the North American Menopause Society. Climacteric 2014;17:557–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roy S, Caillouette JC, Roy T, Faden JS. Vaginal pH is similar to follicle-stimulating hormone for menopause diagnosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004;190:1272–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parish SJ, Nappi RE, Krychman ML, et al. Impact of vulvovaginal health on postmenopausal women: a review of surveys on symptoms of vulvovaginal atrophy. Int J Womens Health 2013;5:437–47
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gold EB, Sternfeld B, Kelsey JL, et al. Relation of demographic and lifestyle factors to symptoms in a multi-racial/ethnic population of women 40-55 years of age. Am J Epidemiol 2000;152:463–73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawrence A. Atrophic vaginitis. Integrative Medicine. 27 November 2010. USA. Available from: http://integrativemedicineusa.com/index.php/Menopause/atrophic-vaginitis.html
   Google Scholar
• Azami-Aghdash S, Ghojazadeh M, Dehdilani N, Mohammadi M, Asl Amin Abad R. Prevalence and causes of Cesarean section in Iran: systematic review and meta-analysis. Iran J Public Health 2014;43:545–55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maharlouei N, Moalaee M, Ajdari S, Zarei M, Lankarani KB. Caesarean delivery in south-western Iran: trends and determinants in a community-based survey. Med Princ Prac 2013;22:184–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldberg RP, Abramov Y, Botros S, et al. Delivery mode is a major environmental determinant of stress urinary incontinence: results of the Evanston-Northwestern Twin Sisters Study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2005;193:2149–53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van der Laak JA, Schijf CP, Kerstens MH, Heijnen-Wijnen TH, de Wilde PC, Hanselaar GJ. Development and validation of a computerized cytomorphometric method to assess the maturation of vaginal epithelial cells. Cytometry 1999;35:196–202
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Griffiths A, Watermeyer S, Sidhu K, Amso NN, Nix B. Female genital tract morbidity and sexual function following vaginal delivery or lower segment caesarean section. J Obstet Gynaecol 2006;26:645–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rahn DD, Carberry C, Sanses TV, et al. Vaginal estrogen for genitourinary syndrome of menopause: a systematic review. Obstet Gynecol 2014;124:1147–56
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen J, Song N, Williams CJ, et al. Effects of low dose estrogen therapy on the vaginal microbiomes of women with atrophic vaginitis. Sci Rep 2016;6:24380
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacBride MB, Rhodes DJ, Shuster LT. Vulvovaginal atrophy. Mayo Clin Proc 2010;85:87–94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nappi RE, Biglia N, Cagnacci A, Di Carlo C, Luisi S, Paoletti AM. Diagnosis and management of symptoms associated with vulvovaginal atrophy: expert opinion on behalf of the Italian VVA study group. Gynecol Endocrinol 2016;32:602–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mercier J, Morin M, Lemieux MC, Reichetzer B, Khalife S, Dumoulin C. Pelvic floor muscles training to reduce symptoms and signs of vulvovaginal atrophy: a case study. Menopause 2016;23:816–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Enkhbold T, Jadambaa Z, Kim TH. Management of menopausal symptoms in Mongolia. J Menopausal Med 2016;22:55–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fehniger JE, Brown JS, Creasman JM, et al. Childbirth and female sexual function later in life. Obstet Gynecol 2013;122:988–97
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yeniel AO, Petri E. Pregnancy, childbirth, and sexual function: perceptions and facts. Int Urogynecol J 2014;25:5–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gungor S, Baser I, Ceyhan S, Karasahin E, Acikel CH. Mode of delivery and subsequent long-term sexual function of primiparous women. Int J Impot Res 2007;19:358–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valadan M, Shariat M, Rezaei Z, Hagholahi F, Sheikholeslami G, Bandegi P. A comparative study on quality of life and sexual function after vaginal delivery and Cesarean section. Nurs Pract Today 2014;1:176–82
   Google Scholar
• De Souza A, Dwyer PL, Charity M, Thomas E, Ferreira CH, Schierlitz L. The effects of mode delivery on postpartum sexual function: a prospective study. Bjog 2015;122:1410–18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sayasneh A, Pandeva I. Postpartum sexual dysfunction: a literature review of risk factors and role of mode of delivery. Bjmp 2013;3:316
   Google Scholar
• Kim HK, Kang SY, Chung YJ, Kim JH, Kim MR. The recent review of the genitourinary syndrome of menopause. J Menopausal Med 2015;21:65–71
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Abdollahi AA, Qorbani M, Asayesh H, et al. The menopausal age and associated factors in Gorgan, Iran. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2013;27:50–6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ting AY, Blacklock AD, Smith PG. Estrogen regulates vaginal sensory and autonomic nerve density in the rat. Biol Reprod 2004;71:1397–404
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monica Brauer M, Smith PG. Estrogen and female reproductive tract innervation: cellular and molecular mechanisms of autonomic neuroplasticity. Auton Neurosci 2015;187:1–17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar