1,020
Views
128
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Opening up nanotechnology dialogue with the publics: Risk communication or ‘upstream engagement’?

&
Pages 191-210 | Published online: 20 Jun 2007

References

  • Aitken , R. J. , Creely , K. S. and Tran , C. L. 2004 . Nanoparticles: An Occupational Hygiene Review. HSE Research Report 274 , Norwich : Health and Safety Executive Books .
  • Armour , A. 1995 . “ The citizens' jury model of public participation: A critical evaluation ” . In Fairness and Competence in Citizen Participation: Evaluating Models for Environmental Discourse , Edited by: Renn , O. , Webler , T. and Wiedemann , P. 175 – 180 . Dordrecht : Kluwer .
  • Arnall , A. H. 2003 . Future Technologies, Today's Choices: Nanotechnology, Artificial Intelligence and Robotics – A Technical, Political and Institutional Map of Emerging Technologies , London : Greenpeace Environmental Trust .
  • Arnall , A. H. and Parr , D. 2005 . Moving the nanoscience and technology (NST) debate forwards: Short-term impacts, long-term uncertainty and the social constitution . Technology in Society , 27 : 23 – 38 .
  • Beierle , T. C. and Cayford , J. 2002 . Democracy in Practice: Public Participation in Environmental Decisions , Washington, DC : Resources for the Future .
  • Cassidy , A. and Maule , J. ‘All we have to do is make them partners … …’ Investigating stakeholder knowledge of food chain risks . The New Perspectives on Risk Communication Conference . 31 August to 2 September 2006 , Göteborg, Sweden.
  • Cobb , M. and Macoubrie , J. 2004 . Public perceptions about nanotechnology: Risks, benefits and trust . Journal of Nanoparticle Research , 6 ( 4 ) : 395 – 405 .
  • Cox , P. , Niewöhner , J. , Pidgeon , N. F. , Gerrard , S. , Fischhoff , B. and Riley , D. 2003 . The use of mental models in chemical risk protection: Developing a generic workplace methodology . Risk Analysis , 23 : 311 – 324 .
  • Crosby , N. 1995 . “ Citizens juries: One solution for difficult environmental problems ” . In Fairness and Competence in Citizen Participation: Evaluating Models for Environmental Discourse , Edited by: Renn , O. , Webler , T. and Wiedemann , P. 157 – 174 . Dordrecht : Kluwer .
  • Dunkerley , D. and Glasner , P. 1998 . Empowering the public? Citizens' juries and the new genetic technologies . Critical Public Health , 8 ( 3 ) : 181 – 192 .
  • Edmond , G. and Mercer , D. 1997 . Scientific literacy and the jury: Reconsidering jury ‘competence’ . Public Understanding of Science , 6 : 329 – 357 .
  • Einsiedel , E. and Goldenberg , L. 2004 . Dwarfing the social? Nanotechnology lessons from the biotechnology front . Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society , 24 ( 1 ) : 128 – 133 .
  • Elam , M. and Bertilsson , M. 2003 . Consuming, engaging and confronting science: The emerging dimensions of scientific citizenship . European Journal of Social Theory , 6 : 233 – 251 .
  • Fiorino , D. J. 1990 . Citizen participation and environmental risk: A survey of institutional mechanisms . Science, Technology and Human Values , 15 : 226 – 243 .
  • Fischhoff , B. 1995 . Risk perception and communication unplugged: Twenty years of process . Risk Analysis , 15 : 137 – 145 .
  • Friedman , S. and Egolf , B. P. 2005 . Nanotechnology: Risks and the media . IEEE Technology and Society Magazine , Winter : 5 – 11 .
  • Funtowicz , S. O. and Ravetz , J. R. 1992 . “ Three types of risk assessment and the emergence of post-normal science ” . In Social Theories of Risk , Edited by: Krimsky , S. and Golding , D. 251 – 274 . Westport, CT : Praeger .
  • Gaskell , G. , Ten Eyck , T. , Jackson , J. and Veltri , G. 2005 . Imagining nanotechnology: Cultural support for technological innovation in Europe and the United States . Public Understanding of Science , 14 : 81 – 90 .
  • Gregory , R. , Fischhoff , B. and McDaniels , T. 2005 . Acceptable input: Using decision analysis to guide public policy decisions . Decision Analysis , 2 : 4 – 16 .
  • Grove-White , R. , Macnaghten , P. , Mayer , S. and Wynne , B. 1997 . Uncertain World: Genetically Modified Organisms, Food and Public Attitudes in Britain , Lancaster : CSEC, Lancaster University .
  • Hagendijk, R., Healey, P., Horst, M. and Irwin, A. (2006) Science, Technology and Governance in Europe: Challenges of Public Engagement. Science technology and governance in Europe (STAGE) final report. Available at www.stage-research.net
  • Hagendijk , R. and Irwin , A. 2006 . Public deliberation and governance: Engaging with science and technology in contemporary Europe . Minerva , 44 : 167 – 184 .
  • Hagendijk, R. and Kallerud, E. (2003) Changing Practices of Governance in Science and Technology in Europe: A Framework for Analysis. Science technology and governance in Europe (STAGE) discussion paper no. 2. Available at www.stage-research.net
  • Hilgartner , S. 1992 . “ The social construction of risk objects ” . In Organizations, Uncertainties and Risks , Edited by: Short , J. and Clark , L. 39 – 53 . Boulder, CO : Westview .
  • HM Government . 2005 . Response to the Royal Society and Royal Academy of Engineering Report: Nanoscience and Nanotechnologies: Opportunities and Uncertainties , London : Department of Trade and Industry, HM Government .
  • House of Lords Select Committee on Science and Technology . 2000 . Science and Society 3rd Report, HL Paper 38 , London : HMSO .
  • Irwin , A. 2001 . Constructing the scientific citizen: Science and democracy in the biosciences . Public Understanding of Science , 10 : 1 – 18 .
  • Irwin , A. and Wynne , B. 1996 . Misunderstanding Science? The Public Reconstruction of Science and Technology , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Joss , S. 1998 . Danish consensus conferences as a model of participatory technology assessment: An impact study of consensus conferences on Danish Parliament and Danish public debate . Science and Public Policy , 25 : 2 – 22 .
  • Kasperson , J. X. and Kasperson , R. 2005 . The Social Contours of Risk, Volume 1: Publics, Risk Communication and the Social Amplification of Risk , London : Earthscan .
  • Kasperson , J. X. , Kasperson , R. , Pidgeon , N. F. and Slovic , P. 2003 . “ The social amplification of risk: Assessing fifteen years of research and theory ” . In The Social Amplification of Risk , Edited by: Pidgeon , N. F. , Kasperson , R. K. and Slovic , P. 13 – 46 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Kasperson , R. E. , Renn , O. , Slovic , P. , Brown , H. S. , Emel , J. , Goble , R. , Kasperson , J. X. and Ratick , S. 1988 . The social amplification of risk: A conceptual framework . Risk Analysis , 8 : 177 – 187 .
  • Kleinman , D. and Powell , M. 2005 . Report on the Madison Area Consensus Conference on Nanotechnology , Madison : Department of Rural Sociology, University of Wisconsin . Available at www.lafollette.wisc.edu/research/Nano/nanoreport42805.pdf
  • Leach M. Scoones I. Wynne B. Science and Citizens: Globalisation and the Challenge of Engagement London Zed Books 2005
  • Luhmann , N. 1993 . Risk: A Sociological Theory , New York : Aldine De Gruyter .
  • Macnaghten , P. , Kearnes , M. and Wynne , B. 2005 . Nanotechnology, governance and public deliberation: What role for the social sciences? . Science Communication , 27 : 268 – 291 .
  • Macoubrie , J. 2006 . Nanotechnology: Public concerns, reasoning and trust in government . Public Understanding of Science , 15 : 221 – 241 .
  • Mayer , S. 2002 . “ From genetic modification to nanotechnology: The dangers of ‘sound science’ ” . In Science: Can We Trust the Experts? , Edited by: Gilland , T. 1 – 15 . London : Hodder and Stoughton .
  • Mehta , M. D. 2004 . From biotechnology to nanotechnology: What can we learn from earlier technologies? . Bulletin of Science, Technology and Society , 24 ( 1 ) : 34 – 39 .
  • Miller P. Wilsdon J. Better Humans? The Politics of Human Life Enhancement and Life Extension London Demos 2006
  • Mnyusiwalla , A. , Daar , A. S. and Singer , P. S. 2003 . ‘Mind the gap’: Science and ethics in nanotechnology . Nanotechnology , 14 : R9 – R13 .
  • Morgan , K. 2005 . Development of a preliminary framework for informing the risk analysis and risk management of nanoparticles . Risk Analysis , 25 : 1621 – 1635 .
  • Morgan , G. , Fischhoff , B. , Bostrom , A. and Atman , C. 2002 . Risk Communication—A Mental Model Approach , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • MORI . 2005 . Science in Society: Findings of Qualitative and Quantitative Research , London : Department of Trade and Industry/Market and Opinion Research International Ltd. .
  • Nordmann , A. 2004 . Converging Technologies—Shaping the Future of European Society , Brussels : European Commission .
  • Okrent , D. 1998 . Risk perception and risk management: On knowledge, resource allocation and equity . Reliability Engineering and System Safety , 59 : 17 – 26 .
  • Okrent, D. and Pidgeon, N. F. (eds.) (1998) Risk assessment versus risk perception. Reliability Engineering and System Safety, 59, Part 1
  • OST/Wellcome . 2000 . Science and the Public: A Review of Science Communication and Public Attitudes to Science in Britain , London : Office for Science and Technology/Wellcome Trust .
  • PDSB . 2003 . GM Nation? The Findings of the Public Debate (report by the Public Debate Steering Board) , London : Department of Trade and Industry . Available at www.gmnation.org.uk
  • PEALS . 2003 . Teach-yourself Citizens Juries Guide , Newcastle : Policy, Ethics and Life Sciences Research Institute, University of Newcastle .
  • Petts , J. 2001 . Evaluating the effectiveness of deliberative processes: Waste management case-studies . Journal of Environmental Planning and Management , 44 ( 2 ) : 207 – 226 .
  • Petts , J. , Horlick-Jones , T. and Murdock , G. 2001 . Social Amplification of Risk: The Media and the Public, HSE research report no. 329 , Norwich : Health and Safety Executive Books .
  • Petts , J. and Leach , B. 2000 . Evaluating Methods for Public Participation: Literature Review , Bristol : Environment Agency .
  • Phillips of Worth Matravers , Lord Bridgeman , J. and Ferguson-Smith , M. 2000 . The BSE inquiry report , London : The Stationary Office .
  • Pidgeon , N. F. 1998 . Risk assessment, risk values and the social science programme: Why we do need risk perception research . Reliability Engineering and System Safety , 59 : 5 – 15 .
  • Pidgeon , N. F. and Gregory , R. 2004 . “ Judgment, decision making and public policy ” . In Blackwell Handbook of Judgment and Decision Making , Edited by: Koehler , D. and Harvey , N. 604 – 623 . Oxford : Blackwell .
  • Pidgeon , N. F. , Hood , C. , Jones , D. , Turner , B. and Gibson , R. 1992 . “ Risk perception ” . In Risk—Analysis, Perception and Management: Report of a Royal Society Study Group , Vol. Ch. 5 , 89 – 134 . London : The Royal Society .
  • Pidgeon , N. F. , Kasperson , R. E. and Slovic , P. 2003 . The Social Amplification of Risk , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Pidgeon , N. F. , Poortinga , W. , Rowe , G. , Horlick-Jones , T. , Walls , J. and O'Riordan , T. 2005 . Using surveys in public participation processes for risk decision-making: The case of the 2003 British GM nation? Public debate . Risk Analysis , 25 ( 2 ) : 467 – 480 .
  • Pidgeon , N. and Rogers-Hayden , T. 2005 . Public engagements on GM and nanotechnology . Science and Public Affairs , June 2005 : 14 – 15 .
  • Poortinga , W. and Pidgeon , N. F. 2003 . Public Perceptions of Risk, Science and Governance: Main Findings of a British Survey of Five Risk Cases , Norwich : Centre for Environmental Risk, University of East Anglia .
  • POST . 2001 . Open Channels: Public Dialogue in Science and Technology, report 153 , London : Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology .
  • Ravetz , J. 2006 . The No-nonsense Guide to Science , Oxford : New Internationalist .
  • Renn , O. 1992 . Risk communication: Towards a rational discourse with the public . Journal of Hazardous Materials , 29 : 465 – 519 .
  • Renn , O. 2003 . “ Social amplification of risk in participation: Two case studies ” . In The Social Amplification of Risk , Edited by: Pidgeon , N. F. , Kasperson , R. E. and Slovic , P. 374 – 401 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
  • Renn , O. , Burns , W. J. , Kasperson , J. X. , Kasperson , R. E. and Slovic , P. 1992 . The social amplification of risk: Theoretical foundations and empirical applications . Journal of Social Issues , 48 ( 4 ) : 137 – 160 .
  • Renn , O. and Roco , M. 2006 . Nanotechnology Risk Governance. International Risk Governance Council White Paper No. 2 , Geneva : IRGC .
  • Renn , O. , Webler , T. and Wiedemann , P. 1995 . Fairness and Competence in Citizen Participation: Evaluating Models for Environmental Discourse , Dordrecht : Kluwer .
  • Roco , M. and Bainbridge , W. 2003 . Societal Implications of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology , Dordrecht : Kluwer .
  • Rogers-Hayden , T. and Hindmarsh , R. 2002 . Modernity contextualises New Zealand's Royal Commission on genetic modification: A discourse analysis . Journal of New Zealand Studies , 1 ( 1 ) : 41 – 61 .
  • Rogers-Hayden , T. and Jones , M. 2007 . “ Public engagement in biotechnology governance: From Rationality to Reflexivity ” . In New Genetics, New Social Formations , Edited by: Glasner , P. and Atkinson , P. 49 – 68 . Routledge : London .
  • Rogers-Hayden , T. and Pidgeon , N. 2006 . Reflecting upon the UK's citizens' jury on nanotechnologies: NanoJury UK . Nanotechnology Law and Business , 2 ( 3 ) : 167 – 178 .
  • Rogers-Hayden , T. and Pidgeon , N. F. in press . Moving engagement “upstream”? Nanotechnologies and the Royal Society and Royal Academy of Engineering's inquiry . Public Understanding of Science ,
  • Rowe , G. and Frewer , L. J. 2000 . Public participation methods: An evaluative review of the literature . Science, Technology and Human Values , 25 : 3 – 29 .
  • Rowe , G. , Horlick-Jones , T. , Walls , J. and Pidgeon , N. F. 2005 . Difficulties in evaluating public engagement initiatives: Reflections on an evaluation of the UK GM nation? Public debate about transgenic crops . Public Understanding of Science , 14 : 331 – 352 .
  • RS/RAE . 2004 . Nanoscience and Nanotechnologies: Opportunities and Uncertainties , London : Royal Society and Royal Academy of Engineering .
  • Sims-Bainbridge , W. 2002 . Public attitudes towards nanotechnology . Journal of Nanoparticle Research , 4 : 561 – 570 .
  • Stern , P. C. and Fineberg , H. C. 1996 . Understanding Risk: Informing Decisions in a Democratic Society , Washington, DC : US National Research Council .
  • Stirling , A. 2005 . “ Opening up or closing down? Analysis, participation and power in the social appraisal of technology ” . In Science and Citizens: Globalisation and the Challenge of Engagement , Edited by: Leach , M. , Scoones , I. and Wynne , B. 218 – 231 . London : Zed Books .
  • Walls , J. , Rogers-Hayden , T. , Mohr , A. and O'Riordan , T. 2005 . Seeking citizens' views on GM crops: Experiences from the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand . Environment , September 2005 : 22 – 36 .
  • Wilsdon , J. and Willis , R. 2004 . See Through Science: Why Public Engagement Needs to Move Upstream , London : Demos .
  • Wilsdon , J. , Wynne , B. and Stilgoe , J. 2005 . The Public Value of Science: Or How to Ensure that Science Really Matters , London : Demos .
  • Wood , S. , Jones , R. and Geldart , A. 2003 . The Social and Economic Challenges of Nanotechnology , Swindon : Economic and Social Research Council .
  • Woodrow Wilson International Centre for Scholars . 2006 . A Nanotechnology Consumer Products Inventory , Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies . Accessed 21 April 2006, available at http://www.nanotechproject.org/index.php?id=44

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.