Does Methylphenidate Improve Inhibition and Other Cognitive Abilities in Adults with Childhood-Onset ADHD?

References

• American Psychiatric Association . 1994 . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders , 4th , Washington, DC : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Aron , A. A. , Dowson , J. H. , Sahakian , B. J. and Robbins , T. J. 2003 . Methylphenidate improves response inhibition in adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder . Biological Psychiatry , 54 : 1465 – 1468 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ballard , J. C. 2001 . Assessing attention: Comparison of response-inhibition and traditional continuous performance tests . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 23 ( 3 ) : 331 – 350 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Band , G. P. H. , Molen , M. W.Van der and Logan , G. D. 2003 . Horse-race model simulations of the stop-signal procedure . Acta Psychologica , 112 ( 2 ) : 105 – 142 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkley , R. A. 1997 . Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: Constructing a unifying theory of ADHD . Psychological Bulletin , 121 ( 1 ) : 65 – 94 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkley , R. A. , Fisher , M. , Smallish , L. and Fletcher , K. 2002 . The persistence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder into young adulthood as a function of reporting source and definition of disorder . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 111 ( 2 ) : 279 – 289 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barkley , R. A. , Grodzinsky , G. and DuPaul , G. J. 1992 . Frontal lobe functions in attention deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity: A review and research report . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 20 ( 2 ) : 163 – 188 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnett , R. , Maruff , P. , Vance , A. , Luk , E. S. , Costin , J. Wood , C. 2001 . Abnormal executive function in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: The effect of stimulant medication and age on spatial working memory . Psychological Medicine , 31 ( 6 ) : 1107 – 1115 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berman , T. , Douglas , V. I. and Barr , R. G. 1999 . Effects of methylphenidate on complex cognitive processing in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 108 ( 1 ) : 90 – 105 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biederman , J. , Mick , E. and Faraone , S. V. 2000 . Age-dependent decline of symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: impact of remission definition and symptom type . American Journal of Psychiatry , 157 ( 5 ) : 816 – 818 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boone , D. E. 1990 . Short forms of the WAIS-R with psychiatric inpatients: A comparison of techniques . Journal of Clinical Psychology , 46 ( 2 ) : 197 – 200 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brandeis , D. , Leeuwen , T. H.Van , Rubia , K. , Vitacco , D. , Steger , J. Pascual-Marqui , R. D. 1998 . Neuroelectric mapping reveals precursor of stop failures in children with attention deficits . Behavioural Brain Research , 94 ( 1 ) : 111 – 125 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cantwell , D. P. and Swanson , J. 1997 . Does methylphenidate influence cognitive performance?: Reply . Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , 36 : 1324 – 1325 . [CROSSREF]
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen , J. 1988 . Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences , 2nd , Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Conners , C. K. 1995 . Conners’ Continuous Performance Test computer program—User's manual , Ontario : Multi-Health Systems Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Corkum , P. V. and Siegel , L. S. 1993 . Is the continuous performance task a valuable research tool for use with children with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder? . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 34 ( 7 ) : 1217 – 1239 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douglas , V. I. 1988 . “ Cognitive deficits in children with attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity ” . In Attention deficit disorder: Criteria, cognition, intervention , Edited by: Bloomingdale , L. M. and Sergeant , J. 65 – 81 . New York : Pergamon Press .
   Google Scholar
• Douglas , V. I. 1999 . “ Cognitive control processes in attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder ” . In Handbook of disruptive behavior disorders , Edited by: Quay , H. C. 105 – 138 . New York : Plenum Press .
   Google Scholar
• DuPaul , G. J. , Power , T. , Anastopoulos , A. D. and Reid , R. 1998 . ADHD Rating Scale-IV: Checklists, norms, and clinical interpretation , New York : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Elwood , R. W. 1993 . Clinical discriminations and neuropsychological tests: An appeal to Bayes’ Theorem . The Clinical Neuropsychologist , 7 : 224 – 233 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epstein , J. N. , Conners , C. K. , Sitarenios , G. and Erhardt , D. 1998 . Continuous performance test results of adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder . The Clinical Neuropsychologist , 12 ( 2 ) : 155 – 168 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epstein , J. N. , Johnson , D. E. , Indira , M. V. and Conners , C. K. 2001 . Neuropsychological assessment of response inhibition in adults with ADHD . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 23 ( 3 ) : 362 – 371 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evenden , J. L. 1999 . Varieties of impulsivity . Psychopharmacology , 146 : 348 – 361 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faraone , S. V. , Spencer , T. , Aleardi , M. , Pagano , C. and Biederman , J. 2004 . Meta-analysis of the efficacy of methylphenidate for treating adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder . Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology , 24 ( 1 ) : 24 – 29 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gualtieri , C. T. , Ondrusek , M. G. and Finley , C. 1985 . Attention deficit disorder in adults . Clinical Neuropharmacology , 8 ( 4 ) : 343 – 356 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heiligenstein , E. , Conyers , L. M. , Berns , A. R. , Miller , M. A. and Smith , M. A. 1998 . Preliminary normative data on DSM-IV attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in college students . Journal of American College Health , 46 ( 4 ) : 185 – 188 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kempton , S. , Vance , A. , Maruff , P. , Luk , E. , Costin , J. and Pantelis , C. 1999 . Executive function and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Stimulant medication and better executive function performance in children . Psychological Medicine , 29 ( 3 ) : 527 – 538 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerns , K. A. , McInerney , R. J. and Wilde , N. J. 2001 . Time reproduction, working memory, and behavioral inhibition in children with ADHD . Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section C: Child Neuropsychology , 7 ( 1 ) : 21 – 31 . [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kinsbourne , M. , De Quiros , G. B. and Tocci Rufo , D. 2001 . Adult ADHD : Controlled medication assessment . Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , 931 : 287 – 296 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klorman , R. , Brumaghim , J. T. , Fitzpatrick , P. A. and Borgstedt , A. D. 1991 . Methylphenidate speeds evaluation processes of attention deficit disorder adolescents during a continuous performance test . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 19 ( 3 ) : 263 – 283 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klorman , R. , Brumaghim , J. T. , Salzman , L. F. , Strauss , J. , Borgstedt , A. D. McBride , M. C. 1988 . Effects of methylphenidate on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder with and without aggressive / noncompliant features . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 97 ( 4 ) : 413 – 422 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kooij , J. J. S. , Burger , H. , Boonstra , A. M. , Linden , P. D.Van der , Kalma , L. E. and Buitelaar , J. K. “ Efficacy and safety of methylphenidate in 45 adults with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A randomized placebo-controlled double-blind cross-over trial ” . In Psychological Medicine 973 – 982 .
   Google Scholar
• Kramer , A. F. , Cepeda , N. J. and Cepeda , M. 2001 . Methylphenidate effects on task-switching performance in attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder . Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , 40 ( 11 ) : 1277 – 1284 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuperman , S. , Jerry , P. J. , Gaffney , G. R. , Lund , B. C. , Bever-Stille , K. A. Arndt , S. 2001 . Bupropion SR vs. methylphenidate vs. placebo for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults . Annals of Clinical Psychiatry , 13 ( 3 ) : 129 – 134 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Landis , J. R. and Koch , G. G. 1977 . An application of hierarchical kappa-type statistics in the assessment of majority agreement among multiple observers . Biometrics , 33 ( 2 ) : 363 – 374 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Logan , G. D. 1994 . “ On the ability to inhibit thought and action : A users’ guide to the stop signal paradigm ” . In Inhibitory processes in attention, memory, and language , Edited by: Dagenbach , D. and Carr , T.H. 189 – 239 . San Diego, CA : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Logan , G. D. and Burkell , J. 1986 . Dependence and independence in responding to double stimulation: A comparison of stop, change, and dual-task paradigms . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 12 ( 4 ) : 549 – 563 .
   Google Scholar
• Logan , G. D. and Cowan , W. B. 1984 . On the ability to inhibit thought and action: A theory of an act of control . Psychology Review , 91 ( 3 ) : 295 – 327 . [CROSSREF]
   Google Scholar
• Logan , G. D. , Cowan , W. B. and Davis , K. A. 1984 . On the ability to inhibit simple and choice reaction time responses: A model and a method . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance , 10 ( 2 ) : 276 – 291 . [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loranger , A. W. , Sartorius , N. , Andreoli , A. and Berger , P. 1994 . The international personality disorder examination : The world health organization / alcohol, drug abuse, and mental health administration international pilot study of personality disorders . Archives of General Psychiatry , 51 ( 3 ) : 215 – 224 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Losier , B. J. , McGrath , P. J. and Klein , R. M. 1996 . Error patterns on the continuous performance test in non-medicated and medicated samples of children with and without ADHD: A meta-analytic review . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 37 ( 8 ) : 971 – 987 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mannuzza , S. , Klein , R. G. , Bessler , A. , Malloy , P. and LaPadula , M. 1998 . Adult psychiatric status of hyperactive boys grown up . American Journal of Psychiatry , 155 ( 4 ) : 493 – 498 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy , K. and Barkley , R. A. 1996 . Prevalence of DSM-IV symptoms of ADHD in adult licensed drivers: Implications for clinical diagnosis . Journal of Attention Disorders , 1 ( 3 ) : 147 – 161 .
   Google Scholar
• Murphy , K. R. , Barkley , R. A. and Bush , T. 2001 . Executive functioning and olfactory identification in young adults with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder . Neuropsychology , 15 ( 2 ) : 211 – 220 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy , P. 2002 . Inhibitory control in adults with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder . Journal of Attention Disorders , 6 ( 1 ) : 1 – 4 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nigg , J. T. 2001 . Is ADHD a disinhibitory disorder? . Psychological Bulletin , 127 ( 5 ) : 571 – 598 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oosterlaan , J. , Logan , G. D. and Sergeant , J. A. 1998 . Response inhibition in AD/HD, CD, co morbid AD/HD + CD, anxious, and control children: A meta-analysis of studies with the stop task . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 39 ( 3 ) : 411 – 425 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ossmann , J. M. and Mulligan , N. W. 2003 . Inhibition and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults . American Journal of Psychology , 116 ( 1 ) : 35 – 50 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Overtoom , C. C. E. , Verbaten , M. N. , Kemner , C. , Kenemans , J. L. , Engeland , H.Van Buitelaar , J. K. 2003 . Effects of methylphenidate, desipramine, and L-dopa on attention and inhibition in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder . Behavioural Brain Research , 145 ( 1-2 ) : 7 – 15 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pennington , B. F. and Ozonoff , S. 1996 . Executive functions and developmental psychopathology . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 37 ( 1 ) : 51 – 87 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reid , M. K. and Borkowski , J. G. 1984 . Effects of methylphenidate (Ritalin) on information processing in hyperactive children . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 12 ( 1 ) : 169 – 185 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riccio , C. A. , Hynd , G. W. , Cohen , M. J. , Hall , J. and Molt , L. 1994 . Co-morbidity of central auditory processing disorder and attention- deficit hyperactivity disorder . Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , 33 ( 6 ) : 849 – 857 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riccio , C. A. and Reynolds , C. R. 2001 . Continuous performance tests are sensitive to ADHD in adults, but lack specificity: A review and critique for differential diagnosis . Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , 931 : 113 – 139 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riccio , C. A. , Waldrop , J. J. M. , Reynolds , C. R. and Lowe , P. 2001 . Effects of stimulants on the continuous performance test (CPT): Implications for CPT use and interpretation . Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience , 13 ( 3 ) : 326 – 335 . [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riordan , H. , Flashman , L. A. , Saykin , A. J. , Frutiger , S. A. , Carroll , K. E. and Huey , L. 1999 . Neuropsychological correlates of methylphenidate treatment in adult ADHD with and without depression . Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology , 14 ( 2 ) : 217 – 233 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robins , L. N. , Cottler , L. B. , Bucholz , K. K. , Compton , W. M. , North , C. S. and Rourke , K. M. 1995 . Diagnostic Interview Schedule for DSM-IV , St. Louis, MO : Washington University .
   Google Scholar
• Robins , L. N. , Wing , J. , Wittchen , H. U. , Helzer , J. E. , Babor , T. F. Burke , J. 1988 . The Composite International Diagnostic Interview: An epidemiologic instrument suitable for use in conjunction with different diagnostic systems and in different cultures . Archives of General Psychiatry , 45 ( 12 ) : 1069 – 1077 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosvold , H. E. , Mirsky , A. F. , Sarason , I. , Bransome , E. D. and Beck , L. H. 1956 . A continuous performance test of brain damage . Journal of Consulting Psychology , 20 : 343 – 350 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rubia , K. , Oosterlaan , J. , Sergeant , J. A. , Brandeis , D. and Leeuwen , T.Van . 1998 . Inhibitory dysfunction in hyperactive boys . Behavioural Brain Research , 94 ( 1 ) : 25 – 33 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sachdev , P .S. and Trollor , J. N. 2000 . How high a dose of stimulant medication in adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder? . Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry , 34 ( 4 ) : 645 – 650 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanders , A. F. 1998 . Elements of human performance: Reaction processes and attention in human skill , Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Schachar , R. J. , Tannock , R. and Logan , G. 1993 . Inhibitory control, impulsiveness, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder . Clinical Psychology Review , 13 : 721 – 739 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schachter , H. M. , Pham , B. , King , J. , Langford , S. and Moher , D. 2001 . How efficacious and safe is short-acting methylphenidate for the treatment of attention-deficit disorder in children and adolescents? A meta-analysis . Canadian Medical Association Journal , 165 ( 11 ) : 1475 – 1488 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheres , A. , Oosterlaan , J. and Sergeant , J. A. 2001 . Response execution and inhibition in children with AD / HD and other disruptive disorders: The role of behavioural activation . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 42 ( 3 ) : 347 – 357 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheres , A. , Oosterlaan , J. , Swanson , J. , Morein-Zamir , S. , Meiran , N. Schut , H. 2003 . The effect of methylphenidate on three forms of inhibition in boys with AD / HD . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 31 ( 1 ) : 105 – 120 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sergeant , J. A. 2000 . The cognitive-energetic model: An empirical approach to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder . Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews , 24 : 7 – 12 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sergeant , J. A. , Geurts , H. and Oosterlaan , J. 2002 . How specific is a deficit of executive functioning for attention- deficit / hyperactivity disorder? . Behavioural Brain Research , 130 ( 1–2 ) : 3 – 28 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sergeant , J. A. , Oosterlaan , J. and Meere , J.Van der . 1999 . “ Information processing and energetic factors in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ” . In Handbook of disruptive behavior disorders , Edited by: Quay , H. C. and Hogan , A.E. 75 – 104 . New York : Plenum Press .
   Google Scholar
• Sheehan , D. V. , Harnett-Sheehan , K. and Raj , B. A. 1996 . The measurement of disability . International Clinical Psychopharmacology , 11 ( Suppl. 3 ) : 89 – 95 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solanto , M. V. 1997 . Does methylphenidate influence cognitive performance? . Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , 36 ( 10 ) : 1323 – 1325 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solanto , M. V. and Conners , C. K. 1982 . A dose-response and time-action analysis of autonomic and behavioral effects of methylphenidate in attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity . Psychophysiology , 19 ( 6 ) : 658 – 667 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spencer , T. , Wilens , T. , Biederman , J. , Faraone , S. V. , Ablon , J. S. and Lapey , K. 1995 . A double-blind, crossover comparison of methylphenidate and placebo in adults with childhood-onset attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder . Archives of General Psychiatry , 52 ( 6 ) : 434 – 443 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swanson , J. M. , McBurnett , K. , Christian , D. L. and Wigal , T. 1995 . “ Stimulant medications and the treatment of children with ADHD ” . In Advances in clinical child psychology , Edited by: Ollendick , T. H. and Prinz , R. J. New York : Plenum Press .
   Google Scholar
• Tannock , R. and Schachar , R. 1992 . Methylphenidate and cognitive perseveration in hyperactive children . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 33 ( 7 ) : 1217 – 1228 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tannock , R. , Schachar , R. J. , Carr , R. P. , Chajczyk , D. and Logan , G. D. 1989 . Effects of methylphenidate on inhibitory control in hyperactive children . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 17 ( 5 ) : 473 – 491 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tannock , R. , Schachar , R. and Logan , G. 1995 . Methylphenidate and cognitive flexibility : Dissociated dose effects in hyperactive children . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 23 : 235 – 266 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor , E. 1998 . Clinical foundations of hyperactivity research . Behavioural Brain Research , 94 ( 1 ) : 11 – 24 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meere , J. J.Van der . 1996 . “ The role of attention ” . In Monographs in child and adolescent psychiatry. Hyperactivity disorders of childhood , Edited by: Sandberg , S. T. 109 – 146 . Cambridge, NY : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Meere , J. J.Van der , Shalev , R. , Borger , N. and Gross-Tsur , V. 1995 . Sustained attention, activation and MPH in ADHD: A research note . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 36 ( 4 ) : 697 – 703 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Volkow , N. D. , Ding , Y. S. , Fowler , J. S. , Wang , G. J. , Logan , J. Gatley , J. S. 1995 . Is methylphenidate like cocaine? Studies on their pharmacokinetics and distribution in the human brain . Archives of General Psychiatry , 52 ( 6 ) : 456 – 463 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker , A. J. , Shores , E. A. , Trollor , J. N. , Lee , T. and Sachdev , P. S. 2000 . Neuropsychological functioning of adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 22 ( 1 ) : 115 – 124 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weiss , G. , Hechtman , L. , Milroy , T. and Perlman , T. 1985 . Psychiatric status of hyperactives as adults: A controlled prospective 15-year follow-up of 63 hyperactive children . Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , 24 ( 2 ) : 211 – 220 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wender , P. H. , Wolf , L. E. and Wasserstein , J. 2001 . Adults with ADHD. An overview . Annals of the New York Academy of Science , 931 : 1 – 16 . [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilens , T. E. , Biederman , J. , Spencer , T. J. and Prince , J. 1995 . Pharmacotherapy of adult attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder: A review . Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology , 15 ( 4 ) : 270 – 279 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilens , T. E. and Spencer , T. J. 2000 . The stimulants revisited . Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America , 9 ( 3 ) : 573 – 603 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilens , T. E. , Spencer , T. J. and Biederman , J. 2002 . A review of the pharmacotherapy of adults with attention- deficit / hyperactivity disorder . Journal of Attention Disorders , 5 ( 4 ) : 189 – 202 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CSA]
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wodushek , T. R. and Neuman , C. S. 2003 . Inhibitory capacity in adults with symptoms of attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) . Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology , 18 : 317 – 330 . [PUBMED] [INFOTRIEVE] [CROSSREF]
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar