Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and Williams syndrome: Shared behavioral and neuropsychological profiles

REFERENCES

• American Psychiatric Association . 2000 . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders text rev. , 4th , Washington, DC : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Bellugi , U. , Wang , P. and Jernigan , T. 1994 . “ Williams syndrome: An unusual neuropsychological profile ” . In Atypical cognitive deficits in developmental disorders: Implications for brain function , Edited by: Broman , S. and Grafman , J. Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Carrasco , X. , Castillo , S. , Aravena , T. , Rothhammer , P. and Aboitiz , F. 2005 . William syndrome: Pediatric, neurologic, and cognitive development . Pediatric Neurology , 32 ( 3 ) : 166 – 172 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castellanos , F. X. , Sonuga-Barke , E. J. S. , Milham , M. P. and Tannock , R. 2006 . Characterizing cognition in ADHD: Beyond executive dysfunction . Trends in Cognitive Sciences , 10 ( 3 ) : 117 – 123 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coghill , D. and Banaschewski , T. 2009 . The genetics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder . Expert Review Neurotherapy , 9 ( 10 ) : 1547 – 1565 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coghill , D. , Nigg , J. , Rothenberger , A. , Sonuga-Barke , E. and Tannock , R. 2005 . Whither causal models in the neuroscience of ADHD? . Developmental Science , 8 ( 2 ) : 105 – 114 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coghill , D. R. , Rhodes , S. M. and Matthews , K. 2007 . The neuropsychological effects of chronic methylphenidate on drug naive boys with ADHD . Biological Psychiatry , 62 : 954 – 962 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coghill , D. R. , Rohde , L. A. and Banashewski , T. 2008 . “ Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ” . In Advances biological psychiatry: Vol. 24. Biological child psychiatry: Recent trends and developments , Edited by: Banaschewski , T. and Rohde , L. A. 1 – 20 . Basel, , Switzerland : Karger .
   Google Scholar
• Conners , C. K. , Parker , J. D. A. , Sitarenios , G. and Epstein , J. N. 1998 . The Revised Conners’ Parent Rating Scale (CPRS–R): Factor structure, reliability, and criterion validity . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 26 : 257 – 268 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies , M. , Udwin , O. and Howlin , P. 1998 . Adults with Williams syndrome. Preliminary study of social, emotional and behavioral difficulties . British Journal of Psychiatry , 172 : 273 – 276 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunn , L. , Dunn , L. , Whetton , C. and Burley , J. 1997 . British Picture Vocabulary Scale II , London : GL Assessment .
   Google Scholar
• Ewart , A. K. , Morris , C. A. , Atkinson , D. , Jin , W. , Sternes , K. Spallone , P. 1993 . Hemizygosity at the elastin locus in a developmental disorder, Williams syndrome . Nature Genetics , 5 : 11 – 16 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finegan , J. K. , Cole , T. R. , Kingwell , E. , Smith , M. L. , Smith , M. and Sitarenios , G. 1994 . Language and behavior in children with Sotos syndrome . Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , 33 : 1307 – 1315 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fray , P. J. and Robbins , T. W. 1996 . CANTAB battery: Proposed utility in neurotoxicology . Neurotoxicology and Teratology , 18 : 499 – 504 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glenn , S. and Cunningham , C. 2005 . Performance of young people with Down syndrome on the Leiter-R and British picture vocabulary scales . Journal of Intellectual Disability Research , 49 : 239 – 244 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gosch , A. and Pankau , R. 1997 . Personality characteristics and behavior problems in individuals of different ages with Williams syndrome . Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology , 39 : 527 – 533 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Happé , F. , Booth , R. , Charlton , R. and Hughes , C. 2006 . Executive function deficits in autism spectrum disorders and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Examining profiles across domains and ages . Brain and Cognition , 61 ( 1 ) : 25 – 39 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holmes , J. , Gathercole , S. E. , Place , M. , Dunning , D. L. , Hilton , K. A. and Elliott , J. G. 2009 . “ Working memory deficits can be overcome: Impacts of training and medication on working memory in children with ADHD ” . In Applied Cognitive Psychology DOI:10.1002/acp.1589.
   Google Scholar
• Hoza , B. , Mrug , S. , Gerdes , A. C. , Hinshaw , S. P. , Bukowski , W. M. Gold , J. A. 2005 . What aspects of peer relationships are impaired in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 73 ( 3 ) : 411 – 423 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarrold , C. , Baddeley , A. D. and Hewes , A. K. 1998 . Verbal and nonverbal abilities in the Williams syndrome phenotype: Evidence for diverging developmental trajectories . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 39 ( 4 ) : 511 – 523 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarrold , C. , Baddeley , A. D. and Hewes , A. K. 1999 . Genetically dissociated components of working memory: Evidence from Down's and Williams syndrome . Neuropsychologia , 37 : 637 – 651 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Järvinen-Pasley , A. , Bellugi , U. , Reilly , J. , Mills , D. L. , Galaburda , A. Reiss , A. L. 2008 . Defining the social phenotype in Williams syndrome: A model for linking gene, the brain, and behavior . Development and Psychopathology , 20 : 1 – 35 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones , W. , Bellugi , U. , Lai , Z. , Chiles , M. , Reilly , J. Lincoln , A. 2000 . Hypersociability in Williams syndrome . Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience , 12 ( 1 ) : 30 – 46 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaufman , J. , Birmaher , B. , Brent , D. , Rao , U. and Ryan , N. 1996 . “ Diagnostic interview ” . In Kiddie-Sads-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL)–screen interview
   Google Scholar
• Kazui , H. , Hirono , N. , Hashimoto , M. , Nakano , Y. , Matsumoto , K. Takatsuki , Y. 2006 . Symptoms underlying unawareness of memory impairment in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease . Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology , 19 ( 1 ) : 3 – 12 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein-Tasman , B. P. and Mervis , C. B. 2003 . Distinctive personality characteristics of children with Williams syndrome . Developmental Neuropsychology , 23 : 271 – 292 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leyfer , O. T. , Woodruff-Borden , J. , Klein-Tasman , B. P. , Fricke , J. S. and Mervis , C. B. 2006 . Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in 4–16 year olds with Williams syndrome . American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics , 141B : 615 – 622 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luciana , M. and Nelson , C. A. 1998 . The functional emergence of prefrontally-guided working memory systems in four- to eight-year-old children . Neuropsychologia , 36 ( 3 ) : 273 – 293 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinussen , R. , Hayden , J. , Hogg-Johnson , S. and Tannock , R. 2005 . A meta-analysis of working memory impairments in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder . Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , 44 ( 4 ) : 377 – 384 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinussen , R. and Tannock , T. 2006 . Working memory impairments in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with and without comorbid language learning disorders . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 28 ( 7 ) : 1073 – 1094 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthews , K. M. , Coghill , D. R. and Rhodes , S. M. 2008 . Neuropsychological functioning in depressed adolescent girls . Journal of Affective Disorders , 111 : 113 – 118 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mervis , C. B. , Robinson , B. F. and Pani , J. R. 1999 . Visuospatial construction . American Journal of Human Genetics , 65 : 1222 – 1229 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer-Lindenberg , A. , Mervis , C. B. and Berman , K. F. 2006 . Neural mechanisms in Williams syndrome: A unique window to genetic influences on cognition and behavior . Nature Reviews Neuroscience , 7 : 380 – 393 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mobbs , D. , Eckert , M. A. , Mills , D. , Korenberg , J. , Bellugi , U. Galaburda , A. M. 2006 . Frontostriatal dysfunction during response inhibition in Williams syndrome . Biological Psychiatry , 62 : 256 – 261 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris , R. G. , Evendon , J. L. , Sahakian , B. J. and Robbins , T. W. 1987 . “ Computer-aided assessment of dementia: Comparative studies of neuropsychological deficits in Alzheimer's-type dementia and Parkinson's disease ” . In Cognitive neurochemistry , Edited by: Stahl , S. M. , Iverson , S. D. and Goodman , E. C. 21 – 36 . Oxford, UK : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Morris , C. A. and Mervis , C. B. 1999 . “ Williams syndrome ” . In Handbook of neurodevelopmental and genetic disorders in children , Edited by: Goldstein , S. and Reynolds , C. R. New York : The Guildford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Mottron , L. 2004 . Matching strategies in cognitive research with individuals with high-functioning autism: Current practices, instrument biases, and recommendations . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 34 : 19 – 27 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myers , B. A. and Pueschel , S. M. 1991 . Psychiatric disorders in persons with Down syndrome . Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease , 179 : 609 – 613 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagano-Saito , A. , Washimi , Y. , Arahata , Y. , Kachi , T. , Lerch , J. P. Evans , A. C. 2005 . Cerebral atrophy and its relation to cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease . Neurology , 64 : 224 – 229 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health . 2008 . Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Diagnosis and management of ADHD in children, young people and adults: NICE Clinical Guideline , Vol. 72 , London : National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence .
   Google Scholar
• O'Hearn , K. , Courtney , S. , Street , W. and Landau , B. 2009 . Working memory impairment in people with Williams syndrome: Effects of delay, task and stimuli . Brain and Cognition , 69 : 495 – 503 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Owen , A. M. , Sahakian , B. J. , Semple , J. , Polkey , C. E. and Robbins , T. W. 1995 . Visuo-spatial short-term recognition memory and learning after temporal lobe excisions, frontal lobe excisions or amygdalo-hippocampectomy in man . Neuropsychologia , 33 : 1 – 24 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petrides , M. and Milner , B. 1982 . Deficits on subject-ordered tasks after frontal- and temporal-lobe lesions in man . Neuropsychologia , 20 : 249 – 262 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Power , T. J. , Blum , N. J. , Jones , S. M. and Kaplan , P. E. 1997 . Brief report: Response to methylphenidate in two children with Williams syndrome . Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders , 27 : 79 – 87 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes , S. M. , Coghill , D. R. and Matthews , K. 2004 . Methylphenidate restores visual memory, but not working memory function in attention deficit-hyperkinetic disorder . Psychopharmacology , 175 : 319 – 330 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes , S. M. , Coghill , D. R. and Matthews , K. 2005 . Neuropsychological functioning in stimulant-naive boys with hyperkinetic disorder . Psychological Medicine , 35 : 1109 – 1120 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes , S. M. , Coghill , D. R. and Matthews , K. 2006 . Acute neuropsychological effects of methylphenidate in stimulant drug-naïve boys with ADHD II—broader executive and non-executive domains . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 47 ( 11 ) : 1184 – 1194 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes , S. M. , Riby , D. M. , Park , J. , Fraser , E. and Campbell , L. E. 2010 . Executive neuropsychological functioning in individuals with Williams syndrome . Neuropsychologia , 48 ( 5 ) : 1216 – 1226 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riby , D. M. , Bruce , V. and Jawaid , A. in press . “ Everyone's friend? The case of Williams syndrome ” . In Pathological altruism , Edited by: Oakley , B. , Knafo , A. , Madhavan , G. and Wilson , D. S. New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Riby , D. M. and Hancock , P. J. B. 2008 . Viewing it differently: Social scene perception in Williams syndrome and autism . Neuropsychologia , 46 : 2855 – 2860 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shallice , T. 1982 . Specific impairments of planning . Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London , 298 : 199 – 209 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strømme , P. , Bjørnstad , P. G. and Ramstad , K. 2002 . Prevalence estimation of Williams syndrome . Journal of Child Neurology , 17 : 269 – 271 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tager-Flusberg , H. and Sullivan , K. 2000 . A componential view of theory of mind: Evidence from Williams syndrome . Cognition , 76 : 59 – 89 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uekermann , J. , Kraemer , M. , Abdel-Hamid , M. , Schimmelmann , B. G. , Hebebrand , J. Daum , I. 2009 . Social cognition in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) . Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews , 34 : 734 – 743 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vicari , S. , Bellucci , S. and Carlesimo , G. A. 2003 . Visual and spatial working memory dissociation: Evidence from Williams syndrome . Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology , 45 : 269 – 273 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , P. P. and Bellugi , U. 1994 . Evidence from two genetic syndromes for a dissociation between verbal and visual-spatial short-term memory . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 16 : 317 – 322 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willcutt , E. G. , Doyle , A. E. , Nigg , J. T. , Faraone , S. V. and Pennington , B. F. 2005 . Validity of the executive function theory of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analytic review . Biological Psychiatry , 57 : 1336 – 1346 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willcutt , E. G. , Sonuga-Barke , E. J. S. , Nigg , J. T. and Sergeant , J. A. 2008 . “ Recent developments in neuropsychological models of childhood psychiatric disorders ” . In Advances biological psychiatry: Vol. 24: Biological child psychiatry: Recent trends and developments , Edited by: Banaschewski , T. and Rohde , L. A. 195 – 226 . Basel, Switzerland : Karger .
   Google Scholar