Neurocognitive performance in drug-dependent males and females with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms

REFERENCES

• American Psychiatric Association . 1994 . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders , 4th , Washington , DC : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Aron , J. L. and Paulus , M. P. 2007 . Location, location: Using functional magnetic resonance imaging to pinpoint brain differences relevant to stimulant use . Addiction , 102 ( 1 ) : 33 – 43 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aupperle , R. L. , Melrose , A. J. , Stein , M. B. and Paulus , M. P. 2011 . Executive function and PTSD: Disengaging from trauma . Neuropharmacology , 62 : 686 – 694 .
   Google Scholar
• Bechara , A. 2005 . Decision making, impulsive control and loss of willpower to resist drugs: A neurocognitive perspective . Nature Neuroscience , 8 : 1458 – 1463 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck , A. T. , Steer , R. A. , Ball , R. and Ranieri , W. F. 1996 . Comparison of Beck Depression Inventories–IA and –II in psychiatric outpatients . Journal of Personality Assessment , 67 : 588 – 597 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bickel , W. K. , Yi , R. , Landes , R. D. , Hill , P. F. and Baxter , C. 2011 . Remember the future: Working memory training decreases delay discounting among stimulant addicts . Biological Psychiatry , 69 : 260 – 265 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bollinger , A. R. , Cuevas , C. A. , Vielhauer , M. J. , Morgan , E. E. and Keane , T. M. 2008 . The operating characteristics of the PTSD Checklist in detecting PTSD in HIV+ substance abusers . Journal of Psychological Trauma , 7 : 213 – 234 .
   Google Scholar
• Brady , K. T. , Back , S. E. and Coffey , S. F. 2004 . Substance abuse and posttraumatic stress disorder . Current Directions in Psychological Science , 13 : 206 – 209 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brady , K. T. , Gray , K. M. and Tolliver , B. K. 2011 . Cognitive enhancers in the treatment of substance use disorders: Clinical evidence . Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior , 99 : 285 – 294 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brohawn , K. H. , Offringa , R. , Pfaff , D. L. , Hughes , K. C. and Shin , L. M. 2010 . The neural correlates of emotional memory in posttraumatic stress disorder . Biological Psychiatry , 68 : 1023 – 1030 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cahill , L. 2006 . Why sex matters for neuroscience . Nature Reviews. Neuroscience , 7 : 477 – 484 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chambers , C. D. , Garavan , H. and Bellgrove , M. A. 2009 . Insights into the neural basis of response inhibition from cognitive and clinical neuroscience . Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews , 33 : 631 – 646 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dougherty , D. M. and Marsh , D. M. 2003 . Immediate and delayed memory tasks: A research tool for studying attention, memory, and impulsive behavior (IMT/DMT Version 2.0) [Computer software and manual] , Houston , TX : University of Texas Houston Health Science Center, Neurobehavioral Research Laboratory and Clinic .
   Google Scholar
• Dougherty , D. M. , Marsh , D. M. and Mathias , C. W. 2002 . Immediate and delayed memory tasks: A computerized behavioral measure of memory, attention, and impulsivity . Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers , 34 : 391 – 398 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dougherty , D. M. , Marsh , D. M , Moeller , G. , Chokshi , R. V. and Rosen , V. C. 2000 . Effects of moderate and high doses of alcohol on attention, impulsivity, discriminability, and response bias in immediate and delayed memory task performance . Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research , 24 : 1702 – 1711 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ersche , K. D. , Clark , L. , London , M. , Robbins , T. W. and Sahakian , B. J. 2006 . Profile of executive and memory function associated with amphetamine and opiate dependence . Neuropsychopharmacology , 31 : 1036 – 1047 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falconer , E. , Bryant , R. , Felmingham , K. L. , Kemp , A. H. , Gordon , E. Peduto , A. 2008 . The neural networks of inhibitory control in posttraumatic stress disorder . Journal of Psychiatry & Neuroscience , 33 : 413 – 422 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fattore , L , Altea , S. and Fratta , W. 2008 . Sex differences in drug addiction: A review of animal and human studies . Women's Health (London) , 4 : 51 – 65 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Felmingham , K. , Williams , L. M. , Kemp , A. H. , Liddell , B. , Falconer , E. Peduto , A. 2010 . Neural responses to masked fear faces: Sex differences and trauma exposure in posttraumatic stress disorder . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 119 : 241 – 247 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernández-Serrano , M. J. , Pérez-Garcia , M. and Verdejo-García , A. 2011 . What are the specific versus generalized effects of drugs of abuse on neuropsychological performance? . Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews , 35 : 377 – 406 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• First , M. B. , Spitzer , R. L. , Gibbon , M. and Williams , J. B. W. 1996 . Structured clinical interview for DSM–IV Axis I disorders , New York , NY : Biometric Research Department .
   Google Scholar
• George , O. and Koob , G. F. 2010 . Individual differences in prefrontal cortex function and transition from drug use to drug dependence . Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews , 35 : 232 – 247 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenfield , S. F. , Back , S. E. , Lawson , K. and Brady , K. T. 2010 . Substance abuse in women . Psychiatric Clinics of North America , 33 : 339 – 355 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruber , S. A. , Silveri , M. M. and Yurgelun-Todd , D. A. 2007 . Neuropsychological consequences of opiate use . Neuropsychology Review , 17 : 299 – 315 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hofmann , S. G. , Richey , J. A. , Kashdan , T. B. and McKnight , P. E. 2009 . Anxiety disorders moderate the association between externalizing problems and substance use disorders: Data from the National Comorbidity Survey–Revised . Journal of Anxiety Disorders , 23 : 529 – 534 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnsen , G. E. and Asbjornsen , A. E. 2008 . Consistent impaired verbal memory in PTSD: A meta-analysis . Journal of Affective Disorders , 111 : 74 – 82 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kessler , R. C. , Sonnega , A. , Bromet , E. , Hughes , M. and Nelson , C. B. 1995 . Posttraumatic stress disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey . Archives of General Psychiatry , 52 : 1048 – 1060 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kilts , C. D. , Gross , R. E. , Ely , T. D. and Drexler , K. P. G. 2004 . The neural correlates of cue-induced craving in cocaine-dependent women . The American Journal of Psychiatry , 161 : 233 – 241 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leskin , L. P. and White , P. M. 2007 . Attentional networks reveal executive function deficits in posttraumatic stress disorder . Neuropsychology , 21 : 275 – 284 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liberzon , I. and Sripada , C. S. 2008 . The functional neuroanatomy of PTSD: A critical review . Progress in Brain Research , 167 : 151 – 169 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynch , W. J. , Roth , M. E. and Carroll , M. E. 2002 . Biological basis of sex differences in drug abuse: Preclinical and clinical studies . Psychopharmacology , 164 : 121 – 137 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin , E. , Gonzalez , R. , Vassileva , J. and Maki , P. 2011 . HIV+ men and women show different performance patterns on procedural learning tasks . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 33 : 112 – 120 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonald , S. D. and Calhoun , P. S. 2010 . The diagnostic accuracy of the PTSD checklist: A critical review . Clinical Psychology Review , 30 : 976 – 987 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLellan , A. T. , Luborsky , L. , Cacciola , J. , Griffith , J. , Evans , F. Barr , H. L. 1985 . New data from the Addiction Severity Index: Reliability and validity in three centers . Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease , 173 : 412 – 423 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Passetti , F. , Clark , L. , Mehta , M. A. , Joyce , E. and King , M. 2008 . Neuropsychological predictors of clinical outcome in opiate addition . Drug and Alcohol Dependence , 94 : 82 – 91 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perry , J. L. and Carroll , M. E. 2008 . The role of impulsive behavior in drug use . Psychopharmacology , 200 : 1 – 26 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qureshi , S. U. , Long , M. E. , Bradshaw , M. R. , Pyne , J. M. , Magruder , K. M. and Kimbrell , T. 2009 . Does PTSD impair cognition beyond the effect of trauma? . Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience , 23 : 16 – 28 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahman , Q. and Clarke , C. D. 2005 . Sex differences in neurocognitive functioning among abstinent recreational cocaine users . Psychopharmacology , 181 : 374 – 380 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ray , Li , Kosten , C. and Sinha , R. 2005 . Sex differences in brain activation during stress imagery in abstinent cocaine users: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study . Biological Psychiatry , 57 : 487 – 494 . T. R.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Read , J. P. , Brown , P. J. and Kahler , C. W. 2004 . Substance use and posttraumatic stress disorders: Symptom interplay and effects on outcome . Addictive Behaviors , 29 : 1665 – 1672 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sava , S. , McCaffrey , A. and Yurgelun-Todd , D. A. 2009 . “ Gender, cognition, and addiction ” . In Women and addiction: A comprehensive handbook , Edited by: Brady , K. T. , Back , S. E. and Greenfield , S. F. 133 – 146 . New York , NY : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Seedat , S. , Videen , J. S. , Kennedy , C. M. and Stein , M. B. 2005 . Single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in women with and without intimate partner violence-related posttraumatic stress disorder . Psychiatry Research , 139 : 249 – 258 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stein , M. A. , Sandoval , R. , Szumowski , E. and Roizen , N. 1995 . Psychometric properties of the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS): Reliability and factor structure for men and women . Psychopharmacology Bulletin , 31 : 425 – 433 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tuchman , E. 2010 . Women and addiction: The importance of gender issues in substance abuse research . Journal of Addictive Diseases , 29 : 127 – 138 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner , T. H. , LaRowe , S. , Horner , M. D. , Herron , J. and Malcolm , R. 2009 . Measures of cognitive functioning as predictors of treatment outcome for cocaine dependence . Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment , 37 : 328 – 334 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van der Plas , E. A. A. , Crone , E. A. , van den Wildenberg , W. P. M. , Tranel , D. and Bechara , A. 2009 . Executive control deficits in substance-dependent individuals: A comparison of alcohol, cocaine, and methamphetamine of men and women . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 31 : 706 – 719 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vasterling , J. J. , Duke , L. M. , Brailey , K. , Constans , J. I. , Allain , A. N. Jr. and Sutker , P. B. 2002 . Attention, learning, and memory performances and intellectual resources in Vietnam veterans: PTSD and no disorder comparisons . Neuropsychology , 16 : 5 – 14 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verfaellie , M. and Vasterling , J. J. 2009 . “ Memory in PTSD: A neurocognitive approach ” . In Post-traumatic stress disorder: Basic science and clinical practice , Edited by: Shiromani , P. J. , Keane , T. M. and LeDoux , J. E. 409 Totawa , NJ : Humana Press .
   Google Scholar
• Volkow , N. D. , Tomasi , D. , Wang , G. , Fowler , J. S. , Telang , F. Goldstein , R. Z. 2011 . Reduced metabolism in brain “control networks” following cocaine-cues exposure in female cocaine abusers . PLoS ONE , 6 , 1–7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , J. H. , Liu , X. F. , Chen , Y. M. , Sun , H. Y. , Fu , Y. Ma , M. X. 2007 . Heroin impairs map-picture-following and memory tasks dependent on gender and orientation of the tasks . Behavioral Neuroscience , 121 : 653 – 664 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ward , M. F. , Wender , P. H. and Reimherr , F. W. 1993 . The Wender Utah Rating Scale: An aid in the retrospective diagnosis of childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder . The American Journal of Psychiatry , 150 : 885 – 890 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weathers , F. , Litz , B. , Herman , D. , Huska , J. and Keane , T. The PTSD Checklist (PCL): Reliability, validity, and diagnostic utility . Paper presented at the Annual Convention of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies . October , San Antonio , TX .
   Google Scholar
• Wechsler , D. 2001 . Wechsler Test of Adult Reading , San Antonio , TX : The Psychological Corporation .
   Google Scholar
• Wetherington , C. L. 2007 . Sex-gender differences in drug abuse: A shift in the burden of proof? . Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology , 15 : 411 – 417 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White , T. L. , Justice , A. J. and de Wit , H. 2002 . Differential subjective effects of D-amphetamine by gender, hormone levels, and menstrual cycle phase . Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior , 73 : 729 – 741 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woodard , S. H. , Kaloupek , D. G. , Grande , L. J. , Stegman , W. K. , Kutter , C. J. Leskin , L. 2009 . Hippocampal volume and declarative memory function in combat-related PTSD . Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , 15 : 830 – 839 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu , J. , Ge , Y. , Shi , Z. , Duan , X. , Wang , L. Sun , X. 2010 . Response inhibition in adolescent earthquake survivors with and without posttraumatic stress disorder: A combined behavioral and ERP study . Neuroscience Letters , 486 : 117 – 121 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar