References
- Anselmino, M., Ohrvik, J., and Ryden, L., 2010. Resting heart rate in patients with stable coronary artery disease and diabetes: a report from the euro heart survey on diabetes and the heart. European heart journal, 31, 3040–3045.
- Beere, P.A., Glagov, S., and Zarins, C.K., 1984. Retarding effect of lowered heart rate on coronary atherosclerosis. Science, 226, 180–182.
- Berneis, K.K. and Krauss, R.M., 2002. Metabolic origins and clinical significance of LDL heterogeneity. Journal of lipid research, 43, 1363–1379.
- Bonaa, K.H. and Arnesen, E., 1992. Association between heart rate and atherogenic blood lipid fractions in a population. The Tromsø study. Circulation, 86, 394–405.
- Cooney, M.T., et al., 2010. Elevated resting heart rate is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in healthy men and women. American heart journal, 159, 612–619e3.
- Custodis, F., et al., 2010. Vascular pathophysiology in response to increased heart rate. Journal of the American college of cardiology, 56, 1973–1983.
- Diaz, A., et al., 2005. Long-term prognostic value of resting heart rate in patients with suspected or proven coronary artery disease. European heart journal, 26, 967–974.
- Dyer, A.R., et al., 1980. Heart rate as a prognostic factor for coronary heart disease and mortality: findings in three Chicago epidemiologic studies. American journal of epidemiology, 112, 736–749.
- Fox, K., et al., 2008. Heart rate as a prognostic risk factor in patients with coronary artery disease and left-ventricular systolic dysfunction (BEAUTIFUL): a subgroup analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet, 372, 817–821.
- Gillum, R.F., 1988. The epidemiology of resting heart rate in a national sample of men and women: associations with hypertension, coronary heart disease, blood pressure, and other cardiovascular risk factors. American heart journal, 116, 163–174.
- Grassi, G., et al., 1998. Heart rate as marker of sympathetic activity. Journal of hypertension, 16, 1635–1639.
- Ho, J.E., et al., 2010. Usefulness of heart rate at rest as a predictor of mortality, hospitalization for heart failure, myocardial infarction, and stroke in patients with stable coronary heart disease (data from the Treating to New Targets [TNT] trial). American journal of cardiology, 105, 905–911.
- Jouven, X., et al., 2001. Resting heart rate as a predictive risk factor for sudden death in middle-aged men. Cardiovascular research, 50, 373–378.
- Kannel, W.B., et al., 1987. Heart rate and cardiovascular mortality: the Framingham study. American heart journal, 113, 1489–1494.
- Keys, A., et al., 1971. Mortality and coronary heart disease among men studied for 23 years. Archives of internal medicine, 128, 201–214.
- Kohler, A., et al., 2012. Relationship between the resting heart rate and the extent of coronary artery disease as assessed by myocardial perfusion SPECT. Swiss medical weekly, 142, w13660.
- Legeai, C., et al., 2011. Resting heart rate, mortality and future coronary heart disease in the elderly: the 3C Study. European journal of cardiovascular prevention & rehabilitation, 18, 488–497.
- Lucini, D., et al., 2007. Stress management at the worksite: reversal of symptoms profile and cardiovascular dysregulation. Hypertension, 49, 291–297.
- Nanchen, D., et al., 2013. Resting heart rate and incident heart failure and cardiovascular mortality in older adults: role of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction: the PROSPER study. European journal of heart failure, 15, 581–588.
- O Hartaigh, B., et al., 2013. Evidence of a synergistic association between heart rate, inflammation, and cardiovascular mortality in patients undergoing coronary angiography. European heart journal, 34, 932–941.
- Perski, A., et al., 1988. Heart rate correlates with severity of coronary atherosclerosis in young postinfarction patients. American heart journal, 116, 1369–1373.
- Rosenson, R.S., et al., 2011. HDL measures, particle heterogeneity, proposed nomenclature, and relation to atherosclerotic cardiovascular events. Clinical chemistry, 57, 392–410.
- Thomas, F., et al., 2001. Cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive men according to presence of associated risk factors. Hypertension, 37, 1256–1261.
- Tverdal, A., Hjellvik, V., and Selmer, R., 2008. Heart rate and mortality from cardiovascular causes: a 12 year follow-up study of 379,843 men and women aged 40–45 years. European heart journal, 29, 2772–2781.
- von Kanel, R., et al., 2011. Heart rate variability and biomarkers of systemic inflammation in patients with stable coronary heart disease: findings from the Heart and Soul Study. Clinical research in cardiology, 100, 241–247.
- Williams, P.T., et al., 1985. Associations of resting heart rate with concentrations of lipoprotein subfractions in sedentary men. Circulation, 71, 441–449.
- Xu, R.X., et al., 2014. Relation of plasma PCSK9 levels to lipoprotein subfractions in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Lipids in health and disease, 13, 188.
- Yusuf, S., et al., 2004. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet, 364, 937–952.
- Zhang, Y., et al., 2014. Higher fibrinogen level is independently linked with the presence and severity of new-onset coronary atherosclerosis among Han Chinese population. PLoS one, 9, e113460.
- Zhu, C.G., et al., 2015. Circulating non-HDL-C levels were more relevant to atherogenic lipoprotein subfractions compared with LDL-C in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Journal of clinical lipidology, 9, 794–800.