References
- Akbarian, N., et al., 2018. Correlation between circulating visfatin and nitric oxide metabolites levels in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Iranian journal of kidney diseases, 12, 163–168.
- Böger, R.H., et al., 2000. Plasma concentration of asymmetric dimethylarginine, an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, is elevated in monkeys with hyperhomocyst(e)inemia or hypercholesterolemia. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 20 (6), 1557–1564.
- Bonomini, F., et al., 2008. Atherosclerosis and oxidative stress. Histology and histopathology, 23 (3), 381–390.
- Butun, I., et al., 2013. The effects of different doses of melatonin on lipid peroxidation in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic rats. Bratislavske Lekarske Listy, 114 (3), 129–132.
- Cai, G., et al., 2017. The atherogenic index of plasma is a strong and independent predictor for coronary artery disease in the Chinese Han population. Medicine, 96, e8058.
- Cemek, M., et al., 2010. Tissue trace and major element levels in organophosphate insecticide fenthion (Lebaycid®) toxicity in rats: prophylactic and therapeutic effect of exogenous melatonin. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 73 (2), 206–212.
- Chobanyan-Jürgens, K., et al., 2012. Increased asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) activity in childhood hypercholesterolemia type II. Amino acids, 43 (2), 805–811.
- Dahl, T.B., et al., 2007. Increased expression of visfatin in macrophages of human unstable carotid and coronary atherosclerosis: possible role in inflammation and plaque destabilization. Circulation, 115 (8), 972–980.
- Demchuk, A.M., et al., 1999. Is cholesterol a risk factor for stroke?: Yes. Archives of neurology, 56 (12), 1518–1520.
- Ellman, G.L., 1959. Tissue sulfhydryl groups. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, 82 (1), 70–77.
- Gharavi, N.M., et al., 2007. Role of the Jak/STAT pathway in the regulation of interleukin-8 transcription by oxidized phospholipids in vitro and in atherosclerosis in vivo. The journal of biological chemistry, 282 (43), 31460–31468.
- Gillies, P.J., et al., 1986. Regulation of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase activity in normal and atherosclerotic rabbit aortas: role of a cholesterol substrate pool. Experimental and molecular pathology, 44 (3), 329–339.
- Halliwell, B. and Gutteridge, J.M.C., 2015. Free radicals in biology and medicine. 5th ed. Oxford, UK; New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
- Hida, K., et al., 2005. Visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor: a unique insulin-sensitizing adipocytokine in obesity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 102 (30), 10610–10615.
- Hoyos, M., et al., 2000. Serum cholesterol and lipid peroxidation are decreased by melatonin in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic rats. Journal of pineal research, 28 (3), 150–155.
- Ji, Z.-Z. and Xu, Y.-C., 2016. Melatonin protects podocytes from angiotensin II-induced injury in an in vitro diabetic nephropathy model. Molecular medicine reports, 14 (1), 920–926.
- Jung, C.H., et al., 2011. Vaspin protects vascular endothelial cells against free fatty acid-induced apoptosis through a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 413 (2), 264–269.
- Jung, C.H., et al., 2012. Vaspin increases nitric oxide bioavailability through the reduction of asymmetric dimethylarginine in vascular endothelial cells. PLoS One, 7 (12), e52346.
- Kadoglou, N.P.E., et al., 2010. Effects of rosiglitazone and metformin treatment on apelin, visfatin, and ghrelin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism clinical and experimental, 59 (3), 373–379.
- Kantar, Ş., et al., 2015. Beneficial effects of melatonin on serum nitric oxide, homocysteine, and ADMA levels in fructose-fed rats. Pharmaceutical biology, 53 (7), 1035–1041.
- Kilic, E., et al., 2004. Prophylactic use of melatonin protects against focal cerebral ischemia in mice: role of endothelin converting enzyme-1. Journal of pineal research, 37 (4), 247–251.
- Kim, J.-Y., et al., 2009. Visfatin through STAT3 activation enhances IL-6 expression that promotes endothelial angiogenesis. Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1793 (11), 1759–1767.
- Klöting, N., et al., 2011. Central vaspin administration acutely reduces food intake and has sustained blood glucose-lowering effects. Diabetologia, 54 (7), 1819–1823.
- Küskü-Kiraz, Z., et al., 2018. Effects of betaine supplementation on nitric oxide metabolism, atherosclerotic parameters, and fatty liver in guinea pigs fed a high cholesterol plus methionine diet. Nutrition, 45, 41–48.
- Laliena, A., et al., 2012. Melatonin attenuates inflammation and promotes regeneration in rabbits with fulminant hepatitis of viral origin. Journal of pineal research, 53 (3), 270–278.
- Landim, M.B.P., et al., 2013. High plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine inhibit ischemic cardioprotection in hypercholesterolemic rats. Brazilian journal of medical and biological research, 46 (5), 454–459.
- Li, H., Horke, S., and Förstermann, U., 2014. Vascular oxidative stress, nitric oxide and atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis, 237 (1), 208–219.
- Li, H., et al., 2013. Vaspin attenuates high glucose-induced vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation and chemokinesis by inhibiting the MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Atherosclerosis, 228 (1), 61–68.
- Lin, Y., et al., 2016. Vaspin attenuates the progression of atherosclerosis by inhibiting ER stress-induced macrophage apoptosis in apoE/ mice. Molecular medicine reports, 13 (2), 1509–1516.
- Lowry, O.H., et al., 1951. Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. The journal of biological chemistry, 193 (1), 265–275.
- Massion, P.B., et al., 2003. Nitric oxide and cardiac function: ten years after, and continuing. Circulation research, 93 (5), 388–398.
- Mattagajasingh, S.N., et al., 2012. Activation of Stat3 in endothelial cells following hypoxia-reoxygenation is mediated by Rac1 and protein Kinase C. Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1823 (5), 997–1006.
- McCormick, M.E., et al., 2011. Platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 regulates endothelial NO synthase activity and localization through signal transducers and activators of transcription 3-dependent NOSTRIN expression. Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology, 31 (3), 643–649.
- Mohammadi-Sartang, M., Ghorbani, M., and Mazloom, Z., 2018. Effects of melatonin supplementation on blood lipid concentrations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clinical nutrition, 37 (6), 1943–1954.
- Moschen, A.R., et al., 2007. Visfatin, an adipocytokine with proinflammatory and immunomodulating properties. Journal of immunology, 178 (3), 1748–1758.
- Ohkawa, H., Ohishi, N., and Yagi, K., 1979. Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Analytical biochemistry, 95 (2), 351–358.
- Orhan, C., et al., 2016. Mesozeaxanthin protects retina from oxidative stress in a rat model. Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics, 32 (9), 631–637.
- Rodella, L.F., et al., 2013. Vascular endothelial cells and dysfunctions: role of melatonin. Frontiers in bioscience, 5, 119–129.
- Rodella, L.F., et al., 2010. Endothelin-1 as a potential marker of melatonin’s therapeutic effects in smoking-induced vasculopathy. Life sciences, 87 (17–18), 558–564.
- Saura, M., et al., 2006. Stat3 Mediates interleukin-6 [correction of interelukin-6] inhibition of human endothelial nitric-oxide synthase expression. The journal of biological chemistry, 281 (40), 30057–30062.
- Sibal, L., et al., 2010. The role of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. Current cardiology reviews, 6 (2), 82–90.
- Stark, G.R. and Darnell, J.E., 2012. The JAK-STAT pathway at twenty. Immunity, 36 (4), 503–514.
- Sun, Y., Oberley, L.W., and Li, Y., 1988. A simple method for clinical assay of superoxide dismutase. Clinical chemistry, 34 (3), 497–500.
- Tain, Y.-L., et al., 2010. Melatonin prevents hypertension and increased asymmetric dimethylarginine in young spontaneous hypertensive rats. Journal of pineal research, 49 (4), 390–398.
- Tanna, N., et al., 2017. The relationship between circulating adiponectin, leptin and vaspin with bone mineral density (BMD), arterial calcification and stiffness: a cross-sectional study in post-menopausal women. Journal of endocrinological investigation, 40 (12), 1345–1353.
- Tousoulis, D., et al., 2012. The role of nitric oxide on endothelial function. Current vascular pharmacology, 10 (1), 4–18.
- Valkonen, V.P., et al., 2001. Risk of acute coronary events and serum concentration of asymmetrical dimethylarginine. Lancet, 358 (9299), 2127–2128.
- Witztum, J.L., 1994. The oxidation hypothesis of atherosclerosis. Lancet, 344 (8925), 793–795.
- Yang, X., et al., 2017. Oxidative stress-mediated atherosclerosis: mechanisms and therapies. Frontiers in physiology, 8. doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00600