Detection of occult atrial fibrillation with 24-hour ECG after cryptogenic acute stroke or transient ischaemic attack: A retrospective cross-sectional study in a primary care database in Israel

References

• Gladstone DJ, Bui E, Fang J, et al. Potentially preventable strokes in high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation who are not adequately anticoagulated. Stroke. 2009;40(1):235–240.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saposnik G, Gladstone D, Raptis R, et al. Atrial fibrillation in ischemic stroke: predicting response to thrombolysis and clinical outcomes. Stroke. 2013;44(1):99–104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Israel CW, Gelder IV, Capucci A, et al. Subclinical atrial fibrillation and the risk of stroke. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:1350–1353.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Camm AJ, Corbucci G, Padeletti L. Usefulness of continuous electrocardiographic monitoring for atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2012;110(2):270–276.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choe WC, Passman RS, Brachmann J, et al. A comparison of atrial fibrillation monitoring strategies after cryptogenic stroke (from the cryptogenic stroke and underlying AF trial). Am J Cardiol. 2015;116;889–893.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gladstone DJ, Spring M, Dorian P, et al. Atrial fibrillation in patients with cryptogenic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(26):2467–2477.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hariri E, Hachem A, Sarkis G, et al. Optimal duration of monitoring for atrial fibrillation in cryptogenic stroke: a nonsystematic review. Biomed Res Int. 2016;2016:5704963.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Afzal MR, Gunda S, Waheed S, et al. Role of outpatient cardiac rhythm monitoring in cryptogenic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2015;38(10):1236–1245.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douen AG, Pageau N, Medic S. Serial electrocardiographic assessments significantly improve detection of atrial fibrillation 2.6-fold in patients with acute stroke. Stroke. 2008;39(2):480–482.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korompoki E, Del Giudice A, Hillmann S, et al. Cardiac monitoring for detection of atrial fibrillation after TIA: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Stroke. 2017;12(1):33–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR, et al. Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2014;45(7):2160–2236.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirchhof P, Benussi S, Kotecha D, et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(38):2893–2962.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bornstein MN, Leker R, Lampl Y, et al. Guidelines for the management of stroke – 2009 [Internet]. Israeli Medical Association (IMA). 2009 [cited 2021 June 20]. Available from: https://www.ima.org.il/userfiles/image/clinical_50_stroke.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Elm EV, Altman DG, Egger M, et al. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. J Clin Epidemiol. 2008;61(4):344–349.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doliwa Sobocinski P, Änggårdh Rooth E, Frykman Kull V, et al. Improved screening for silent atrial fibrillation after ischaemic stroke. Europace. 2012;14(8):1112–1116.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shibazaki K, Kimura K, Fujii S, et al. Brain natriuretic peptide levels as a predictor for new atrial fibrillation during hospitalization in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Am J Cardiol. 2012;109(9):1303–1307.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schuchert A, Behrens G, Meinertz T. Impact of long-term ECG recording on the detection of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in patients after an acute ischemic stroke. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1999;22(7):1082–1084.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alhadramy O, Jeerakathil TJ, Majumdar SR, et al. Prevalence and predictors of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation on Holter monitor in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack. Stroke. 2010;41(11):2596–2600.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manina G, Agnelli G, Becattini C, et al. 96 hours ECG monitoring for patients with ischemic cryptogenic stroke or transient ischaemic attack. Intern Emerg Med. 2014;9(1):65–67.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chugh SS, Blackshear JL, Shen WK, et al. Epidemiology and natural history of atrial fibrillation: clinical implications. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;37(2):371–378.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kannel WB, Abbott RD, Savage DD, et al. Epidemiologic features of chronic atrial fibrillation: the Framingham study. N Engl J Med. 1982;306(17):1018–1022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watanabe H, Watanabe T, Sasaki S, et al. Close bidirectional relationship between chronic kidney disease and atrial fibrillation: the Niigata preventive medicine study. Am Heart J. 2009;158(4):629–636.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanna T, Diener HC, Passman RS, et al. Cryptogenic stroke and underlying atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(26):2478–2486.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Israel C, Kitsiou A, Kalyani M, et al. Detection of atrial fibrillation in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source by prolonged monitoring with implantable loop recorders. Thromb Haemost. 2017;117(10):1962–1969.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milstein NS, Musat DL, Allred J, et al. Detection of atrial fibrillation using an implantable loop recorder following cryptogenic stroke: implications for post-stroke electrocardiographic monitoring. J Interv Card Electrophysiol. 2020;57(1):141–147.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wasserlauf J, You C, Patel R, et al. Smartwatch performance for the detection and quantification of atrial fibrillation. Circ Arrhythmia Electrophysiol. 2019;12(6);e006834.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Narasimha D, Hanna N, Beck H, et al. Validation of a smartphone-based event recorder for arrhythmia detection. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2018;41(5):487–494.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dörr M, Nohturfft V, Brasier N, et al. The WATCH AF Trial: smartWATCHes for detection of atrial fibrillation. JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2019;5(2):199–208.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kaasenbrood F, Hollander M, de Bruijn SHM, et al. Opportunistic screening versus usual care for diagnosing atrial fibrillation in general practice: a cluster randomised controlled trial. Br J Gen Pract. 2020;70(695):E427–E433.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uittenbogaart SB, Verbiest-Van Gurp N, Lucassen WAM, et al. Opportunistic screening versus usual care for detection of atrial fibrillation in primary care: cluster randomised controlled trial. Br Med J. 2020;370:1–9.
   Google Scholar