Preliminary investigation of the Kitchen Picture Test (KPT): A new screening test of practical judgment for older adults

REFERENCES

• Alexopoulos, G. S., Abrams, R. C., Young, R. C., & Shamoian, C. A. (1988). Cornell scale for depression in dementia. Biological Psychiatry, 23(3), 271–284. doi:10.1016/0006-3223(88)90038-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Educational Research Association, American Psychological Association & National Council on Measurement in Education. (1999). Standards for educational and psychological testing. Washington, DC: American Educational Research Association, American Psychological Association, & National Council on Measurement in Education.
   Google Scholar
• Bearden, W. O., & Netemeyer, R. G. (1998). Handbook of marketing scales: Multi-item measures for marketing and consumer behavior research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Bell-McGinty, S., Podell, K., Franzen, M., Baird, A. D., & Williams, M. J. (2002). Standard measures of executive function in predicting instrumental activities of daily living in older adults. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 17(9), 828–834. doi:10.1002/gps.646
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Birmingham, J. (2009). Patient choice in the discharge planning process. Professional Case Management, 14(6), 296–309. doi:10.1097/NCM.0b013e3181c3d3c5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Boyle, L. L., Richardson, T. M., He, H., Xia, Y., Tu, X., Boustani, M., & Conwell, Y. (2011). How do the PHQ-2, the PHQ-9 perform in aging services clients with cognitive impairment? International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 26(9), 952–960. doi:10.1002/gps.2632
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burrows, A. B., Morris, J. N., Simon, S. E., Hirdes, J. P., & Phillips, C. (2000). Development of a minimum data set-based depression rating scale for use in nursing homes. Age and Ageing, 29(2), 165–172. doi:10.1093/ageing/29.2.165
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cahn-Weiner, D. A., Boyle, P. A., & Malloy, P. F. (2002). Tests of executive function predict instrumental activities of daily living in community-dwelling older individuals. Applied Neuropsychology, 9(3), 187–191. doi:10.1207/S15324826AN0903_8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cahn-Weiner, D. A., Malloy, P. F., Boyle, P. A., Marran, M., & Salloway, S. (2000). Prediction of functional status from neuropsychological tests in community-dwelling elderly individuals. The Clinical Neuropsychologist (Neuropsychology, Development and Cognition: Section D), 14(2), 187–195. doi:10.1076/1385-4046(200005)14:2;1-Z;FT187
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. (2013, January 31). CMS national partnership to improve dementia care in nursing homes national provider call. Retrieved from http://www.cms.gov/Outreach-and-Education/Outreach/NPC/National-Provider-Calls-and-Events-Items/2013-01-31-Dementia-Care-.html
   Google Scholar
• Chiang, K. S., Green, K. E., & Cox, E. O. (2009). Rasch analysis of the geriatric depression scale-short form. The Gerontologist, 49(2), 262–275. doi:10.1093/geront/gnp018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chodosh, J., Edelen, M. O., Buchanan, J. L., Yosef, J. A., Ouslander, J. G., Berlowitz, D. R., … Saliba, D. (2008). Nursing home assessment of cognitive impairment: Development and testing of a brief instrument of mental status. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 56(11), 2069–2075. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2008.01944.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Craen, A. J., Heeren, T. J., & Gussekloo, J. (2003). Accuracy of the 15-item geriatric depression scale (GDS-15) in a community sample of the oldest old. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 18(1), 63–66. doi:10.1002/gps.773
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duke, L. M., & Kaszniak, A. W. (2000). Executive control functions in degenerative dementias: A comparative review. Neuropsychology Review, 10(2), 75–99. doi:10.1023/A:1009096603879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fogel, B. S., Brock, D., Goldsheider, F., & Royall, D. (1994). Cognitive dysfunction and the need for long-term care: Implications for public policy. Washington, DC: American Association for Retired Persons.
   Google Scholar
• Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975). “Mini-mental state”. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12(3), 189–198. doi:10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forkmann, T., Gauggel, S., Spangenberg, L., Brähler, E., & Glaesmer, H. (2013). Dimensional assessment of depressive severity in the elderly general population: Psychometric evaluation of the PHQ-9 using Rasch analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 148(2–3), 323–330. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2012.12.019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galvin, J. E., Fagan, A. M., Holtzman, D. M., Mintun, M. A., & Morris, J. C. (2010). Relationship of dementia screening tests with biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease. Brain: A Journal of Neurology, 133(11), 3290–3300. doi:10.1093/brain/awq204
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galvin, J. E., Roe, C. M., Coats, M. A., & Morris, J. C. (2007). Patient’s rating of cognitive ability using the AD8, a brief informant interview, as a self-rating tool to detect dementia. Archives of Neurology, 64(5), 725–730. doi:10.1001/archneur.64.5.725
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galvin, J. E., Roe, C. M., Powlishta, K. K., Coats, M. A., Muich, S. J., Grant, E., … Morris, J. C. (2005). The AD8: A brief informant interview to detect dementia. Neurology, 65(4), 559–564. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000172958.95282.2a
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galvin, J. E., Roe, C. M., Xiong, C., & Morris, J. C. (2006). Validity and reliability of the AD8 informant interview in dementia. Neurology, 67(11), 1942–1948. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000247042.15547.eb
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerety, M. B., Williams, J. W., Mulrow, C. D., Cornell, J. E., Kadri, A. A., Rosenberg, J., & Long, M. (1994). Performance of case-finding tools for depression in the nursing home: Influence of clinical and functional characteristics and selection of optimal threshold scores. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 42(10), 1103–1109.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamilton, M. (1960). A rating scale for depression. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, & Psychiatry, 23(1), 56–62. doi:10.1136/jnnp.23.1.56
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jefferson, A. L., Paul, R. H., Ozonoff, A., & Cohen, R. A. (2006). Evaluating elements of executive functioning as predictors of instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 21(4), 311–320. doi:10.1016/j.acn.2006.03.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karlawish, J. H., Casarett, D. J., James, B. D., Xie, S. X., & Kim, S. Y. (2005). The ability of persons with Alzheimer disease (AD) to make a decision about taking an AD treatment. Neurology, 64(9), 1514–1519. doi:10.1212/01.WNL.0000160000.01742.9D
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kieffer, K. M., & Reese, R. J. (2002). A reliability generalization study of the geriatric depression scale. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 62(6), 969–994. doi:10.1177/0013164402238085
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kliegel, M., Zimprich, D., & Eschen, A. (2005). What do subjective cognitive complaints in persons with aging-associated cognitive decline reflect? International Psychogeriatrics, 17(3), 499–512. doi:10.1017/S1041610205001638
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knopman, D., Boland, L. L., Mosley, T., Howard, G., Liao, D., Szklo, M., & Folsom, A. R. (2001). Cardiovascular risk factors and cognitive decline in middle-aged adults. Neurology, 56(1), 42–48. doi:10.1212/WNL.56.1.42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kokmen, E., Naessens, J. M., & Offord, K. P. (1987). A short test of mental status: Description and preliminary results. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 62(4), 281–288. doi:10.1016/S0025-6196(12)61905-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kokmen, E., Smith, G. E., Petersen, R. C., Tangalos, E., & Ivnik, R. J. (1991). The short test of mental status: Correlations with standardized psychometric testing. Archives of Neurology, 48(7), 725–728. doi:10.1001/archneur.1991.00530190071018
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. B. W. (2004). The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severity measure. Journal of Internal Medicine, 16(19), doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.009606.x
   Google Scholar
• Lewis, M. S., & Miller, L. S. (2007). Executive control functioning and functional ability in older adults. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 21(2), 274–285. doi:10.1080/13854040500519752
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lezak, M. D. (1995). Neuropsychological assessment (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Loeb, P. A. (1996). Independent living scales (ILS) manual. San Antonia, TX: Psychological Corporation.
   Google Scholar
• MacDougall, E. E., & Mansbach, W. E. (2013). The Judgment test of the neuropsychological assessment battery (NAB): Psychometric considerations in an assisted living sample. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 27(5), 827–839. doi:10.1080/13854046.2013.786759
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mansbach, W. E., MacDougall, E. E., & Rosenzweig, A. S. (2012). The brief cognitive assessment tool (BCAT): A new test emphasizing contextual memory, executive functions, attentional capacity, and the prediction of instrumental activities of daily living. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 34(2), 183–194. doi:10.1080/13803395.2011.630649
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marson, D. C., & Harrell, L. E. (1999). Neurocognitive changes associated with loss of capacity to consent to medical treatment in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. In D. C. Park, R. E. W. Morrell, & K. Shifren (Eds.), Processing of medical information in aging patients: Cognition and human factors perspectives (pp. 109–126). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Morris, J. C. (1993). The clinical dementia rating (CDR): Current version and scoring rules. Neurology, 43(11), 2412–2414. doi:10.1212/WNL.43.11.2412-A
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Center for Health Statistics. (2002). Classification of diseases and injuries. Retrieved from ftp://ftp.cdc.gov/pub/Health_Statistics/NCHS/Publications/ICD-9/ucod.txt
   Google Scholar
• Northern California Neurobehavioral Group, Inc. (1988). Manual for the neurobehavioral cognitive status exam. Fairfax, CA: Northern California Neurobehavioral Group.
   Google Scholar
• Nunnally, J., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Phillips, L. J. (2012). Measuring symptoms of depression: Comparing the Cornell scale for depression in dementia and the patient health questionnaire-9-observation version. Research in Gerontological Nursing, 5(1), 34–42. doi:10.3928/19404921-20111206-03
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rabin, L. A., Borgos, M. J., & Saykin, A. J. (2008). A survey of neuropsychologists’ practices and perspectives regarding the assessment of judgment ability. Applied Neuropsychology, 15(4), 264–273. doi:10.1080/09084280802325090
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rabin, L. A., Borgos, M. J., Saykin, A. J., Wishart, H. A., Crane, P. K., Nutter-Upham, K. E., & Flashman, L. A. (2007). Judgment in older adults: Development and psychometric evaluation of the Test of Practical Judgment (TOP-J). Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 29(7), 752–767. doi:10.1080/13825580601025908
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ricker, J. H., Axelrod, B. N., & Houtler, B. D. (1996). Clinical validation of the oral trail making test. Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology, and Behavioral Neurology, 9(1), 50–53.
   Google Scholar
• Saliba, D., Buchanan, J., Edelen, M. O., Streim, J., Ouslander, J., Berlowitz, D., & Chodosh, J. (2012). MDS 3.0: Brief interview for mental status. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 13(7), 611–617. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2012.06.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saliba, D., DiFilippo, S., Edelen, M. O., Kroenke, K., Buchanan, J., & Streim, J. (2012). Testing the PHQ-9 interview and observational versions (PHQ-9 OV) for MDS 3.0. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 13(7), 618–625. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2012.06.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheikh, J. I., & Yesavage, J. A. (1986). Geriatric depression scale (GDS): Recent evidence and development of a shorter version Clinical Gerontology: A guide to assessment and intervention. New York, NY: The Haworth Press.
   Google Scholar
• Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., & Williams, J. B. (1999). Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD the PHQ primary care study. Journal of the American Medical Association, 282(18), 1737–1744. doi:10.1001/JAMA.282.18.1737
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stern, R. A., & White, T. (2003). Neuropsychological assessment battery. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
   Google Scholar
• Teng, E. L., & Chui, H. C. (1987). The modified mini-mental state (3MS) examination. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 48(8), 314–318.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaughan, L., & Giovanello, K. (2010). Executive function in daily life: Age-related influences of executive processes on instrumental activities of daily living. Psychology and Aging, 25(2), 343–355. doi:10.1037/a0017729
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vida, S., Des Rosiers, P., Carrier, L., & Gauthier, S. (1994). Depression in Alzheimer’s disease: Receiver operating characteristic analysis of the Cornell scale for depression in dementia and the Hamilton depression scale. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 7(3), 159–162.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White, T., & Stern, R. A. (2003). Neuropsychological assessment battery: Psychometric and technical manual. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
   Google Scholar
• Woods, D. C., Patterson, M. B., & Whitehouse, P. J. (2000). Utility of the judgment questionnaire subtest of the neurobehavioral cognitive status examination in the evaluation of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease. Clinical Gerontologist, 21(4), 49–66. doi:10.1300/J018v21n04_05
   Google Scholar