Working memory in healthy aging and in Parkinson’s disease: evidence of interference effects

References

• Appollonio, I., Leone, M., Isella, V., Piamarta, F., Consoli, T., Villa, M. L., & Nichelli, P. (2005). The frontal assessment battery (FAB): Normative values in an Italian population sample. Neurological Sciences, 26(2), 108–116. doi:10.1007/s10072-005-0443-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Babcock, R. L., & Salthouse, T. A. (1990). Effects of increased processing demands on age differences in working memory. Psychology and Aging, 5(3), 421–428. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.5.3.421
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baddeley, A. D. (1986). Working memory. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Baddeley, A. D. (1992). Working memory. Science, 255(5044), 556–559. doi:10.1126/science.1736359
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baddeley, A. D. (2000). The episodic buffer: A new component of working memory? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4(11), 417–423. doi:10.1016/S1364-6613(00)01538-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baddeley, A. D., & Hitch, G. (1974). Working memory. The Psychology of Learning and Motivation, 8, 47–89.
   Google Scholar
• Bopp, K. L., & Verhaeghen, P. (2005). Aging and verbal memory span: A meta-analysis. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 60(5), P223–P233. doi:10.1093/geronb/60.5.P223
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bopp, K. L., & Verhaeghen, P. (2007). Age-related differences in control processes in verbal and visuospatial working memory: Storage, transformation, supervision, and coordination. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 62(5), P239–P246. doi:10.1093/geronb/62.5.P239
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braver, T., & West, R. (2008). Working memory, executive control, and aging. In F. I. M. Craik & T. A. Salthouse (Eds.), The handbook of aging and cognition (3rd ed., pp. 311–372). New York, NY: Psychology Press.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, J. (1958). Some tests of the decay theory of immediate memory. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 10(1), 12–21. doi:10.1080/17470215808416249
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cherubini, P., Burigo, M., & Bricolo, E. (2006). Inference-driven attention in symbolic and perceptual tasks: Biases toward expected and unexpected inputs. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 59(3), 597–624. doi:10.1080/02724980443000863
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cherubini, P., Mazzocco, A., & Minelli, S. (2007). Facilitation and inhibition caused by the orienting of attention in propositional reasoning tasks. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 60(11), 1496–1523. doi:10.1080/17470210601066103
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chun, M. M. (2011). Visual working memory as visual attention sustained internally over time. Neuropsychologia, 49(6), 1407–1409. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.01.029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper, J. A., Sagar, H. J., Jordan, N., Harvey, N. S., & Sullivan, E. V. (1991). Cognitive impairment in early, untreated Parkinson’s disease and its relationship to motor disability. Brain, 114(5), 2095–2122. doi:10.1093/brain/114.5.2095
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costa, A., Peppe, A., Dell’Agnello, G., Carlesimo, G. A., Murri, L., Bonuccelli, U., & Caltagirone, C. (2003). Dopaminergic modulation of visual-spatial working memory in Parkinson’s disease. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 15(2), 55–66. doi:10.1159/000067968
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Carli, C. (2003). Mild cognitive impairment: Prevalence, prognosis, aetiology, and treatment. The Lancet Neurology, 2(1), 15–21. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(03)00262-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dubois, B., Slachevsky, A., Litvan, I., & Pillon, B. (2000). The FAB: A frontal assessment battery at bedside. Neurology, 55(11), 1621–1626. doi:10.1212/WNL.55.11.1621
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eriksen, B. A., & Eriksen, C. W. (1974). Effects of noise letters upon the identification of a target letter in a nonsearch task. Perception & Psychophysics, 16(1), 143–149. doi:10.3758/BF03203267
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans, J. S. B., & Handley, S. J. (1999). The role of negation in conditional inference. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Section A, 52(3), 739–769. doi:10.1080/713755834
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fahn, S., Elton, R. L., & UPDRS Program Members. (1987). Unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale. In S. Fahn, C. D. Marsden, M. Goldstein, & D. B. Calne(Eds.), Recent developments in Parkinson’s disease Vol. 2153–163, 293–304. Florham Park, NJ:Macmillan Healthcare Information
   Google Scholar
• Folstein, M. F., Folstein, S. E., & McHugh, P. R. (1975). “Mini-mental state”: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12(3), 189–198. doi:10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fournet, N., Moreaud, O., Roulin, J. L., Naegele, B., & Pellat, J. (1996). Working memory in medicated patients with Parkinson’s disease: The central executive seems to work. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 60(3), 313–317. doi:10.1136/jnnp.60.3.313
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fournet, N., Moreaud, O., Roulin, J. L., Naegele, B., & Pellat, J. (2000). Working memory functioning in medicated Parkinson’s disease patients and the effect of withdrawal of dopaminergic medication. Neuropsychology, 14(2), 247–253. doi:10.1037/0894-4105.14.2.247
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gabrieli, J. D., Singh, J., Stebbins, G. T., & Goetz, C. G. (1996). Reduced working memory span in Parkinson’s disease: Evidence for the role of frontostriatal system in working and strategic memory. Neuropsychology, 10(3), 322. doi:10.1037/0894-4105.10.3.321
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goetz, C. G., Poewe, W., Rascol, O., Sampaio, C., Stebbins, G. T., Counsell, C., & Yahr, M. D. (2004). Movement disorder society task force report on the Hoehn and Yahr staging scale: Status and recommendations the movement disorder society task force on rating scales for Parkinson’s disease. Movement Disorders, 19(9), 1020–1028. doi:10.1002/mds.20213
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1995). Architecture of the prefrontal cortex and the central executive. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 769(1), 71–84. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb38132.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graham, J. E., Rockwood, K., Beattie, B. L., Eastwood, R., Gauthier, S., Tuokko, H., & McDowell, I. (1997). Prevalence and severity of cognitive impairment with and without dementia in an elderly population. The Lancet, 349(9068), 1793–1796. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(97)01007-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoehn, M. M., & Yahr, M. D. (1967). Parkinsonism: Onset, progression and mortality. Neurology, 17, 427–442. doi:10.1212/WNL.17.5.427
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes, A. J., Daniel, S. E., Kilford, L., & Lees, A. J. (1992). Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease: A clinico-pathological study of 100 cases. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 55(3), 181–184. doi:10.1136/jnnp.55.3.181
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kehagia, A. A., Barker, R. A., & Robbins, T. W. (2010). Neuropsychological and clinical heterogeneity of cognitive impairment and dementia in patients with Parkinson’s disease. The Lancet Neurology, 9(12), 1200–1213. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70212-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiyonaga, A., & Egner, T. (2014). The working memory stroop effect: When internal representations clash with external stimuli. Psychological Science, 25(8), 1619–1629. doi:10.1177/0956797614536739
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klauer, K. C., & Oberauer, K. (1995). Testing the mental model theory of propositional reasoning. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 48(3), 671–687. doi:10.1080/14640749508401410
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Koerts, J., Tucha, L., Leenders, K. L., Van Beilen, M., Brouwer, W. H., & Tucha, O. (2011). Subjective and objective assessment of executive functions in Parkinson’s disease. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 310(1), 172–175. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2011.07.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lange, K. W., Robbins, T. W., Marsden, C. D., James, M., Owen, A. M., & Paul, G. M. (1992). L-dopa withdrawal in Parkinson’s disease selectively impairs cognitive performance in tests sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction. Psychopharmacology, 107(2–3), 394–404. doi:10.1007/BF02245167
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis, S. J., Slabosz, A., Robbins, T. W., Barker, R. A., & Owen, A. M. (2005). Dopaminergic basis for deficits in working memory but not attentional set-shifting in Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychologia, 43(6), 823–832. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.10.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma, W. J., Husain, M., & Bays, P. M. (2014). Changing concepts of working memory. Nature Neuroscience, 17(3), 347–356. doi:10.1038/nn.3655
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marini, P., Ramat, S., Ginestroni, A., & Paganini, M. (2003). Deficit of short-term memory in newly diagnosed untreated parkinsonian patients: Reversal after L-dopa therapy. Neurological Sciences, 24(3), 184–185. doi:10.1007/s10072-003-0121-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miyake, A., & Shah, P. (1999). Models of working memory: Mechanisms of active maintenance and executive control. New York: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mondini, S., Mapelli, D., Vestri, A., Arcara, G., & Bisiacchi, P. S. (2011). Esame neuropsicologico breve 2. Milano: Raffaello Cortina.
   Google Scholar
• Moustafa, A. A., Sherman, S. J., & Frank, M. J. (2008). A dopaminergic basis for working memory, learning and attentional shifting in Parkinsonism. Neuropsychologia, 46(13), 3144–3156. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.07.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Owen, A. M. (2004). Cognitive dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease: The role of frontostriatal circuitry. The Neuroscientist, 10(6), 525–537. doi:10.1177/1073858404266776
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Owen, A. M., Iddon, J. L., Hodges, J. R., Summers, B. A., & Robbins, T. W. (1997). Spatial and non-spatial working memory at different stages of Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychologia, 35(4), 519–532. doi:10.1016/S0028-3932(96)00101-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Owen, A. M., Sahakian, B. J., Hodges, J. R., Summers, B. A., Polkey, C. E., & Robbins, T. W. (1995). Dopamine-dependent frontostriatal planning deficits in early Parkinson’s disease. Neuropsychology, 9(1), 126. doi:10.1037/0894-4105.9.1.126
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peterson, L., & Peterson, M. J. (1959). Short-term retention of individual verbal items. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58(3), 193. doi:10.1037/h0049234
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Petrides, M. (1994). Frontal lobes and working memory: Evidence from investigations of the effects of cortical excisions in nonhuman primates. In F. Boller & J. Grafman (Eds.), Handbook of Neuropsychology (Vol. 9, pp. 59–82). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Poewe, W., Berger, W., Benke, T. H., & Schelosky, L. (1991). High‐speed memory scanning in Parkmson’s disease: Adverse effects of levodopa. Annals of Neurology, 29(6), 670–673. doi:10.1002/(ISSN)1531-8249
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ranganath, C. (2006). Working memory for visual objects: Complementary roles of inferior temporal, medial temporal, and prefrontal cortex. Neuroscience, 139(1), 277–289. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.06.092
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rasmussen, J. (1982). Human errors. A taxonomy for describing human malfunction in industrial installations. Journal of Occupational Accidents, 4(2), 311–333. doi:10.1016/0376-6349(82)90041-4
   Google Scholar
• Reason, J. (1990). Human error. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Reuter-Lorenz, P. A., & Sylvester, C. C. (2005). The cognitive Neuroscience of working memory and aging. In R. Cabeza, L. Nyberg, & D. Park (Eds.), Cognitive neuroscience of aging: Linking cognitive and cerebral aging (pp. 186–217). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Reverberi, C., Pischedda, D., Burigo, M., & Cherubini, P. (2012). Deduction without awareness. Acta Psychologica, 139(1), 244–253. doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2011.09.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sander, M. C., Lindenberger, U., & Werkle-Bergner, M. (2012). Lifespan age differences in working memory: A two-component framework. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 36(9), 2007–2033. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.06.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, E. E., & Jonides, J. (1999). Storage and executive processes in the frontal lobes. Science, 283(5408), 1657–1661. doi:10.1126/science.283.5408.1657
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stebbins, G. T., Gabrieli, J. D., Masciari, F., Monti, L., & Goetz, C. G. (1999). Delayed recognition memory in Parkinsons disease: A role for working memory?. Neuropsychologia, 37(4), 503–510. doi:10.1016/S0028-3932(98)00068-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stroop, J. R. (1935). Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18(6), 643–662. doi:10.1037/h0054651
   Google Scholar
• Uitvlugt, M. G., Pleskac, T. J., & Ravizza, S. M. (2015). The nature of working memory gating in Parkinson’s disease: A multi-domain signal detection examination. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 16(2), 289–301.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, T., Ren, X., Li, X., & Schweizer, K. (2015). The modeling of temporary storage and its effect on fluid intelligence: Evidence from both Brown–Peterson and complex span tasks. Intelligence, 49, 84–93. doi:10.1016/j.intell.2015.01.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wason, P. C. (1959). The processing of positive and negative information. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 11(2), 92–107. doi:10.1080/17470215908416296
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zokaei, N., Burnett Heyes, S., Gorgoraptis, N., Budhdeo, S., & Husain, M. (2015). Working memory recall precision is a more sensitive index than span. Journal of Neuropsychology, 9(2), 319–329. doi:10.1111/jnp.2015.9.issue-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar