Time-of-day affects prospective memory differently in younger and older adults

References

• Anderson, J. A. E., Campbell, K. L., Amer, T., Grady, C. L., & Hasher, L. (2014). Timing is everything: Age differences in the cognitive control network are modulated by time of day. Psychology and Aging, 29(3), 648–657. doi:10.1037/a0037243
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ball, B. H., Brewer, G. A., Loft, S., & Bowden, V. (2014). Uncovering continuous and transient monitoring profiles in event-based prospective memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 22(2), 492–499. doi:10.3758/s13423-014-0700-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balota, D. A., Burgess, G. C., Cortese, M. J., & Adams, D. R. (2002). The word-frequency mirror effect in young, old, and early-stage Alzheimer’s disease: Evidence for two processes in episodic recognition performance. Journal of Memory and Language, 46(1), 199–226. doi:10.1006/jmla.2001.2803
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blatter, K., & Cajochen, C. (2007). Circadian rhythms in cognitive performance: Methodological constraints, protocols, theoretical underpinnings. Physiology & Behavior, 90(2–3), 196–208. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.09.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brandimonte, M. A., & Passolunghi, M. C. (1994). The effect of cue-familiarity, cue-distinctiveness, and retention interval on prospective remembering. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A: Human Experimental Psychology, 47(3), 565–587. doi:10.1080/14640749408401128
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cicogna, P. C., & Nigro, G. (1998). Influence of importance of intention on prospective memory performance. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 87(3 suppl), 1387–1392. doi:10.2466/pms.1998.87.3f.1387
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diekelmann, S., Wilhelm, I., Wagner, U., & Born, J. (2013). Sleep to implement an intention. Sleep, 36(1), 149–153. doi:10.5665/sleep.2322
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Einstein, G. O., McDaniel, M. A., Richardson, S. L., Guynn, M. J., & Cunfer, A. R. (1995). Aging and prospective memory: Examining the influences of self-initiated retrieval processes. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21(4), 996–1007. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.21.4.996
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Einstein, G. O., McDaniel, M. A., Thomas, R., Mayfield, S., Shank, H., Morrisette, N., & Breneiser, J. (2005). Multiple processes in prospective memory retrieval: Factors determining monitoring versus spontaneous retrieval. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 134(3), 327–342. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.134.3.327
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fabbri, M., Tonetti, L., Martoni, M., & Natale, V. (2015). Remember to do: Insomnia versus control groups in a prospective memory task. Behavioral Sleep Medicine, 13(3), 231–240. doi:10.1080/15402002.2013.860896
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldstein, D., Hahn, C. S., Hasher, L., Wiprzycka, U. J., & Zelazo, P. D. (2007). Time of day, intellectual performance, and behavioral problems in Morning versus Evening type adolescents: Is there a synchrony effect? Personality and Individual Differences, 42(3), 431–440. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2006.07.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graf, P. (2005). Prospective memory retrieval revisited. In N. Ohta, C. M. MacLeod, & B. Uttl (Eds.), Dynamic cognitive processes (pp. 305–332). Tokyo: Springer-Verlag. Retrieved from http://www.springerlink.com/content/h85p897828626554/
   Google Scholar
• Griefahn, B., Künemund, C., Bröde, P., & Mehnert, P. (2001). Zur Validität der deutschen Übersetzung des Morningness-Eveningness-Questionnaires von Horne und [The validity of the German version of the morningness-eveningness-questionnaire developed by Horne and Östberg] Östberg. Somnologie, 5(2), 71–80. doi:10.1046/j.1439-054X.2001.01149.x
   Google Scholar
• Grundgeiger, T., Bayen, U. J., & Horn, S. S. (2014). Effects of sleep deprivation on prospective memory. Memory, 22(6), 679–686. doi:10.1080/09658211.2013.812220
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hager, W., & Hasselhorn, M. (Eds.). (1994). Handbuch deutschsprachiger Wortnormen [Handbook of German word norms]. Göttigen: Hogrefe.
   Google Scholar
• Hahn, C., Cowell, J. M., Wiprzycka, U. J., Goldstein, D., Ralph, M., Hasher, L., & Zelazo, P. D. (2012). Circadian rhythms in executive function during the transition to adolescence: The effect of synchrony between chronotype and time of day. Developmental Science, 15(3), 408–416. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2012.01137.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horne, J. A., & Ostberg, O. (1976). A self-assessment questionnaire to determine morningness-eveningness in human circadian rhythms. International Journal of Chronobiology, 4(2), 97–110.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Intons-Peterson, M. J., Rocchi, P., West, T., McLellan, K., & Hackney, A. (1998). Aging, optimal testing times, and negative priming. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 24(2), 362–376. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.24.2.362
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Intons-Peterson, M. J., Rocchi, P., West, T., McLellan, K., & Hackney, A. (1999). Age, testing at preferred or nonpreferred times (Testing Optimality), and false memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition, 25(1), 23–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kliegel, M., Guynn, M. J., & Zimmer, H. (2007). The role of noticing in prospective memory forgetting. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 64(3), 226–232. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2006.09.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehmann, C. A., Marks, A. D. G., & Hanstock, T. L. (2013). Age and synchrony effects in performance on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test. International Psychogeriatrics, 25(4), 657–665. doi:10.1017/S1041610212002013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leirer, V. O., Tanke, E. D., & Morrow, D. G. (1994). Time of day and naturalistic prospective memory. Experimental Aging Research, 20(2), 127–134. doi:10.1080/03610739408253958
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lourenço, J. S., & Maylor, E. A. (2015). When distraction holds relevance: A prospective memory benefit for older adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12(6), 6523–6541. doi:10.3390/ijerph120606523
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh, R. L., Hicks, J. L., Cook, G. I., Hansen, J. S., & Pallos, A. L. (2003). Interference to ongoing activities covaries with the characteristics of an event-based intention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 29(5), 861–870. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.29.5.861
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marsh, R. L., Hicks, J. L., & Watson, V. (2002). The dynamics of intention retrieval and coordination of action in event-based prospective memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 28(4), 652–659. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.28.4.652
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• May, C. P. (1999). Synchrony effects in cognition: The costs and a benefit. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 6(1), 142–147. doi:10.3758/BF03210822
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• May, C. P., & Hasher, L. (1998). Synchrony effects in inhibitory control over thought and action. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 24(2), 363–379.
   Google Scholar
• May, C. P., Hasher, L., & Foong, N. (2005). Implicit memory, age, and time of day. Psychological Science, 16(2), 96–100. doi:10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.00788.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• May, C. P., Hasher, L., & Stoltzfus, E. R. (1993). Optimal time of day and the magnitude of age differences in memory. Psychological Science, 4(5), 326–330. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1993.tb00573.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maylor, E. A. (1996). Does prospective memory decline with age? In M. Brandimonte, G. O. Einstein, & M. A. McDaniel (Eds.), Prospective memory : Theory and applications (pp. 173–197). Mahwah, N.J.: L. Erlbaum. Retrieved from http://webcat.warwick.ac.uk/record=b1170925~S15
   Google Scholar
• McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (2000). Strategic and automatic processes in prospective memory retrieval: A multiprocess framework. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14(7), S127–S144. doi:10.1002/acp.775
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDaniel, M. A., & Einstein, G. O. (2007). Prospective memory: An overview and synthesis of an emerging field (1st ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Meier, B., & Graf, P. (2000). Transfer appropriate processing for prospective memory tests. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14(7), S11–27. doi:10.1002/acp.768
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meier, B., & Rey-Mermet, A. (2012). Beyond monitoring: After-effects of responding to prospective memory targets. Consciousness and Cognition, 21(4), 1644–1653. doi:10.1016/j.concog.2012.09.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meier, B., Rey-Mermet, A., Rothen, N., & Graf, P. (2013). Recognition memory across the lifespan: The impact of word frequency and study-test interval on estimates of familiarity and recollection. Frontiers in Cognition, 4, 787. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00787
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meier, B., Von Wartburg, P., Matter, S., Rothen, N., & Reber, R. (2011). Performance predictions improve prospective memory and influence retrieval experience. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Expérimentale, 65(1), 12–18. doi:10.1037/a0022784
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meier, B., & Zimmermann, T. D. (2015). Loads and loads and loads: The influence of prospective load, retrospective load, and ongoing task load in prospective memory. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 322. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00322
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meier, B., Zimmermann, T. D., & Perrig, W. J. (2006). Retrieval experience in prospective memory: Strategic monitoring and spontaneous retrieval. Memory, 14(7), 872–889. doi:10.1080/09658210600783774
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray, G., Nicholas, C. L., Kleiman, J., Dwyer, R., Carrington, M. J., Allen, N. B., & Trinder, J. (2009). Nature’s clocks and human mood: The circadian system modulates reward motivation. Emotion, 9(5), 705–716. doi:10.1037/a0017080
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nyberg, L., Lövdén, M., Riklund, K., Lindenberger, U., & Bäckman, L. (2012). Memory aging and brain maintenance. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16(5), 292–305. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2012.04.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paradee, C. V., Rapport, L. J., Hanks, R. A., & Levy, J. A. (2005). Circadian preference and cognitive functioning among rehabilitation inpatients. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 19(1), 55–72. doi:10.1080/13854040490524173
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramírez, C., García, A., & Valdez, P. (2012). Identification of circadian rhythms in cognitive inhibition and flexibility using a Stroop task. Sleep and Biological Rhythms, 10(2), 136–144. doi:10.1111/j.1479-8425.2012.00540.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramírez, C., Talamantes, J., García, A., Morales, M., Valdez, P., & Menna-Barreto, L. (2006). Circadian rhythms in phonological and visuospatial storage components of working memory. Biological Rhythm Research, 37(5), 433–441. doi:10.1080/09291010600870404
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rothen, N., & Meier, B. (2014). Psychophysiology of prospective memory. Memory, 22(7), 867–880. doi:10.1080/09658211.2013.847106
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rowe, G., Hasher, L., & Turcotte, J. (2009). Age and synchrony effects in visuospatial working memory. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 62(10), 1873–1880. doi:10.1080/17470210902834852
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rummel, J., & Meiser, T. (2013). The role of metacognition in prospective memory: Anticipated task demands influence attention allocation strategies. Consciousness and Cognition, 22(3), 931–943. doi:10.1016/j.concog.2013.06.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salthouse, T. A., Atkinson, T. M., & Berish, D. E. (2003). Executive functioning as a potential mediator of age-related cognitive decline in normal adults. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 132(4), 566–594. doi:10.1037/009-3445.132.4.566
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt, C., Collette, F., Cajochen, C., & Peigneux, P. (2007). A time to think: Circadian rhythms in human cognition. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 24(7), 755–789. doi:10.1080/02643290701754158
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scullin, M. K., & McDaniel, M. A. (2010). Remembering to execute a goal: Sleep on it! Psychological Science, 21(7), 1028–1035. doi:10.1177/0956797610373373
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scullin, M. K., McDaniel, M. A., & Shelton, J. T. (2013). The Dynamic Multiprocess Framework: Evidence from prospective memory with contextual variability. Cognitive Psychology, 67(1–2), 55–71. doi:10.1016/j.cogpsych.2013.07.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, R. E. (2003). The cost of remembering to remember in event-based prospective memory: Investigating the capacity demands of delayed intention performance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 29(3), 347–361. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.29.3.347
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uttl, B. (2008). Transparent meta-analysis of prospective memory and aging. PLoS ONE, 3(2), e1568. doi:10.1371/2Fjournal.pone.0001568
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uttl, B. (2011). Transparent meta-analysis: Does aging spare prospective memory with focal vs. Non-focal cues? Plos One, 6(2), e16618. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016618
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walter, S., & Meier, B. (2014). How important is importance for prospective memory? A review. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 657. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00657
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walter, S., & Meier, B. (2016). The impact of absolute importance and processing overlaps on prospective memory performance. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 30(2), 170-177. doi:10.1002/acp.3174
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• West, R., Murphy, K. J., Armilio, M. L., Craik, F. I. M., & Stuss, D. T. (2002). Effects of time of day on age differences in working memory. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 57(1), 3–10. doi:10.1093/geronb/57.1.P3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, L., Hasher, L., & Wilson, D. E. (2007). Synchrony effects in automatic and controlled retrieval. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14(1), 51–56. doi:10.3758/BF03194027
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimmermann, T. D., & Meier, B. (2006). The rise and decline of prospective memory performance across the lifespan. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 59(12), 2040–2046. doi:10.1080/17470210600917835
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimmermann, T. D., & Meier, B. (2010). The effect of implementation intentions on prospective memory performance across the lifespan. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 24(5), 645–658. doi:10.1002/acp.1576
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar