1,375
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Psychometric Methods for Measuring Pain

Pages 30-48 | Accepted 08 Oct 2012, Published online: 26 Nov 2012

References

  • Anagnostis , C , Gatchel , R and Mayer , T . 2004 . The newest and psychometrically strongest measure of functional status: The pain disability questionnaire . The Spine Journal , 4 : S67
  • Anie , K , Steptoe , A and Bevan , D . 2002 . Sickle cell disease: Pain, coping and quality of life in a study of adults in the UK . Health Psychology , 7 : 331 – 344 .
  • Asmundson , GJG , Wright , KD and Hadjistavropoulos , HD . 2005 . Hypervigilance and attentional fixedness in chronic musculoskeletal pain: Consistency of findings across modified Stroop and dot-probe tasks . The Journal of Pain , 6 : 497 – 506 .
  • Attal , N , Fermanian , C , Fermanian , J , Lanteri-Minet , M , Alchaar , H and Bouhassira , D . 2008 . Neuropathic pain: Are there distinct subtypes depending on the aetiology or anatomical lesion? . Pain , 138 : 343 – 353 .
  • Ben-Porath , YS and Tellegen , A . 2008 . Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form , Minneapolis : Pearson Assessments .
  • Bergner , M , Bobbitt , RA , Carter , WB and Gilson , BS . 1981 . The sickness impact profile: Development and final revision of a health status measure . Medical Care , 19 : 787 – 805 .
  • Bianchini , K , Etherton , J , Greve , K , Heinly , M and Meyers , J . 2008 . Classification accuracy of MMPI-2 validity scales in the detection of pain-related malingering: A known-groups study . Assessment , 15 : 435 – 449 .
  • Block , AR , Gatchel , RJ , Deardorff , WW and Guyer , RD . 2003 . The Psychology of Spine Surgery , Washington , DC : American Psychological Association .
  • Block , AR and Ohnmeiss , D . 2002 . Patient subgroups identified by cluster analysis of Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory scores and their relationship to spinal surgery outcome . The Spine Journal , 2 : 91
  • Bouhassira , D , Attal , N , Fermanian , J , Alchaar , H , Gautron , M , Masquelier , E Boureau , F . 2004 . Development and validation of the neuropathic pain symptom inventory . Pain , 108 : 248 – 257 .
  • Bradley , LA , Prokop , CK , Margolis , R and Gentry , WD . 1978 . Multivariate analyses of the MMPI profiles of low back pain patients . Journal of Behavioral Medicine , 1 : 253 – 272 .
  • Bradley , LA and Van der Heide , LH . 1984 . Pain-related correlates of MMPI profile subgroups among back pain patients . Health Psychology , 3 : 157 – 174 .
  • Bruns , D and Disorbio , JM . 2003 . Battery for Health Improvement 2 Manual , Minneapolis : Pearson .
  • Butcher , JN , Dahlstrom , WG , Graham , JR , Tellegen , A and Kaemmer , B . 1989 . Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2): Manual for administration and scoring , Minneapolis : University of Minnesota Press .
  • Carnes , D , Ashby , D and Underwood , M . 2006 . A systematic review of pain drawing literature: Should pain drawings be used for psychologic screening? . Clinical Journal of Pain , 22 : 449 – 457 .
  • Costello , RM , Hulsey , TL , Schoenfeld , LS and Ramamurthy , S . 1987 . P-A-I-N: A four cluster MMPI typology for chronic pain . Pain , 30 : S68
  • De Bruin , AF , Diederiks , JPM , De Witte , LP , Stevens , FCJ and Philipsen , H . 1994 . The development of a short generic version of the sickness impact profile . Journal of Clinical Epidemiology , 47 : 407 – 418 .
  • de Gier , M , Peters , ML and Vlaeyen , JWS . 2003 . Fear of pain, physical performance, and attentional processes in patients with fibromyalgia . Pain , 104 : 121 – 130 .
  • Derogatis , LR . 1983 . SCL-90-R Revised Manual , Baltimore , MD : Johns Hopkins School of Medicine .
  • Derogatis , LR and Melisaratos , N . 1993 . The brief symptom inventory: An introductory report . Psychological Medicine , 13 : 595 – 605 .
  • Dubuisson , D and Melzack , R . 1976 . Classification of clinical pain descriptions by multiple group discriminant analysis . Experimental Neurology , 51 : 480 – 487 .
  • Dworkin , RH , Turk , DC , Revicki , DA , Harding , G , Coyne , KS , Peirce-Sandner , S Melzack , R . 2009 . Development and initial validation of an expanded and revised version of the short-form McGill pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ-2) . Pain , 144 : 35 – 42 .
  • Fairbank , JC , Couper , J , Davies , JB and O’Brien , JP . 1980 . The Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire . Physiotherapy , 66 : 271 – 273 .
  • Fairbank , JCT and Pynsent , PB . 2000 . Literature review: The Oswestry disability index . Spine , 25 : 2940 – 2953 .
  • Fox , EJ and Melzack , R . 1976 . Transcutaneous electrical stimulation and acupuncture: Comparison of treatment for low-back pain . Pain , 2 : 141 – 148 .
  • Galer , BS and Jensen , MP . 1997 . The neuropathic pain scale: Development and preliminary validation of a pain measure specific to neuropathic pain . Neurology , 48 : 332 – 338 .
  • Gammaitoni , A , Gould , E , Ahdieh , H and Ma , T . 2007 . OPANA® ER improves pain quality measures in opioid-experienced patients with chronic low back pain . The Journal of Pain , 8 : S44
  • Gaskin , DJ and Richard , P . 2012 . The economic costs of pain in the United States . The Journal of Pain , 13 : 715 – 724 .
  • Gatchel , RJ , Mayer , TG and Eddington , A . 2006 . MMPI disability profile: The least known, most useful screen for psychopathology in chronic occupational spinal disorders . Spine , 31 : 2973 – 2978 .
  • Gatchel, R. J., Peng, Y. B., Peters, M. L., Fuchs, P. N., & Turk, D. C. (2007). The biopsychosocial approach to chronic pain: Scientific advances and future directions. Psychological Bulletin, 133, 581–624
  • Gervais , RO , Ben-Porath , YS , Wygant , DB and Sellbom , M . 2010 . Incremental validity of the MMPI-2-RF over-reporting scales and RBS in assessing the veracity of memory complaints . Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology , 25 : 274 – 284 .
  • Gil, K. M., Phillips, G., Abrams, M. R., & Williams, D. A. (1990). Pain drawings and sickle cell disease pain. The Clinical Journal of Pain, 6, 105–109
  • Gramling , SE and Elliott , TR . 1992 . Efficient pain assessment in clinical settings . Behaviour Research and Therapy , 30 : 71 – 73 .
  • Grushka , M and Sessle , BJ . 1984 . Burning mouth syndrome (BMS): McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and psychophysical testing . Pain , 18 : S108
  • Guck , TP , Meilman , PW , Skultety , FM and Poloni , LD . 1988 . Pain-patient Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) subgroups: Evaluation of long-term treatment outcome . Journal of Behavioral Medicine , 11 : 159 – 169 .
  • Haanpää , M , Attal , N , Backonja , M , Baron , R , Bennett , M , Bouhassira , D Treede , RD . 2011 . NeuPSIG guidelines on neuropathic pain assessment . Pain , 152 : 14 – 27 .
  • Harned , M , Grider , J and Etscheidt , M . 2011 . Reductions in numerical pain score correlates with improved multidimensional pain inventory scores in patients utilizing low-dose intrathecal morphine for the management of chronic pain . The Journal of Pain , 12 : P61
  • Hooten , WM , Shi , Y , Gazelka , HM and Warner , DO . 2011 . The effects of depression and smoking on pain severity and opioid use in patients with chronic pain . Pain , 152 : 223 – 229 .
  • Hooten , WM , Qu , W , Townsend , CO and Judd , JW . 2012 . Effects of strength vs aerobic exercise on pain severity in adults with fibromyalgia: A randomized equivalence trial . Pain , 153 : 915 – 923 .
  • Institute of Medicine Report from the Committee on Advancing Pain Research, Care, and Education . 2011 . Relieving pain in America: A Blueprint for Transforming Prevention, Care, Education and Research , Washington , DC : The National Academies Press .
  • Jensen , MP , Chiang , YK and Wu , J . 2009 . Assessment of pain quality in a clinical trial of gabapentin extended release for postherpetic neuralgia . The Clinical Journal of Pain , 25 : 286 – 292 .
  • Jensen , MP , Dworkin , RH , Gammaitoni , AR , Olaleye , DO , Oleka , N and Galer , BS . 2005 . Assessment of pain quality in chronic neuropathic and nociceptive pain clinical trials with the neuropathic pain scale . The Journal of Pain , 6 : 98 – 106 .
  • Jensen , MP , Gammaitoni , AR , Olaleye , DO , Oleka , N , Nalamachu , SR and Galer , BS . 2006 . The pain quality assessment scale: Assessment of pain quality in carpal tunnel syndrome . The Journal of Pain , 7 : 823 – 832 .
  • Jensen , MP , Gould , EM , Victor , TW , Gammaitoni , AR , White , RE and Galer , BS . 2010 . The relationship of changes in pain quality to pain interference and sleep quality . The Journal of Pain , 11 : 782 – 788 .
  • Jensen, M. P., & Karoly, P. (1989). Revision and Cross-validation of the Survey of Pain Attitudes (SOPA). Paper presented at the 10th annual meeting of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, San Francisco, CA
  • Jensen , MP and Karoly , P . 2001 . “ Self-report scales and procedures for assessing pain in adults ” . In Handbook of pain assessment: 2nd edition , Edited by: Turk , DC and Melzac , R . 15 – 34 . New York : The Guilford Press .
  • Jensen , MP and Karoly , P . 2011 . “ Self-report scales and procedures for assessing pain in adults ” . In Handbook of pain assessment: 3rd edition , Edited by: Turk , DC and Melzac , R . 19 – 44 . New York : The Guilford Press .
  • Jensen , MP , Karoly , P and Braver , S . 1986 . The measurement of clinical pain intensity: A comparison of six methods . Pain , 27 : 117 – 126 .
  • Jensen , MP , Karoly , P and Huger , R . 1987 . The development and preliminary validation of an instrument to assess patients’ attitudes toward pain . Journal of Psychosomatic Research , 31 : 393 – 400 .
  • Jensen , MP , Turner , JA , Romano , JM and Lawler , BK . 1994 . Relationship of pain-specific beliefs to chronic pain adjustment . Pain , 57 : 301 – 309 .
  • Joyce , CRB , Zutshi , DW , Hrubes , V and Mason , RM . 1975 . Comparison of fixed interval and visual analogue scales for rating chronic pain . European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology , 8 : 415 – 420 .
  • Keefe , F , Brown , G , Wallston , K and Caldwell , D . 1989 . Coping with rheumatoid arthritis pain: Catastrophizing as a maladaptive strategy . Pain , 37 : 51 – 56 .
  • Keefe , F , Caldwell , D , Queen , K , Gil , K , Martinez , S , Crisson , J Nunley , J . 1987 . Osteoarthritis knee pain: A behavioral analysis . Pain , 28 : 309 – 321 .
  • Keefe , F , Crisson , J , Urban , B and Williams , D . 1990 . Analyzing chronic low back pain: The relative contribution of pain coping strategies . Pain , 40 : 293 – 301 .
  • Kerns , RD , Turk , DC and Rudy , TE . 1985 . The West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory (WHYMPI) . Pain , 23 ( 4 ) : 345 – 356 .
  • Kori, S. H., Miller, R. P., & Todd, D. D. (1990). Kinesiophobia: A new view of chronic pain behavior. Pain Management, Jan/Feb, 35–43
  • Kremer , E , Atkinson , JH and Ignelzi , RJ . 1981 . Measurement of pain: Patient preference does not confound pain measurement . Pain , 10 : 241 – 248 .
  • Kuile , M , Spinhoven , P , Linssen , A and Van Houwelingen , H . 1995 . Cognitive coping and appraisal processes in the treatment of headaches . Pain , 64 : 257 – 264 .
  • Larrabee , GJ . 2003 . Exaggerated pain report in litigants with malingered neurocognitive dysfunction . The Clinical Neuropsychologist , 17 : 395 – 401 .
  • Larrabe , GJ . 2007 . Assessment of Malingered Neuropsychological Deficits, 1st Edition , New York : Oxford University Press, Inc .
  • Linton , SJ . 2000 . A review of psychological risk factors in back and neck pain . Spine , 25 : 1148 – 1156 .
  • Main , CJ . 1983 . The Modified Somatic Perception Questionnaire (MSPQ) . Journal of Psychosomatic Research , 27 : 503 – 514 .
  • Main , CJ and Spanswick , CC . 1995 . Personality assessment and the minnesota multiphasic personality inventory: 50 years on: Do we still need our security blanket? . Pain Forum , 4 : 90 – 96 .
  • Main , CJ , Wood , PLR , Hollis , S , Spanswick , CC and Waddell , G . 1992 . The distress and risk assessment method: A simple patient classification to identify distress and evaluate the risk of poor outcome . Spine , 17 : 42 – 52 .
  • Margolis , RB , Chibnall , JT and Tait , RC . 1988 . Test–retest reliability of the pain drawing instrument . Pain , 33 : 49 – 51 .
  • Martin , M , Bradley , L , Alexander , R , Alarcon , G , Triana-Alexander , M , Aaron , L and Alberts , KR . 1996 . Coping strategies predict disability in patients with primary fibromyalgia . Pain , 68 : 45 – 53 .
  • Masson , EA , Hunt , L , Gem , JM and Boulton , AJM . 1989 . A novel approach to the diagnosis and assessment of symptomatic diabetic neuropathy . Pain , 38 : 25 – 28 .
  • McCracken , LM , Zayfert , C and Gross , RT . 1992 . The pain anxiety symptoms scale: Development and validation of a scale to measure fear of pain . Pain , 50 : 67 – 73 .
  • McGill , JC , Lawlis , F , Selby , D , Mooney , V and McCoy , CE . 1983 . The relationship of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) profile cluster to pain behaviors . Journal of Behavioral Medicine , 6 : 77 – 92 .
  • McWilliams , LA , Cox , BJ and Enns , MW . 2003 . Mood and anxiety disorders associated with chronic pain: An examination in a nationally representative sample . Pain , 106 : 127 – 133 .
  • Melzack , R . 1975 . The McGill pain questionnaire: Major properties and scoring methods . Pain , 1 : 277 – 299 .
  • Melzack , R . 1987 . The short-form McGill pain questionnaire . Pain , 30 : 191 – 197 .
  • Melzack , R , Terrence , C , Fromm , G and Amsel , R . 1986 . Trigeminal neuralgia and atypical facial pain: Use of the McGill pain questionnaire for discrimination and diagnosis . Pain , 27 : 297 – 302 .
  • Mendelson , G . 1984 . Compensation, pain complaints, and psychological disturbance . Pain , 20 : 169 – 177 .
  • Millon , T , Antoni , M , Millon , C , Meagher , S and Millon , GS . 2001 . Millon Behavioral Medicine Diagnostic , Minneapolis : NCS Assessments .
  • Nicholas, M. K. (1989). Self-efficacy and Chronic Pain. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the British Psychological Society, St. Andrews, UK
  • Nicholas , MK . 2007 . The pain self-efficacy questionnaire: Taking pain into account . European Journal of Pain , 11 : 153 – 163 .
  • Nicholas , MK , Asghari , A and Blyth , FM . 2008 . What do the numbers mean? Normative data in chronic pain measures . Pain , 134 : 158 – 173 .
  • Ong , KS and Seymour , RA . 2004 . Pain measurement in humans . The Surgeon , 2 : 15 – 27 .
  • Osman , A , Barrios , F , Gutierrez , P , Kopper , BA , Merrifield , T and Grittmann , L . 2000 . The pain catastrophizing scale: Further psychometric evaluation with adult samples . Journal of Behavioral Medicine , 23 : 351 – 365 .
  • Paice , JA and Cohen , FL . 1997 . Validity of a verbally administered numeric rating scale to measure cancer pain intensity . Cancer Nursing , 20 : 88 – 93 .
  • Persson , M , Sörensen , J and Gerdle , B . 2012 . Whiplash associated disorders (WAD): Responses to pharmacological challenges and psychometric tests . Scandinavian Journal of Pain , 3 : 151 – 163 .
  • Pollard , A . 1984 . Preliminary validity study of the pain disability index . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 59 : 974
  • Ransford , A , Cairns , D and Mooney , V . 1976 . The pain drawing as an aid to the psychologic evaluation of patients with low-back pain . Spine , 1 : 127 – 134 .
  • Riley , JL and Robinson , ME . 1998 . Validity of MMPI-2 profiles in chronic back pain patients: Differences in path models of coping and somatization . Clinical Journal of Pain , 14 : 324 – 335 .
  • Roelofs , J , van Breukelen , G , Sluiter , J , Frings-Dresen , MHW , Goossens , M , Thibault , P Vlaeyen , JW . 2011 . Norming of the Tampa scale for kinesiophobia across pain diagnoses and various countries . Pain , 152 : 1090 – 1095 .
  • Roland , M and Morris , R . 1983 . A study of the natural history of back pain: Part I: Development of a reliable and sensitive measure of disability in low-back pain . Spine , 8 : 141 – 144 .
  • Rosenstiel , AK and Keefe , FJ . 1983 . The use of coping strategies in chronic low back pain patients: Relationship to patient characteristics and current adjustment . Pain , 17 : 33 – 44 .
  • Sansone , RA and Sansone , LA . 2012 . Rumination: Relationships with physical health . Clinical Neuropsychology , 9 : 29 – 34 .
  • Schiavenato , M and Craig , KD . 2010 . Pain assessment as a social transaction: Beyond the “gold standard” . Clinical Journal of Pain , 26 : 667 – 676 .
  • Seymour , RA . 1982 . The use of pain scales in assessing the efficacy of analgesics in post-operative dental pain . European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology , 23 : 441 – 444 .
  • Strahl , C , Kleinknecht , RA and Dinnel , DL . 2000 . The role of pain anxiety, coping, and pain self-efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis patient functioning . Behaviour Research and Therapy , 38 : 863 – 873 .
  • Sullivan , M , Bishop , S and Pivik , J . 1995 . The pain catastrophizing scale: Development and validation . Psychological Assessment , 7 : 524 – 532 .
  • Swinkels-Meewisse , EJCM , Roelofs , J , Swinkels , RAHM , Verbeek , ALM , Vlaeyen , JWS and Oostendorp , RAB . 2004 . Statistics and pain-related fear measures in acute low back pain . Manual Therapy , 9 : 47 – 48 .
  • Teske , K , Daut , RL and Cleeland , CS . 1983 . Relationships between nurses’ observations and patients’ self-reports of pain . Pain , 16 : 289 – 296 .
  • Thomas , ML and Locke , DEC . 2010 . Psychometric properties of the MMPI-2-RF Somatic Complaints (RC1) scale . Psychological Assessment , 22 : 492 – 503 .
  • Turk , DC and Fernandez , E . 1995 . Personality assessment and the minnesota multiphasic personality inventory in chronic pain: Underdeveloped and overexposed . Pain Forum , 4 ( 2 ) : 104 – 107 .
  • Turk , DC and Melzac , R . 2011 . Handbook of Pain Assessment: 3rd Edition , New York : The Guilford Press .
  • Turner , JA . 1982 . Comparison of group progressive-relaxation training and cognitive-behavioral group therapy for chronic low back pain . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 50 : 757 – 765 .
  • Visscher , CM , Ohrbach , R , van Wijk , AJ , Wilkosz , M and Naeije , M . 2010 . The Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia for temporomandibular disorders (TSK-TMD) . Pain , 150 : 492 – 500 .
  • Vlaeyen , J , De Jong , J , Geilen , M , Heuts , P and Van Breukelen , G . 2002 . The treatment of fear of movement/reinjury in chronic low back pain: Further evidence on the effectiveness of exposure in vivo . Clinical Journal of Pain , 18 : 251 – 261 .
  • Vlaeyen , JWS , Kole-Snijders , AMJ , Boeren , RGB and van Eek , H . 1995 . Fear of movement/(re)injury in chronic low back pain and its relation to behavioral performance . Pain , 62 : 363 – 372 .
  • Vlaeyen , JWS and Linton , SJ . 2000 . Fear-avoidance and its consequences in chronic musculoskeletal pain: A state of the art . Pain , 85 : 317 – 332 .
  • Waddell , G , Newton , M , Henderson , I , Somerville , D and Main , CJ . 1993 . A fear-avoidance beliefs questionnaire (FABQ) and the role of fear-avoidance beliefs in chronic low back pain and disability . Pain , 52 : 157 – 168 .
  • Wade , JB , Dougherty , LM , Hart , RP and Cook , DB . 1992 . Patterns of normal personality structure among chronic pain patients . Pain , 48 : 37 – 43 .
  • Wygant , DB , Ben-Porath , YS , Arbisi , PA , Berry , DTR , Freeman , DB and Heilbronner , RL . 2009 . Examination of the MMPI-2 restructured form (MMPI-2-RF) validity scales in civil forensic settings: Findings from simulation and known group samples . Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology , 24 : 671 – 680 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.