Ethnomedicinal plants used for treatment of snakebites in Tanzania – a systematic review

References

• Agusi K, Ogbunachi O. 2018. Effects of ethanolic leaf extract of Euphorbia hirta on Snake Venom Induced Toxicity in Mice. Trop J Appl Nat Sci. 2(2):34–41.
   Google Scholar
• Ajao AA, Sibiya NP, Moteetee AN. 2019. Sexual prowess from nature: a systematic review of medicinal plants used as aphrodisiacs and sexual dysfunction in sub-Saharan Africa. South Afr J Bot. 122:342–359.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amri E, Kisangau DP. 2012. Ethnomedicinal study of plants used in villages around Kimboza forest reserve in Morogoro, Tanzania. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 8:1–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asmerom D, Kalay T H, Araya T Y, Desta DM, Wondafrash DZ, Tafere GG. 2021. Medicinal plants used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in Ethiopia: a systematic review. BioMed Res Int. 2021:1–12.
   Google Scholar
• Augustino S, Gillah PR. 2005. Medicinal plants in urban districts of Tanzania: plants, gender roles and sustainable use. Int Forest Rev. 7(1):44–58.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Augustino S, Hall JB, Makonda FBS, Ishengoma RC. 2011. Medicinal resources of the Miombo woodlands of Urumwa, Tanzania: plants and their uses. J Med Plants Res. 5:6352–6372.
   Google Scholar
• Cannon R, Ruha A-M, Kashani J. 2008. Acute hypersensitivity reactions associated with administration of Crotalidae polyvalent immune fab antivenom. Ann Emerg Med. 51(4):407–411.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chhabra SC, Mahunnah BLA, Mshiu EN. 1987. Plants used in traditional medicine in eastern Tanzania. I. Pteridophytes and angiosperms (Acanthaceae to Canellaceae). J Ethnopharmacol. 21(3):253–277.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chhabra SC, Mahunnah RLA, Mshiu EN. 1989. Plants used in traditional medicine in Eastern Tanzania. II. Angiosperms (Capparidaceae to Ebenaceae). J Ethnopharmacol. 25(3):339–359.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chhabra SC, Mahunnah RLA, Mshiu EN. 1990a. Plants used in traditional medicine in Eastern Tanzania. IV. Angiosperms (Mimosaceae to Papilionaceae). J Ethnopharmacol. 29(3):295–323.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chhabra SC, Mahunnah RLA, Mshiu EN. 1990b. Plants used in traditional medicine in Eastern Tanzania. III. Angiosperms (Euphorbiaceae to Menispermaceae). J Ethnopharmacol. 28(3):255–283.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chhabra SC, Mahunnah RLA, Mshiu EN. 1991. Plants used in traditional medicine in eastern Tanzania. V. Angiosperms (Passifloraceae to Sapindaceae). J Ethnopharmacol. 33(1–2):143–157.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chhabra SC, Mahunnah RLA, Mshiu EN. 1993. Plants used in traditional medicine in Eastern Tanzania. VI. Angiosperms (Sapotaceae to Zingiberaceae). J Ethnopharmacol. 39(2):83–103.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chhabra SC, Mahunnah RLA. 1994. Plants used in traditional medicine by Hayas of the Kagera region, Tanzania. Econ Bot. 48(2):121–129.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chinsembu KC. 2016. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal flora utilised by traditional healers in the management of sexually transmitted infections in Sesheke district, Western Province, Zambia. Rev Bras Farmacogn. 26(2):268–274.
   Google Scholar
• Chippaux JP. 1998. Snake-bites: appraisal of the global situation. Bull World Health Organ. 76(5):515–524.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chippaux J-P. 2011. Estimate of the burden of snakebites in sub-Saharan Africa: a meta-analytic approach. Toxicon. 57(4):586–599.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chippaux J-P. 2015. Management of snakebites in sub-Saharan Africa. Med Sante Trop. 25(3):245–248.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cunningham AB. 2001. Applied ethnobotany: people, wild plant use, and conservation. London: Earthscan.
   Google Scholar
• de Moura VM, Freitas de Sousa LA, Cristina Dos-Santos M, Almeida Raposo JD, Evangelista Lima A, de Oliveira RB, da Silva MN, Veras Mourão RH. 2015. Plants used to treat snakebites in Santarém, Western Pará, Brazil: an assessment of their effectiveness in inhibiting hemorrhagic activity induced by Bothrops jararaca venom. J Ethnopharmacol. 161:224–232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giovannini P, Howes M-JR. 2017. Medicinal plants used to treat snakebite in Central America: review and assessment of scientific evidence. J Ethnopharmacol. 199:240–256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hasan N, Azam NK, Ahmed N, Hirashima A. 2016. A randomized ethnomedicinal survey of snakebite treatment in southwestern parts of Bangladesh. J Tradit Complement Med. 6(4):337–342.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hedberg I, Hedberg O, Madat PJ, Mshigeni KE, Mshiu EN, Samuelsson G. 1983a. Inventory of plants used in traditional medicine in Tanzania. Part II. Plants of the families Dilleniaceae-Opiliaceae. J Ethnopharmacol. 9(1):105–127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hedberg I, Hedberg O, Madati PJ, Mshigeni KE, Mshiu EN, Samuelsson G. 1983b. Inventory of plants used in traditional medicine in Tanzania. Part III. Plants of the families Papilionaceae-Vitaceae. J Ethnopharmacol. 9(2–3):237–260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hilonga S, Otieno JN, Ghorbani A, Pereus D, Kocyan A, de Boer H. 2019. Trade of wild-harvested medicinal plant species in local markets of Tanzania and its implications for conservation. South Afr J Bot. 122:214–224.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu R, Lin C, Xu W, Liu Y, Long C. 2020. Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants used by Mulam people in Guangxi, China. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 16:40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iful ES. 2008. Studies on the antivenom activities of the aqueous extracts of Paullinia pinnata and Detarium microcarpum against Echis carinatus (carpet viper) venom [PhD dissertation]. Jos, Nigeria: University of Jos.
   Google Scholar
• Isa HI, Ambali SF, Suleiman MM, Abubakar MS, Kawu MU, Shittu M, Yusuf PO, Habibu B. 2015. In vitro neutralization of Naja nigricollis venom by stem-bark extracts of Commiphora africana A. Rich. (Burseraceae). IOSR J Environ Sci Toxicol Food Technol. 9:100.
   Google Scholar
• Jima TT, Megersa M. 2018. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used to treat human diseases in Berbere district, Bale zone of Oromia regional state, south-east Ethiopia. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018:1–16.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kacholi DS, Amir HM. 2022. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by traditional healers in managing gonorrhoea and syphilis in Urambo district, Tabora Region, Tanzania. J Herbs Spices Med Plants. 28(2):179–192.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kacholi DS, Mvungi HA. 2021. Plants used by Nyamwezi traditional health practitioners to remedy sexually transmitted infections in Sikonge, Tanzania. J Educ Humanit Sci. 10:89–101.
   Google Scholar
• Kacholi DS. 2014. Indigenous tree uses, use values and impact of human population on forest size, structure and species richness in Uluguru, Morogoro, Tanzania. Tanz J Sci. 40:34–50.
   Google Scholar
• Kacholi DS. 2020. Density and aboriginal uses of wild tree species in Milawilila forest reserve in Morogoro region, Tanzania. Tanzania J Sci. 46:85–100.
   Google Scholar
• Kadir MF, Karmoker JR, Alam M, Jahan SR, Mahbub S, Mia MMK. 2015. Ethnopharmacological survey of medicinal plants used by traditional healers and indigenous people in Chittagong Hill tracts, Bangladesh for the treatment of snakebite. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015:871675.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kasturiratne A, Wickremasinghe AR, de Silva N, Gunawardena NK, Pathmeswaran A, Premaratna R, Savioli L, Lalloo DG, de Silva HJ. 2008. The global burden of snakebite: a literature analysis and modelling based on regional estimates of envenoming and deaths. PLoS Med. 5(11):e218.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kemparaju K, Girish KS. 2006. Snake venom hyaluronidase: a therapeutic target. Cell Biochem Funct. 24(1):7–12.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kini RM. 2005. Structure–function relationships and mechanism of anticoagulant phospholipase A2 enzymes from snake venoms. Toxicon. 45(8):1147–1161.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kipanyula MJ, Kimaro WH. 2015. Snakes and snakebite envenoming in northern Tanzania: a neglected tropical health problem. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis. 21:32.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, Gøtzsche PC, Ioannidis JPA, Clarke M, Devereaux PJ, Kleijnen J, Moher D. 2009. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. PLoS Med. 6(7):e1000100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luís Â, Domingues F, Duarte AP. 2011. Bioactive compounds, RP-HPLC analysis of phenolics, and antioxidant activity of some Portuguese shrub species extracts. Nat Prod Commun. 6:1863–1872.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mali RG. 2010. Cleome viscosa (wild mustard): a review on ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. Pharm Biol. 48(1):105–112.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maregesi S, Kagashe G, Masatu K. 2013. Ethnopharmacological survey of snakebite treatment in Ukerewe Island, Tanzania. Sch Acad J Pharm. 2:381–386.
   Google Scholar
• Maroyi A. 2013. Traditional use of medicinal plants in south-central Zimbabwe: review and perspectives. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 9:31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathibela MK, Potgieter MJ, Tshikalange TE. 2019. Medicinal plants used to manage sexually transmitted infections by Bapedi traditional health practitioners in the Blouberg area, South Africa. South Afr J Bot. 122:385–390.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maya Devi C, Vasantha Bai M, Vijayan Lal A, Umashankar PR, Krishnan LK. 2002. An improved method for isolation of anti-viper venom antibodies from chicken egg yolk. J Biochem Biophys Methods. 51(2):129–138.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Molander M, Nielsen L, Søgaard S, Staerk D, Rønsted N, Diallo D, Chifundera KZ, Van Staden J, Jäger AK. 2014. Hyaluronidase, phospholipase A2 and protease inhibitory activity of plants used in traditional treatment of snakebite-induced tissue necrosis in Mali, DR Congo and South Africa. J Ethnopharmacol. 157:171–180.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Núñez V, Otero R, Barona J, Fonnegra R, Jiménez S, Osorio RG, Quintana JC, Díaz A. 2004. Inhibition of the toxic effects of Lachesis muta, Crotalus durissus cumanensis and Micrurus mipartitus snake venoms by plant extracts. Pharm Biol. 42(1):49–54.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Omara T, Kagoya S, Openy A, Omute T, Ssebulime S, Kiplagat KM, Bongomin O. 2020. Antivenin plants used for treatment of snakebites in Uganda: ethnobotanical reports and pharmacological evidences. Trop Med Health. 48:6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Omara T. 2020. Plants used in antivenom therapy in rural Kenya: ethnobotany and future perspectives. J Toxicol. 2020:1828521.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Owuor BO, Kisangau DP. 2006. Kenyan medicinal plants used as antivenin: a comparison of plant usage. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2:7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramathal DC, Ngassapa OD. 2001. Medicinal plants used by Rwandese traditional healers in refugee camps in Tanzania. Pharm Biol. 39(2):132–137.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruffo CK. 1991. A survey of medicinal plants in Tabora region, Tanzania. In Traditional medicinal plants, ed. KE Mshigeni, MHH Nkunya, V Fupi, RLA Mahunnah, N Mshiu, 1st ed. Dar es Salaam: Dar es Salaam University Press – Ministry of Health, Tanzania; p. 391–406.
   Google Scholar
• Salinitro M, Vicentini R, Bonomi C, Tassoni A. 2017. Traditional knowledge on wild and cultivated plants in the Kilombero valley (Morogoro region, Tanzania). J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 13:17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanusi J, Shehu K, Jibia AB, Mohammed I, Liadi S. 2014. Anti-snake venom potential of Securidaca longepedunculata leaf and root bark on spitting cobra (Naja nigricollis Hallowel) in envemoned Wister rats. IOSR J Pharm Biol Sci. 9(6):92–96.
   Google Scholar
• Snow RW, Bronzan R, Roques T, Nyamawi C, Murphy S, Marsh K. 1994. The prevalence and morbidity of snake bite and treatment-seeking behaviour among a rural Kenyan population. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 88(6):665–671.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sonibare MA, Aremu OT, Okorie PN. 2016. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of solvent fractions of Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less leaf extract. Afr Health Sci. 16(2):629–639.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinhorst J, Aglanu LM, Ravensbergen SJ, Dari CD, Abass KM, Mireku SO, Adu Poku JK, Enuameh YAK, Blessmann J, Harrison RA, et al. 2021. ‘The medicine is not for sale’: practices of traditional healers in snakebite envenoming in Ghana. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 15(4):e0009298.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tugume P, Nyakoojo C. 2019. Ethno-pharmacological survey of herbal remedies used in the treatment of paediatric diseases in Buhunga parish, Rukungiri district, Uganda. BMC Complement Altern Med. 19(1):353.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Upasani SV, Beldar VG, Tatiya AU, Upasani MS, Surana SJ, Patil DS. 2017. Ethnomedicinal plants used for snakebite in India: a brief overview. Integr Med Res. 6(2):114–130.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verrastro RB, Maria-Torres A, Ricciardi G, Teibler P, Maruñak S, Barnaba C, Larcher R, Nicolini G, Dellacassa EJ. 2018. The effects of Cissampelos pareira extract on envenomation induced by Bothrops diporus snake venom. J Ethnopharmacol. 212:36–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wangoda R, Watmon B, Kisige M. 2004. Snakebite management: experiences from Gulu regional hospital Uganda. East Cent Afr J Surg. 9:1–5.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization (WHO). 2007. Rabies and envenomings: a neglected public health issue: report of a consultative meeting. Geneva: World Health Organization; p. 32.
   Google Scholar
• Yirgu A, Chippaux J-P. 2019. Ethnomedicinal plants used for snakebite treatments in Ethiopia: a comprehensive overview. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis. 25:e20190017.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Żarnowski R, Żarnowska ED, Kozubek A. 2014. Alkylresorcinols in the family Fabaceae. Acta Soc Bot Pol. 70(1):25–29.
   Google Scholar
• Zolfagharian H, Dounighi NM. 2015. Study on development of Vipera lebetina snake antivenom in chicken egg yolk for passive immunization. Hum Vaccines Immunother. 11:2734–2739.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar