Enhanced physical characteristics of ZnO thin films through Sr and Mg co-doping

References

• Hoffman RL, Norris BJ, Wager JF. ZnO-based transparent thin-film transistors. Appl Phys Lett. 2003;82(5):733–735.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gupta M, Paul S, Gupta R, et al. ZnO: a versatile agent for benzylic oxidations. Tetrahedron Lett. 2005;46:4957–4960.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamby DW, Lucca DA, Klopfstein MJ, et al. Temperature dependent exciton photoluminescence of bulk ZnO. J Appl Phys. 2003;93:3214–3217.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tian S, Yang F, Zeng D, et al. Solution-processed gas sensors based on ZnO nanorods array with an exposed (0001) facet for enhanced gas-sensing properties. J Phys Chem C. 2012;116:10586–10591.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang WC, Cheng YY, Yu WC, et al. Enhancing performance of ZnO dye-sensitized solar cells by incorporation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Nanoscale Res Lett. 2012;7:166.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du CF, Lee CH, Cheng CT, et al. Ultraviolet/blue light-emitting diodes based on single horizontal ZnO microrod/GaN heterojunction. Nanoscale Res Lett. 2014;9:446.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inamdar SI, Rajpure KY. High-performance metal–semiconductor–metal UV photodetector based on spray deposited ZnO thin films. J Alloys Compd. 2014;595:55–59.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soumahoro I, Colis S, Schmerber G, et al. Structural, optical, spectroscopic and electrical properties of Mo-doped ZnO thin films grown by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. Thin Solid Films. 2014;566:61–69.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thirumoorthi M. Thomas Joseph Prakash J. Structural, morphological characteristics and optical properties of Y doped ZnO thin films by sol–gel spin coating method. Superlattices Microstruct. 2015;85:237–247.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biswas I, Majumder M, Roy P, et al. Nanostructured ZnO thin film with improved optical and electrochemical properties prepared by hydrothermal electrochemical deposition technique. Micro Nano Lett. 2016;11:351–355.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hadri A, Nassiri C, Chafi FZ, et al. Effect of acetic acid adding on structural, optical and electrical properties of sprayed ZnO thin films. Energy Environ Focus. 2015;4:12–17.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rouchdi M, Salmani E, El Hat A, et al. Synthesis and magnetic properties of Ni-doped ZnO thin films: experimental and ab initio study. Surf Rev Lett. 2017;24:1750085.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ergin B, Ketenci E, Atay F. Characterization of ZnO films obtained by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technique. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2009;34:5249–5254.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zaier A, Meftah A, Jaber AY, et al. Annealing effects on the structural, electrical and optical properties of ZnO thin films prepared by thermal evaporation technique. J King Saud Univ Sci. 2015;27:356–360.
   Google Scholar
• Kaur G, Mitra A, Yadav KL. Pulsed laser deposited Al-doped ZnO thin films for optical applications. Prog Nat Sci. 2015;25:12–21.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ergin B, Ketenci E, Atay F. Characterization of ZnO films obtained by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technique. Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2009;34:5249–5254.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Makuku O, Mbaiwa F, Sathiaraj TS. Structural, optical and electrical properties of low temperature grown undoped and (Al, Ga) co-doped ZnO thin films by spray pyrolysis. Ceram Int. 2016;42:14581–14586.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rouchdi M, Salmani E, Fares B, et al. Synthesis and characteristics of Mg doped ZnO thin films: experimental and ab-initio study. Results Phys. 2017;7:620–627.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Water W, Yan YS. Characteristics of strontium-doped ZnO films on love wave filter applications. Thin Solid Films. 2007;515:6992–6996.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• N’Konou K, Lare Y, Haris M, et al. Influence of barium doping on physical properties of zinc oxide thin films synthesized by SILAR deposition technique. Adv Mater. 2014;3:63–67.
   Google Scholar
• Water W, Yang YS. The influence of calcium doped ZnO films on Love wave sensor characteristics. Sens Actuator A Phys. 2006;127:360–365.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan L, Ong CK, Rao S. Magnetic order in Co-doped and (Mn, Co) codoped ZnO thin films by pulsed laser deposition. J Appl Phys. 2004;96:508–511.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shanmuganathan G, Banu IB. Influence of codoping on the optical properties of ZnO thin films synthesized on glass substrate by chemical bath deposition method. Adv Condens Matter Phys. 2014;2014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pham DP, Nguyen HT, Phan BT, et al. In and Ga codoped ZnO film as a front electrode for thin film silicon solar cells. Adv Condens Matter Phys. 2014;2014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karzazi O, Soussi L, Louardi A, et al. Transparent conducting properties of Mg and Al co-doped ZnO thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis technique. Superlattices Microstruct. 2019;127:61–65.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma ZQ, Zhao WG, Wang Y. Electrical properties of Na/Mg co-doped ZnO thin films. Thin Solid Films. 2007;515:8611–8614.
   Google Scholar
• Raghavendra PV, Bhat JS, Deshpande NG. Enhancement of photoluminescence in Sr doped ZnO thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis. Mater Sci Semicond Process. 2017;68:262–269.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu L, Xiao S, Zhang C, et al. Optical and structural properties of Sr-doped ZnO thin films. Mater Chem Phys. 2014;148:720–726.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang K, Tang Z, Zhang L, et al. Preparation and characterization of Mg-doped ZnO thin films by sol–gel method. Appl Surf Sci. 2012;258:3710–3713.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fang D, Li C, Wang N, et al. Structural and optical properties of Mg‐doped ZnO thin films prepared by a modified Pechini method. Cryst Res Technol. 2013;48:265–272.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shannon RD. Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halides and chalcogenides. Acta Crystallogr A. 1976;32:751–767.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ouhaibi A, Ghamnia M, Dahamni MA, et al. The effect of strontium doping on structural and morphological properties of ZnO nanofilms synthesized by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method. J Sci Adv Mater Dev. 2018;3:2936.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peňa-Garcia R, Guerra Y, Milani R, et al. Influence of Ni and Sr on the structural, morphological and optical properties of ZnO synthesized by sol gel. Opt Mater. 2019;98:109427.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong R, Pan T, Qian J, et al. Synthesis and surface modification of ZnO nanoparticles. Chem Eng J. 2006;119:71–81.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaikh SK, Inamdar SI, Ganbavle VV, et al. Chemical bath deposited ZnO thin film based UV photoconductive detector. J Alloys Compd. 2016;664:242–249.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hassan F, Miran MS, Simol HA, et al. Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles by a hybrid electrochemical-thermal method: influence of calcination temperature. Bangladesh J Sci Ind Res. 2015;50:21–28.
   Google Scholar
• Kiran T, Ahmed HP, Begum NS, et al. Structural, morphological and optical studies of sol-gel engineered Sm3+ activated ZnO thin films for photocatalytic applications. Phys Chem Solid State. 2020;21:433–439.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karthik K, Pushpa S, Naik MM, et al. Influence of Sn and Mn on structural, optical and magnetic properties of spray pyrolysed CdS thin films. Mater Res Innov. 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Rouchdi M, Salmani E, El Hat A, et al. Effect of deposition time on structural and physical properties of Cu2CdSnS4 thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis technique: experimental and ab initio study. Opt Quantum Electron. 2017;49:165.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flores-Moreno A, Herrera-González AM, García-Serrano J. Modification of the crystal lattice and optical band gap of ZnO nanostructures by the polyelectrolytes presence. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron. 2018;29:15604–15612.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee JH, Park BO. Transparent conducting ZnO: al, In and Sn thin films deposited by the sol–gel method. Thin Solid Films. 2003;426:94–99.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mote VD, Dargad JS, Dole BN. Effect of Mn doping concentration on structural, morphological and optical studies of ZnO nano-particles. Nanosci Nanoeng. 2013;1:116–122.
   Google Scholar
• Singh J, Kumar P, Hui KS, et al. Synthesis, band-gap tuning, structural and optical investigations of Mg doped ZnO nanowires. Cryst Eng Comm. 2012;14:5898–5904.
   Google Scholar
• Huang HH, Chu SY, Kao PC, et al. Improvement of highly efficient organic light-emitting diodes using Mg-doped ZnO buffer layers. Thin Solid Films. 2008;516:5664–5668.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murugesan R, Sivakumar S, Karthik K, et al. Effect of Mg/Co on the properties of CdS thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis technique. Curr Appl Phys. 2019;19:1136–1144.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murugesan R, Sivakumar S, Karthik K, et al. Structural, optical and magnetic behaviors of Fe/Mn-doped and co-doped CdS thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis method. Appl Phys A. 2019;125:1–13.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banerjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Kundu A, et al. Vertically aligned zinc oxide nanosheet for high-performance photocatalysis of water pollutants. Ceram Int. 2019;45:16821–16828.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma HL, Liu ZW, Zeng DC, et al. Nanostructured ZnO films with various morphologies prepared by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis and its growing process. Appl Surf Sci. 2013;283:1006–1011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vijayan TA, Chandramohan R, Valanarasu S, et al. Comparative investigation on nanocrystal structure, optical, and electrical properties of ZnO and Sr-doped ZnO thin films using chemical bath deposition method. J Mater Sci. 2008;43:1776–1782.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raj KP, Sadaiyandi K, Kennedy A, et al. Structural, optical, photoluminescence and photocatalytic assessment of Sr-doped ZnO nanoparticles. Mater Chem Phys. 2016;183:24–36.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Djelloul A, Bouzid K, Guerrab F. Role of substrate temperature on the structural and morphological properties of ZnO thin films deposited by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis. Turk J Phys. 2008;32:49–58.
   Google Scholar
• El Hat A, Hadri A, Chafi FZ, et al. Effect of Cu on the physical properties of ZnO synthesized by spray pyrolysis technique. Rev Rom Mater. 2017;47:71.
   Google Scholar
• Hsu CH, Chen LC, Zhang X. Effect of the Cu source on optical properties of CuZnO films deposited by ultrasonic spraying. Mater. 2014;7:1261–1270.
   Google Scholar
• Kumar S, Basu S, Rana B, et al. Structural, optical and magnetic properties of sol–gel derived ZnO: co diluted magnetic semiconductor nanocrystals: an EXAFS study. J Mater Chem C. 2014;2:481–495.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fujita S, Tanaka H, Fujita S. MBE growth of wide band gap wurtzite MgZnO quasi-alloys with MgO/ZnO superlattices for deep ultraviolet optical functions. J Cryst Growth. 2005;278:264–267.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riad AS, Mahmoud SA, Ibrahim AA. Structural and DC electrical investigations of ZnO thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis technique. Phys B Condens Mater. 2001;296:319–325.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee JH, Ko KH, Park BO. Electrical and optical properties of ZnO transparent conducting films by the sol–gel method. J Cryst Growth. 2003;247:119–125.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Juarez AS, Silver AT, Ortiz A, et al. Electrical and optical properties of fluorine-doped ZnO thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis. Thin Solid Films. 1998;333:196–202.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pakiyaraj K, Kirthika V, Karthik K. Effect of annealing on the structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties of Al-Zn co-doped SnO2 thin films. Mater Res Innov. 2020;24:193–201.
   Google Scholar
• Pei ZL, Sun C, Tan MH, et al. Optical and electrical properties of direct-current magnetron sputtered ZnO: Al films. J Appl Phys. 2001;90:3432–3436.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minami T, Nanto H, Shooji S, et al. The stability of zinc oxide transparent electrodes fabricated by RF magnetron sputtering. Thin Solid Films. 1984;111:167–174.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Islam MN, Ghosh TB, Chopra KL, et al. XPS and X-ray diffraction studies of aluminum-doped zinc oxide transparent conducting films. Thin Solid Films. 1996;280:20–25.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ravichandran C, Srinivasan G, Lennon C, et al. Influence of post-deposition annealing on the structural, optical and electrical properties of Li and Mg co-doped ZnO thin films deposited by sol–gel technique. Superlattices Microstruct. 2011;49:527–536.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abed C, Fernández S, Aouida S, et al. Processing and study of optical and electrical properties of (Mg, Al) co-doped ZnO thin films prepared by RF magnetron sputtering for photovoltaic application. Mater. 2020;13:2146.
   Google Scholar
• Khuili M, Fazouan N, Abou El Makarim H, et al. Study of properties of (Mg, Al)-codoped ZnO with GGA and mBJ approximations. Phys Lett A. 2016;380:2881–2887.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar