References
- Ajah, L. O., Iyoke, C. A., Nkwo, P. O., Nwakoby, B., & Ezeonu, P. (2014). Comparison of domestic violence against women in urban versus rural areas of southeast Nigeria. International Journal of Women’s Health, 6, 865–872.
- Aluko, Y. A., & Aluko-Arowolo, O. S. (2007). The silent crime: A sociological appraisal of gender-based violence experienced by women in Yoruba culture of Nigeria. Paper presented at the fifth African Population Conference, Arusha, Tanzania, December 2007.
- Amnesty International. (2005). Nigeria: Unheard voices— Violence against women in the family. http://www.amnesty.org/library/index/engafr44vo42005.
- Anderson, C. A., Benjamin, A.Jr., Wood, P. K., & Bonacci, A. M. (2006). Development and testing of the Velicer Attitudes Toward Violence Scale: Evidence of a four-factor model. Aggressive Behavior, 32(2), 122–136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ab.20112.
- Archer, J., & Graham-Kevan, N. (2003). Do beliefs about aggression predict physical aggression to partners? Aggressive Behavior, 29(1), 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ab.10029.
- Balogun, M. O., Owoaje, E. T., & Fawole, O. I. (2012). Intimate partner violence in southwestern Nigeria: Are there rural-urban differences?. Women & Health, 52(7), 627–645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03630242.2012.707171.
- Basile, K. C., Hertz, M. F., & Back, S. E. (2007). Intimate partner violence and sexual violence victimization assessment instruments for use in healthcare settings: Version 1. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control.
- Bloom, S. S. (2008). Violence against women and girls: A compendium of monitoring and evaluation indicators. http://www.prb.org/igwg_media/violenceagainstwomen.pdf.
- Boakye, K. E. (2009). Attitudes toward rape and victims of rape: A test of the feminist theory in Ghana. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 24(10), 1633–1651. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260509331493.
- Bowman, C. G. (2003). Theories of domestic violence in the African context. Journal of Gender. Social Policy & the Law, 11, 847–863.
- Bryant, S. A., & Spencer, G. A. (2003). University students’ attitudes about attributing blame in domestic violence. Journal of Family Violence, 18(6), 369–376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026205817132.
- Buddie, A. M., & Miller, A. G. (2001). Beyond rape myths: A more complex view of perceptions of rape victims. Sex Roles, 45(3/4), 139–160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1013575209803.
- Büyükşahin, A. (2005). The multidimensional relationship questionnaire: A study of reliability and validity. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 16(2), 1–9.
- Byrne, B. M., Shavelson, R. J., & Muthén, B. O. (1989). Testing for the equivalence of factor covariance and mean structures: The issue of partial measurement invariance. Psychological Bulletin, 105(3), 456–466. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.105.3.456.
- Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 9(2), 233–255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0902_5.
- Chin, W. W., Marcolin, B. L., & Newsted, P. R. (2003). A partial least squares latent variable modeling approach for measuring interaction effects: Results from a Monte Carlo simulation study and an electronic-mail emotion/adoption study. Information Systems Research, 14(2), 189–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/isre.14.2.189.16018.
- Cusack, S., & Cook, R. J. (2013). Gender stereotyping: A priority issue in the campaign to eliminate gender-based violence against women. http://www.womenenabled.org.
- Davidson, M. M., & Canivez, G. L. (2012). Attitudes Toward Violence Scale: Psychometric properties with a high school sample. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27(18), 3660–3682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260512447578.
- Delva, J., Allen-Meares, P., & Momper, S. L. (2010). Cross-cultural research. New York: Oxford University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195382501.001.0001.
- Dobash, R. E., & Dobash, R. P. (1979). Violence against wives. New York: Free Press.
- Dobash, R. P., & Dobash, R. E. (2004). Women’s violence to men in intimate relationship: Working on a puzzle. British Journal of Criminology, 44(3), 324–349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azh026.
- Dutton, D. G. (1994). Patriarchy and wife assault: The ecological fallacy. Violence and Victims, 9(2), 167–182.
- Fakunmoju, S. B., & Bammeke, O. (2013). Development of perception of child maltreatment scale: Reliability and validity analyses. SAGE Open, 3(2), 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244013490703.
- Fakunmoju, S., Bammeke, F., Oyekanmi, F. A. D., Temilola, S., & George, B. (2016). Development, validity, and reliability analyses of beliefs about relationship violence against women scale and gender stereotypes and beliefs. International Journal of Asian Social Science, 6(1), 58–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.1/2016.6.1/1.6.58.79.
- Farrell, A. M. (2010). Insufficient discriminant validity: A comment on Bove, Pervan, Beatty, and Shiu (2009). Journal of Business Research, 63(3), 324–327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.05.003.
- Fawole, O., Aderonmu, A. L., & Fawole, A. O. (2005). Intimate partner abuse: Wife beating among civil servants in Ibadan, Nigeria. African Journal of Reproductive Health, 9(2), 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3583462.
- Flood, M. (2008). Measures for the assessment of dimensions of violence against women: A compendium. http://www.svri. org/measures.pdf.
- Flood, M., & Pease, B. (2009). Factors influencing attitudes to violence against women. Trauma, Violence & Abuse, 10(2), 125–142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524838009334131.
- Fox, A. M., Jackson, S. S., Hansen, N. B., Gasa, N., Crewe, M., & Sikkema, K. J. (2007). In their own voices: A qualitative study of women’s risk for intimate partner violence and HIV in South Africa. Violence Against Women, 13(6), 583–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801207299209.
- Gregorich, S. E. (2006). Do self-report instruments allow meaningful comparisons across diverse population groups? Testing measurement invariance using the confirmatory factor analysis framework. Medical Care, 44(11, Suppl. 3), S78–S94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mlr.0000245454.12228.8f.
- Harrington, D. (2009). Confirmatory factor analysis. New York: Oxford University Press.
- Corporation, I. B. M. (2011). IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0. Armonk: Author.
- Ibrahim, M. S., Idris, S. H., Umar, A. A., Bashir, S. S., & Gobir, A. A. (2014). Men’s perspectives on intimate partner abuse in an urban community in North-Western Nigeria. Annals of Nigerian Medicine, 8(1), 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0331-3131.141028.
- Johnson, S. A. (2007). Physical abusers and sexual offenders: Forensic and clinical strategies. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis.
- Joshanloo, M., Lepshokova, Z. K., Panyusheva, T., Natalia, A., Poon, W., Yeung, V. W., . . . Jiang, D.-Y. (2014). Cross-cultural validation of Fear of Happiness Scale across 14 national groups. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 45(2), 246–264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022113505357.
- Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (2nd edn). New York: Guilford.
- Lowry, P. B., Gaskin, J., Twyman, N., Hammer, B., & Roberts, T. I. (2013). Taking ‘fun and games’ seriously: Proposing the Hedonic-Motivation System Adoption Model (HMSAM). Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 14, 617–671.
- Mauricio, A. M., & Gormley, B. (2001). Male perpetration of physical violence against female partners: The interaction of dominance needs and attachment insecurity. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 16(10), 1066–1081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/088626001016010006.
- McMahon, S. (2010). Rape myth beliefs and bystander attitudes among incoming college students. Journal of American College Health, 59(1), 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2010.483715.
- McMahon, S., & Farmer, G. (2011). An updated measure for assessing subtle rape myths. Social Work Research, 35(2), 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/swr/35.2.71.
- Milfont, T. L., & Fischer, R. (2010). Testing measurement invariance across groups: Applications in cross-cultural research. International Journal of Psychological Research, 3(1), 111–121.
- Montalvo-Liendo, N. (2009). Cross-cultural factors in disclosure of intimate partner violence: An integrated review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 65(1), 20–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04850.x.
- Mossholder, K. W., Bennett, N., Kemery, E. R., & Wesolowski, M. A. (1998). Relationships between bases of power and work reactions: The mediational role of procedural justice. Journal of Management, 24(4), 533–552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014920639802400404.
- Muthén, B., & Asparouhov, T. (2013). BSEM measurement invariance analysis. www.statmodel.com
- Muthén, B., & Christoffersson, A. (1981). Simultaneous factor analysis of dichotomous variables in several groups. Psychometrika, 46(4), 407–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02293798.
- Nabors, E. L., Dietz, T. L., & Jasinski, J. (2006). Domestic violence beliefs and perceptions among college students. Violence and Victims, 21(6), 779–795. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.21.6.779.
- O’Leary, K. D. (1999). Psychological abuse: A variable deserving critical attention in domestic violence. Violence and Victims, 14(1), 3–23.
- Okemgbo, C. N., Omideyi, A. K., & Odimegwu, C. O. (2002). Prevalence, patterns and correlates of domestic violence in selected Igbo communities of Imo State, Nigeria. African Journal of Reproductive Health, 6(2), 101–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3583136.
- Oyediran, K. A., & Isiugo-Abanihe, U. C. (2005). Perceptions of Nigerian women on domestic violence: Evidence from 2003 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey. African Journal of Reproductive Health, 9(2), 38–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3583461.
- Payne, D. L., Lonsway, K. A., & Fitzgerald, L. F. (1999). Rape myth acceptance: Exploration of its structure and its measurement using the Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale. Journal of Research in Personality, 33(1), 27–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jrpe.1998.2238.
- Postmus, J. L., & Merritt, D. H. (2010). When child abuse overlaps with domestic violence: The factors that influence child protection workers’ beliefs. Children and Youth Services Review, 32(3), 309–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2009.09.011.
- Snell, W. E.Jr., & Finney, P. D. (1993). Measuring relational aspects of the self: Relational-esteem, relational-depression, and relational-preoccupation. Contemporary Social Psychology, 17, 44–55.
- Snell, W. E.Jr., Schicke, M., & Arbeiter, T. (2002). The Multidimensional relationship questionnaire: Psychological dispositions associated with intimate relations. In W. E. Snell, Jr. (Ed.), New directions in the psychology of intimate relations: Research and theory. (Ch. 4). Cape Girardeau: Snell Publications. http://cstl-cla.semo.edu/snell/books/intimate/intimate.htm.
- Snell, W. E.Jr., & Finney, P. D. (2013). The Relational Assessment Questionnaire (RAQ). www.midss.ie.
- StataCorp. (2013). Stata Statistical Software: Release 13. College Station: Author.
- Strauchler, O., McCloskey, K., Malloy, K., Sitaker, M., Grigsby, N., & Gillig, P. (2004). Humiliation, manipulation, and control: Evidence of centrality in domestic violence against an adult partner. Journal of Family Violence, 19(6), 339–346. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10896-004-0679-4.
- Suarez, E., & Gadalla, T. M. (2010). Stop blaming the victim: A meta-analysis on rape myths. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 25(11), 2010–2035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260509354503.
- Timmons, A. C. (2010). Establishing factorial invariance for multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis. http://crmda. dept.ku.edu/resources/kuantguides/22.
- Torsheim, T., Samdal, O., Rasmussen, M., Freeman, J., Griebler, R., & Dür, W. (2012). Cross-national measurement invariance of the Teacher and Classmate Support Scale. Social Indicators Research, 105(1), 145–160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11205-010-9770-9.
- Tracy, S. R. (2007). Patriarchy and domestic violence: Challenging common misconceptions. http://www.etsjets. org/files/JETS-PDFs/50/50-3/JETS_50-3_573-594_Tracy.pdf.
- Tran, T. V. (2009). Developing cross-cultural measurement. New York: Oxford University Press.
- United Nations Human Rights Council. (2014). Gender stereotypes and stereotyping and women’s rights. http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/Women/WRGS/OnePagers/Gender_stereotyping.pdf.
- van de Schoot, R., Lugtig, P., & Hox, J. (2012). A checklist for testing measurement invariance. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9(4), 486–492. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2012.686740.
- Widaman, K. F., Ferrer, E., & Conger, R. D. (2010). Factorial invariance within longitudinal structural equation models: Measuring the same construct across time. Child Development Perspectives,4(1), 10–18. doi:10.1111/j.1750-8606.2009.00110.x.
- Willis, C. N. (2008). Domestic violence: Causes and cures and anger management. https://books.google.com/id=c1_9nzCi4W0C&pg=PA9#v=onepage&q&f=false.