References
- Adams, G. R. (1998). The Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status. A reference manual. Guelph, Canada: University of Guelph.
- Albert, D., Chein, J., & Steinberg, L. (2013). The teenage brain: Peer influences on adolescent decision making. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 22(2), 114–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721412471347
- Alberts, C. (2000). Identity formation among African late adolescents in a contemporary South African context. International Journal for the Advancement of Counseling, 22(1), 23–42. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005443007076
- Alberts, C., & Bennet, M.J. (2000, September). Identity formation among IsiXhosa-speaking adolescents from a rural South African (Eastern Cape) community. Poster presented at the 7th Biennial Conference of the Caucasian Association for Research on adolescence, Jena, Germany.
- Alberts, C. (1990). Identity formation of Black university students: An empirical investigation. Paper presented at the 8th National Conference of the Psychological Association of South Africa, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
- Andrew, M., & Flashman, J. (2017). School transitions, peer influence, and educational expectation formation: Girls and boys. Social Science Research, 61, 218–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2016.06.016
- Archer, S. L., & Waterman, A. S. (1994). Adolescent identity development: Contextual perspectives. In C. B. Fisher & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), Applied Developmental psychology, 499–514. New York: McGraw-Hill.
- Arthur, J., & Waring, M. (2012). Research methods and methodologies in education. Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
- Bartoszuk, K., & Pittman, J. (2010). Profiles of identity exploration and commitment across domains. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 19(4), 444–450. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-009-9315-5
- Brown, D. (2003). Career Information, Career Counselling, and Career Development (8th ed.). New York: Pearson Education, Inc.
- Chae, M. H. (2001). Gender and ethnicity in identity formation. The New Jersey Journal of Professional Counselling, 56, 17–23. http://www.angelfire.com/journal2/njca/Gender.pdf
- Erikson, E. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. New York: Norton.
- Grotevant, H. D. & Cooper, C. R. (1981). Assessing adolescent identity in the areas of occupation, religion, politics, friendships, dating, and sex roles: Manual for the administration and coding of the interview. Washington, DC: American psychological Association.
- Hess, M., Ittel, A., & Sisler, A. (2014). Gender-specific macro-and micro-level processes in the transmission of gender role orientation in adolescence: The role of fathers. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 11(2), 211–226. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2013.879055
- Harris, J. R. (1998). The nurture assumption: Why children turn out the way they do. New York: Free Press
- Hess, M., Ittel, A. & Sister, A, (2014). Gender-specific macro and micro-level processes in the transmission of gender role orientation in adolescence: The role of fathers. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 11(2), 211–226.
- Iorga, A. M. (2015). The role of family socialising in building gender identity. Scientific Papers: Management. Economic Engineering in Agriculture & Development, 15(2), 161–166. http://managementjournal.usamv.ro/index.php/scientific-papers/930-the-role-of-family-socializing-in-building-gender-identity-930
- Kaufman, G., & Bemhardt, E. (2015). Gender, work and childbearing: Couple analysis of work adjustments after the transition to parenthood. Community Work & Family, 18(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/13668803.2014.928610
- Kroger, J. (2000). Identity development: Adolescence through adulthood. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
- Louw, D. A. (1991). Human Development. Pretoria: Haum Tertiary.
- Marcia, J. E. (1964). Determination and construct validation of ego identity status (Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation). Ohio State University, Columbus.
- Marcia, J. E. (1966). Development and validation of ego identity status. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 3(5), 551–558. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0023281
- Marcia, J. E. (1993). The ego identity status approach to ego identity. In J. E. Marcia, A. S. Waterman, D. R. Matteson, S. L. Archer, & S. L. Orlofsky (Eds.), Ego Identity: A handbook for psychological research (pp. 3–21). New York, NY: Springer-Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8330-7_1
- Mensch, B. S., Ibrahim, B. L., Lee, S. M., & El-Gibaly, O. (2003). Gender-role attitudes among Egyptian adolescents. Studies in Family Planning, 34(1), 8–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4465.2003.00008.x
- Phinney, J. (1990). Ethnic identity in adolescents and adults: A review of research. Psychological Bulletin, 108(3), 499–514. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.108.3.499
- Rogers, S. J., & Amato, P. R. (2000). Have changes in gender relations affected marital quality? Social Forces, 79(2), 731–753. https://doi.org/10.2307/2675515
- Sandhu, D., & Tung, S. (2006). Gender differences in adolescent identity formation. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 21(1-2), 29–40.
- Savin-Williams, R. C. (1998). And then I became gay”: Young men’s stories. New York: Routledge.
- Shapiro, A. S. S., & Margolin, G. (2014). Growing up wired: Social networking sites and adolescent psychosocial development. Clinical Child and Family Review, 17 (1), 1–18. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23645343
- Sharp, E. H., Coatsworth, J. D., Darling, N., Cumsille, P., & Ranieri, S. (2007). Gender differences in the self-defining activities and identity experiences of adolescents and emerging adults. Journal of Adolescence, 30(2), 251–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2006.02.006
- Steinberg, L., & Morris, A. S. (2001). Adolescent development. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 83–110. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.83
- Wisnieski, D., Sieving, R., & Garwick, A. (2015). Parent and family influences on Young women’s romantic and sexual decisions. Sex Education, 15(2), 144–157. https://doi.org/10.1080/14681811.2014.986798