References
- Abungu , G. 1996 . Forte Jesus de Mombaça. Poder, autoridade e conflito . Oceanos , 28 ( October– December ) : 96 – 102 .
- Akama , S. D. and Kieti , D. 2003 . Measuring tourist satisfaction with Kenya's wildlife safari: a case study of Tsavo West National Park . Tourism Management , 24 : 73 – 81 .
- Akama , S. D. and Kieti , D. 2007 . Tourism and socio-economic development in developing countries: A case study of Mombasa Resort in Kenya . Journal of Sustainable Tourism , 15 ( 6 ) : 735 – 748 .
- Awuor , E. and Mwakio , P. 2008 . Kenya: Fort Jesus Records Losses . East African Standard , 25 February
- Barthes , R. 1972[1964] . “ ‘The Eiffel Tower’ ” . In Mythologies , Edited by: Lavers , A. 236 – 50 . New York : Hill and Wang .
- Boxer , C. R. and Azevedo , C. 1960 . Fort Jesus and the Portuguese in Mombasa, 1593–1729 , London : Hollis and Carter .
- Brandão , A. P. 1989 . “ O Oriente ” . In História das Fortificações Portuguesas no Mundo , Edited by: Moreira , R. 159 – 187 . Lisbon : Alfa .
- Bruner , E. M. 2005 . Culture on Tour. Ethnographies of Travel , Chicago : University of Chicago Press .
- Caplan , P. 2007 . But the coast, of course, is quite different: Academic and Local Ideas about the East African Littoral . Journal of Eastern African Studies , 1 ( 2 ) : 305 – 320 .
- Cohen , E. 1985 . The tourist guide: The origins, structure and dynamics of a role . Annals of Tourism Research , 12 : 5 – 29 .
- Cohen , E. H. , Ifergan , M. and Cohen , E. 2002 . A new paradigm in guiding. The Madrich as a role model . Annals of Tourism Research , 29 ( 4 ) : 919 – 932 .
- Dahles , H. 2002 . The politics of tour guiding image management in Indonesia . Annals of Tourism Research , 29 ( 3 ) : 783 – 800 .
- Demissie , F. 2007 . Imperial legacies and postcolonial predicaments: an introduction . African Identities , 5 ( 2 ) : 155 – 165 .
- Dunn , K. C. 2004 . Fear of a Black planet: Anarchy anxieties and postcolonial travel to Africa . Third World Quarterly , 25 ( 3 ) : 483 – 499 .
- Farah , I. 2006 . The national museums of Kenya: Achievements and challenges . Museums International , 58 ( 1–2 ) : 19 – 28 .
- Hodgkin , K. and Radstone , S. 2003 . “ Introduction. Contested pasts ” . In Contested Pasts. The Politics of Memory , Edited by: Hodgkin , K. and Radstone , S. 1 – 22 . London : Routledge .
- Holloway , J. 1981 . The guided tour: A sociological approach . Annals of Tourism Research , 8 : 377 – 402 .
- Hottola , P. 2005 . The metaspatialities of control management in tourism: Backpacking in India . Tourism Geographies , 7 ( 1 ) : 1 – 22 .
- Hoyle , B. 2001 . Urban renewal in East African port cities: Mombasa's Old Town waterfront . GeoJournal , 53 : 183 – 197 .
- Irandu , E. M. 2004 . The role of tourism in conservation of cultural heritage in Kenya . Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research , 9 ( 2 ) : 133 – 150 .
- Jamison , D. 1999 . Tourism and ethnicity. The brotherhood of coconuts . Annals of Tourism Research , 26 ( 4 ) : 994 – 967 .
- Johnson , N. C. 2002 . Mapping monuments: the shaping of public space and cultural identities . Visual Communication , 1 ( 3 ) : 293 – 298 .
- Johnson , N. C. 2003 . Ireland, the Great War and the Geography of Remembrance , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
- Kaplan , C. 1996 . Questions of Travel: Postmodern Discourses of Displacement , Durham : Duke University Press .
- Kasfir , S. L. 2004 . Tourist aesthetics in the global flow: Orientalism and “warrior theatre” on the Swahili coast . Visual Anthropology , 17 : 319 – 343 .
- KEEA . 2003 . The Elmina 2015 Strategy: Building on the Past to Create a Better Future , Elmina : Komenda Edina Eguafo Abrem District Assembly .
- Kenya Government . 2007 . Kenya Economic Survey 2007 , Nairobi : Central Bureau Statistics .
- Kenya National Bureau of Statistics . 2007 . Facts and Figures 2007 , Nairobi : KNBS .
- Kenya Tourism Board . 2008 . Available at http://www.agicalkenya.com (accessed 28 February 2008)
- Kirkman , J. 1964 . Men and Monuments on the East African Coast , London : Lutterworth Press .
- Kirkman , J. 1974 . Fort Jesus: a Portuguese Fortress on the East African Coast , Oxford : Clarendon Press .
- Kirkman , J. 1981 . Fort Jesus, Mombasa , Mombasa : National Museum of Kenya .
- Library of Congress . 2007 . Country Profile: Kenya, June 2007 , Washington : Federal Research Division .
- Linehan , D. and Sarmento , J. 2009 . “ Spacing forgetting: the birth of the museum at Fort Jesus, Mombasa and the legacies of the colonization of memory ” . In Cultural Memories – the Geographical Viewpoint , Edited by: Heffernan , M. , Meusburger , P. and Wunder , E. Dordrecht : Springer . Series Knowledge and Space, 4
- MacCannell , D. 1976 . The Tourist: a New Theory of the Leisure Class , New York : Schocken Books .
- MacGonagle , E. 2006 . From dungeons to dance parties: contested histories of Ghana's slave forts . Journal of Contemporary African Studies , 24 ( 2 ) : 249 – 260 .
- McConkey , R. and McErlean , T. 2007 . Mombasa Island: A maritime perspective . International Journal of Historical Archaeology , 11 ( 2 ) : 99 – 121 .
- Middleton , J. 1992 . The World of Swahili: an African Mercantile Civilization , New Haven : Yale University Press .
- Ndi , A. 2007 . Metropolitanism, capital and patrimony: theorizing the postcolonial West African city . African Identities , 5 ( 2 ) : 167 – 180 .
- Nora , P. 1989 . Between memory and history: Les lieux de mémoire . Representations , 26 : 7 – 25 .
- Ondimu , K. I. 2002 . Cultural tourism in Kenya . Annals of Tourism Research , 29 ( 4 ) : 1036 – 1047 .
- Piercy , R. C. M. 1983 . The Mombasa wreck excavation . Museum , XXXV ( 1 ) : 27 – 29 .
- Pizam , A. and Jeong , Gang-Hoan . 1996 . Cross-cultural tourist behaviour. Perceptions of Korean tour-guides . Tourist Management , 17 ( 4 ) : 277 – 286 .
- Rakodi , C. , Gatabaki-Kamau , R. and Devas , N. 2000 . Poverty and political conflict in Mombasa . Environment and Urbanization , 12 ( 1 ) : 153 – 170 .
- Salazar , N. B. 2005 . Tourism and glocalisation. Local tour guiding . Annals of Tourism Research , 32 ( 3 ) : 628 – 646 .
- Salazar , N. B. 2006 . Touristifying Tanzania. Local guides, global discourses . Annals of Tourism Research , 33 ( 3 ) : 833 – 852 .
- Sarmento , J. 2009 . A sweet and amnesic present: Landscape and memory makings in Cape Verde . Social & Cultural Geography , 10(5) : 523 – 544 .
- Sindiga , I. 1996 . International tourism in Kenya and the marginalization of the Waswahili . Tourism Management , 17 ( 6 ) : 425 – 432 .
- Steinhart , E. 2006 . Black Poachers, White Hunters: A Social History of Hunting in Colonial Kenya , Ohio : Ohio University Press .
- UNAIDS . 2006 . Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic , Geneva : UNAIDS .
- Urry , J. 2002 . The Tourist Gaze , London : Sage .
- Walsh , K. 1992 . The Representation of the Past: Museums and Heritage in the Post-Modern World , London : Routledge .
- Wazwa , M. 2006 . The Fort Jesus museum in Mombasa: Its experience regarding social networks in urban and rural environments . Museum International , 58 ( 1–2 ) : 113 – 119 . 229 – 230 .