Weather sensitivity and climate change perceptions of tourists: a segmentation analysis

References

• Becken, S. (2012). Measuring the effect of weather on tourism: A destination- and activity-based analysis. Journal of Travel Research, 52(2), 156–167. doi:10.1177/0047287512461569
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Becken, S., & Hay, J. E. (2007). Tourism and climate change: Risks and opportunities. Tonawanda, NY: Multilingual Matters.
   Google Scholar
• Becken, S., & Wilson, J. (2013). The impacts of weather on tourist travel. Tourism Geographies, 15(4), 620–639. doi:10.1080/14616688.2012.762541
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bicikova, K. (2014). Understanding student travel behavior: A segmentation analysis of British university students. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 31(7), 854–867. doi:10.1080/10548408.2014.890154
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brownlee, M. T. J., Hallo, J. C., & Krohn, B. D. (2013). Botanical garden visitors’ perceptions of local climate impacts: Awareness, concern, and behavioral responses. Managing Leisure, 18(2), 97–117. doi:10.1080/13606719.2013.752209
   Google Scholar
• Brownlee, M. T. J., Hallo, J. C., Wright, B. A., Moore, D., & Powell, R. B. (2013). Visiting a climate-influenced national park: The stability of climate change perceptions. Environmental Management, 52, 1132–1148. doi:10.1007/s00267-013-0153-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brownlee, M. T. J., Powell, R. B., & Hallo, J. C. (2013). A review of the foundational processes that influence beliefs in climate change: Opportunities for environmental education research. Environmental Education Research, 19(1), 1–20. doi:10.1080/13504622.2012.683389
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cadarso, M.-Á., Gómez, N., López, L.-A., Tobarra, M.-Á., & Zafrilla, J.-E. (2015). Quantifying Spanish tourism's carbon footprint: The contributions of residents and visitors: a longitudinal study. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 23(6), 922–946. doi:10.1080/09669582.2015.1008497
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiang, C. C., Wang, M. Y., Lee, C. F., & Chen, Y. C. (2015). Assessing travel motivations of cultural tourists: A factor-cluster segmentation analysis. Journal of Information & Optimization Sciences, 36(3), 269–282. doi:10.1080/02522667.2014.996028.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi, A. S., Ritchie, B. W., & Fielding, K. S. (2016). A mediation model of air travelers’ voluntary climate action. Journal of Travel Research, 55(6), 709–723. doi:10.1177/0047287515581377
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dawson, J., & Scott, D. (2013). Managing for climate change in the alpine ski sector. Tourism Management, 35, 244–254. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2012.07.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Urioste-Stone, S. M., Le, L., Scaccia, M. D., & Wilkins, E. (2016). Nature-based tourism and climate change risk: Visitors’ perceptions in mount desert island, Maine. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2016.01.003i
   Google Scholar
• De Urioste-Stone, S. M., Scaccia, M. D., & Howe-Poteet, D. (2015). Exploring visitor perceptions of the influence of climate change on tourism at Acadia National Park, Maine. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 11, 34–43. doi:10.1016/j.jort.2015.07.001
   Google Scholar
• Denstadli, J. M., Jacobsen, J. K. S., & Lohmann, M. (2011). Tourist perceptions of summer weather in Scandinavia. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(3), 920–940. doi:10.1016/j.annals.2011.01.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dillman, D. A., Smyth, J. D., & Christian, L. M. (2014). Internet, phone, mail, and mixed-mode surveys: The tailored design method (4th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Explore Maine. (2014). Explore Maine by tourism region. Retrieved from http://www.exploremaine.org/region/index.shtml
   Google Scholar
• Falk, M. (2014). Impact of weather conditions on tourism demand in the peak summer season over the last 50 years. Tourism Management Perspectives, 9, 24–35. doi:10.1016/j.tmp.2013.11.001
   Google Scholar
• Fernandez, I. J., Schmitt, C. V., Birkel, S. D., Stancioff, E., Pershing, A. J., Kelley, J. T., … Mayewski, P. A. (2015). Maine's climate future: 2015 update. Orono, ME: University of Maine.
   Google Scholar
• Forests for Maine's Future. (2011). FAQ's about Maine's forests. Retrieved from http://www.forestsformainesfuture.org/forest-facts/
   Google Scholar
• Gómez Martín, M. B. (2005). Weather, climate and tourism a geographical perspective. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(3), 571–591. doi:10.1016/j.annals.2004.08.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gössling, S., & Peeters, P. (2015). Assessing tourism's global environmental impact 1900-2050. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 23(5), 639–659. doi:10.1080/09669582.2015.1008500
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gössling, S., Haglund, L., Kallgren, H., Revahl, M., & Hultman, J. (2009). Swedish air travellers and voluntary carbon offsets: Towards the co-creation of environmental value? Current Issues in Tourism, 12(1), 1–19. doi:10.1080/13683500802220687
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gössling, S., Scott, D., Hall, C. M., Ceron, J.-P., & Dubois, G. (2012). Consumer behaviour and demand response of tourists to climate change. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(1), 36–58. doi:10.1016/j.annals.2011.11.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall, T. E., Seekamp, E., & Cole, D. (2010). Do recreation motivations and wilderness involvement relate to support for wilderness management? A segmentation analysis. Leisure Sciences, 32(2), 109–124. doi:10.1080/01490400903547096
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hewer, M. J., Scott, D., & Gough, W. A. (2015). Tourism climatology for camping: A case study of two Ontario parks (Canada). Theoretical Applied Climatology, 121(3–4), 401–411. doi:10.1007/s00704-014-1228-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (2013). Summary for policymakers. In T. F. Stocker, D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S. K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex, & P. M. Midgley (Eds.), Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (pp. 2–6). Cambridge and New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Jeuring, J. H. G., & Peters, K. B. M. (2013). The influence of the weather on tourist experiences: Analysing travel blog narratives. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 19(3), 209–219. doi:10.1177/1356766712457104
   Google Scholar
• Leiper, N. (1979). The framework of tourism: Towards a definition of tourism, tourist, and the tourist industry. Annals of Tourism Research, 6(4), 390–407.
   Google Scholar
• Loomis, J. B., & Richardson, R. B. (2006). An external validity test of intended behavior: Comparing revealed preference and intended visitation in response to climate change. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 49(4), 621–630. doi:10.1080/09640560600747562
   Google Scholar
• Maine Office of Tourism. (2016). 2015 Maine tourism highlights. Retrieved from https://visitmaine.com/assets/downloads/2015_FactSheet.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Maine Office of Tourism. (2017). Maine office of tourism visitor tracking research: 2016 Calendar Year Annual Report. Retrieved from https://visitmaine.com/assets/downloads/2016-MOT-Annual-Report.pdf
   Google Scholar
• McKercher, B., Prideaux, B., Cheung, C., & Law, R. (2010). Achieving voluntary reductions in the carbon footprint of tourism and climate change. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(3), 297–317. 10.1080/09669580903395022
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKercher, B., Shoval, N., Park, E., & Kahani, A. (2015). The [limited] impact of weather on tourist behavior in an urban destination. Journal of Travel Research, 54(4), 442–455. doi:10.1177/0047287514522880
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehmetoglu, M. (2005). A case study of nature-based tourists: Specialists versus generalists. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 11(4), 357–369. doi:10.1177/1356766705056634
   Google Scholar
• Mehmetoglu, M. (2007). Nature-based tourists: The relationship between their trip expenditures and activities. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 15(2), 200–215. doi:10.2167/jost642.0
   Google Scholar
• Mieczkowski, Z. (1985). The tourism climate index: A method of evaluating world climates for tourism. The Canadian Geographer, 29(3), 220–233.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreno, A., & Amelung, B. (2009). Climate change and tourist comfort on Europe's beaches in summer: A reassessment. Coastal Management, 37, 550–568.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreno, A., Amelung, B., & Santamarta, L. (2009). Linking beach recreation to weather conditions: A case study in Zandvoort, Netherlands. Tourism in Marine Environments, 5(2–3), 111–119.
   Google Scholar
• Morgan, R., Gatell, E., Junyent, R., Micallef, A., Ozhan, E., & Williams, A. T. (2000). An improved user-based beach climate index. Journal of Coastal Conservation, 6, 41–50.
   Google Scholar
• Pröbstl-Haider, U., & Haider, W. (2013). Tools for measuring the intention for adapting to climate change by winter tourists: Some thoughts on consumer behavior research and an empirical example. Tourism Review, 68(2), 44–55. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-04-2013-0015
   Google Scholar
• Pröbstl-Haider, U., Haider, W., Wirth, V., & Beardmore, B. (2015). Will climate change increase the attractiveness of summer destinations in the European Alps? A survey of German tourists. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 11, 44–57. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2015.07.003
   Google Scholar
• Rastogi, R., Harikrishna, M., & Patil, A. (2015). Segmentation analysis of domestic tourists – A case study. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 19(5), 1509–1522. doi:10.1007/s12205-015-0673-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roser-Renouf, C., Maibach, E. W., Leiserowitz, A., & Zhao, X. (2014). The genesis of climate change activism: From key beliefs to political action. Climatic Change, 125, 163–178. doi:10.1007/s10584-014-1173-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rutty, M., & Scott, D. (2010). Will the Mediterranean become “too hot” for tourism? A reassessment. Tourism and Hospitality Planning and Development, 7(3), 267–281. doi:10.1080/1479053X.2010.502386
   Google Scholar
• Rutty, M., & Scott, D. (2014). Thermal range of coastal tourism resort microclimates. Tourism Geographies, 16(3), 346–363. doi:10.1080/14616688.2014.932833
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rutty, M., & Scott, D. (2016). Comparison of climate preferences for domestic and international beach holidays: A case study of Canadian travelers. Atmosphere, 7(30), 1–12. doi:10.3390/atmos7020030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scheaffer, R. L., Mendenhall, W., III, Ott, R. L., & Gerow, K. G. (2012). Elementary survey sampling (7th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
   Google Scholar
• Scott, D., Dawson, J., & Jones, B. (2008). Climate change vulnerability of the US northeast winter recreation - tourism sector. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 13(5–6), 577–596. doi:10.1007/s11027-007-9136-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott, D., Gössling, S., & Hall, C. M. (2012). International tourism and climate change. WIREs Climate Change, 3, 213–232. doi:10.1002/wcc.165
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott, D., Gössling, S., & de Freitas, C. (2008). Preferred climates for tourism: Case studies from Canada, New Zealand and Sweden. Climate Research, 45(December), 61–73. doi:10.3354/cr00774
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott, D., Jones, B., & Konopek, J. (2007). Implications of climate and environmental change for nature-based tourism in the Canadian Rocky Mountains: A case study of Waterton Lakes National Park. Tourism Management, 28(2), 570–579. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2006.04.020
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott, D., McBoyle, G., & Schwartzentruber, M. (2004). Climate change and the distribution of climatic resources for tourism in North America. Climate Research, 27, 105–117.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Segerstedt, A., & Grote, U. (2016). Increasing adoption of voluntary carbon offsets among tourists. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 24(11), 1541–1554. doi:10.1080/09669582.2015.1125357
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharp, H., Grundius, J., & Heinonen, J. (2016). Carbon footprint of inbound tourism to Iceland: A consumption-based life-cycle assessment including direct and indirect emissions. Sustainability, 8(1147). doi:10.3390/su8111147
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, K. (1993). The influence of weather and climate on recreation and tourism. Weather, 48, 398–404.
   Google Scholar
• Steiger, R., Abegg, B., & Jänicke, L. (2016). Rain, rain, go away, come again another day. Weather preferences of summer tourists in mountain environments. Atmosphere, 7(63), 1–12. doi:10.3390/atmos7050063
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stynes, D. J., & White, E. M. (2006). Reflections on measuring recreation and travel spending. Journal of Travel Research, 45, 8–16. doi:10.1177/0047287506288873
   Google Scholar
• Vaske, J. J. (2008). Survey research and analysis: Applications in parks, recreation and human dimensions. State College, PA: Venture Publishing, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Wedel, M., & Kamakura, W. A. (2000). Market segmentation: Conceptual and methodological foundations. New York, NY: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Wight, P. A. (2001). Ecotourists: Not a homogeneous market segment. In D. B. Weaver (Ed.), The encyclopedia of ecotourism (pp. 37–62). New York, NY: CABI Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• World Travel & Tourism Council. (2017). Travel & tourism: Economic impact 2017 United States. Retrieved from https://www.wttc.org/-/media/files/reports/economic-impact-research/countries-2017/unitedstates2017.pdf
   Google Scholar