References
- Baum, M. A. 2003. “Soft News and Political Knowledge: Evidence of Absence or Absence of Evidence?.” Political Communication 20 (2): 173–190. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10584600390211181.
- Baumgartner, J., and A. B. Becker. 2018. Political Humor in a Changing Media Landscape: A New Generation of Research. Lanham: Lexington Books.
- Baumgartner, J. C., and B. Lockerbie. 2018. “Maybe it Is More Than a Joke: Satire, Mobilization, and Political Participation.” Social Science Quarterly 99 (3): 1060–1074. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/ssqu.12501.
- Baym, G. 2005. “The Daily Show: Discursive Integration and the Reinvention of Political Journalism.” Political Communication 22 (3): 259–276. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10584600591006492.
- Becker, A. B. 2012. “Comedy Types and Political Campaigns: The Differential Influence of Other-Directed Hostile Humor and Self-Ridicule on Candidate Evaluations.” Mass Communication and Society 15 (6): 791–812. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2011.628431.
- Becker, A. B., and L. Bode. 2018. “Satire as a Source for Learning? The Differential Impact of News versus Satire Exposure on Net Neutrality Knowledge Gain.” Information, Communication & Society 21 (4): 612–625. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2017.1301517.
- Bennett, L. W., and B. Pfetsch. 2018. “Rethinking Political Communication in a Time of Disrupted Public Spheres.” Journal of Communication 68 (2): 243–253. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/joc/jqx017.
- Bessant, J. 2017. “New Politics and Satire: The Euro Financial Crisis and the One-Finger Salute.” Information, Communication & Society 20 (7): 1057–1072. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2016.1206138.
- Best, J. J. 1986. “Editorial Cartoonists: A Descriptive Survey.” Newspaper Research Journal 7 (2): 29–37. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/073953298600700204.
- Blumler, J. G. 2018. “The Crisis of Public Communication, 1995–2017.” Javnost - The Public 25 (1–2): 83–92. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13183222.2018.1418799.
- Bode, L., and A. B. Becker. 2018. “Go Fix It: Comedy as an Agent of Political Activation.” Social Science Quarterly 99 (5): 1572–1584. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/ssqu.12521.
- Brewer, P. R., and E. Marquardt. 2007. “Mock News and Democracy: Analyzing The Daily Show.” Atlantic Journal of Communication 15 (4): 249–267. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15456870701465315.
- Brugman, B. C., C. Burgers, C. J. Beukeboom, and E. A. Konijn. 2021. “From The Daily Show to Last Week Tonight: A Quantitative Analysis of Discursive Integration in Satirical Television News.” Journalism Studies. Advance Online Publication. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2021.1929416
- Christians, C. G., T. L. Glasser, D. McQuail, K. Nordenstreng, and R. A. White. 2009. Normative Theories of the Media: Journalism in Democratic Societies. Illinois: University of Illinois Press.
- Crittenden, V. L., L. M. Hopkins, and J. M. Simmons. 2011. “Satirists as Opinion Leaders: Is Social Media Redefining Roles?” Journal of Public Affairs 11 (3): 174–180. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/pa.400.
- Day, A. 2011. Satire and Dissent. Interventions in Contemporary Political Debates. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
- Dörner, A. 2013. ““So schmeckt die Zukunft.” [“This Is What the Future Tastes Like.”].” In Politische Kommunikation in der Repräsentativen Demokratie der Bundesrepublik Deutschland [Political Communication in the Representative Democracy of the Federal Republic of Germany], edited by E. Czerwick, 165–189. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien.
- Esser, F., and C. Neuberger. 2019. “Realizing the Democratic Functions of Journalism in the Digital Age: New Alliances and a Return to Old Values.” Journalism 20 (1): 194–197. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884918807067.
- Farjami, M. 2017. Iranian Political Satirists. Experience and Motivation in the Contemporary Era. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
- Farnsworth, S. J., and S. R. Lichter. 2020. Late Night with Trump. Political Humor and the American Presidency. New York: Routledge.
- Feldman, L. 2013. “Cloudy with a Chance of Heat Balls: The Portrayal of Global Warming on The Daily Show and The Colbert Report.” International Journal of Communication 7: 430–451.
- Feldman, L., and D. G. Young. 2008. “Late-Night Comedy as a Gateway to Traditional News: An Analysis of Time Trends in News Attention Among Late-Night Comedy Viewers During the 2004 Presidential Primaries.” Political Communication 25 (4): 401–422. doi:1080/10584600802427013.
- Ferrari, E. 2018. “Fake Accounts, Real Activism: Political Faking and User-Generated Satire as Activist Intervention.” New Media & Society 20 (6): 2208–2223. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444817731918.
- Fox, J. R. 2018. “Journalist or Jokester?” In Political Humor in a Changing Media Landscape: A New Generation of Research, edited by J. Baumgartner, and A. B. Becker, 29–44. Lanham: Lexington Books.
- Fox, J. R., G. Koloen, and V. Sahin. 2007. “No Joke: A Comparison of Substance in The Daily Show with Jon Steward and Broadcast Network Television Coverage of the 2004 Presidential Election Campaign.” Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media 51 (2): 213–227. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/08838150701304621.
- Fox, J. R., and E. Steinberg. 2020. “News You Can’t Use: Jon Stewart’s Daily Show Media Critiques.” Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 97 (1): 235–256. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699019851228.
- Freelon, D., A. B. Becker, R. Lannon, and A. Pendleton. 2016. “Closing the Gap: Gender and Mobilization in Net Neutrality Advocacy.” International Journal of Communication 10: 5908–5930.
- Glaser, B. G., and A. Strauss. 1967. The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
- Gray, J., J. P. Jones, and E. Thompson. 2009. “The State of Satire, the Satire of State.” In Satire TV. Politics and Comedy in the Post-Network Era, edited by J. Gray, J. P. Jones, and E. Thompson, 3–36. New York: The New York University Press.
- Hanitzsch, T., and T. P. Vos. 2016. “Journalism Beyond Democracy: A New Look Into Journalistic Roles in Political and Everyday Life.” Journalism 19 (2): 146–164. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884916673386.
- Hanitzsch, T., T. P. Vos, O. Standaert, F. Hanusch, J. F. Hovden, L. Hermans, and J. Ramaprasad. 2020. “Role Orientations: Journalists’ Views on Their Place in Society.” In Worlds of Journalism. Journalistic Cultures Around the Globe, edited by T. Hanitzsch, F. Hanusch, J. Ramaprasad, and A. S. de Beer, 161–197. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Hanusch, F. 2019. “Journalistic Roles and Everyday Life: An Empirical Account of Lifestyle Journalists’ Professional Views.” Journalism Studies 20 (2): 193–211. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2017.1370977.
- Harrison, K. 2017. “John Oliver: Forging a New Type of Satire.” Manoa Horizons 2 (1): 24–30.
- Hart, R. P., and E. J. Hartelius. 2007. “The Political Sins of Jon Stewart.” Critical Studies in Media Communication 24 (3): 263–272. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/07393180701520991.
- Holbert, R. L. 2005. “Intramedia Mediation: The Cumulative and Complementary Effects of News Media Use.” Political Communication 22 (4): 447–461. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10584600500311378.
- Holbert, R. L. 2013. “Developing a Normative Approach to Political Satire: An Empirical Perspective.” International Journal of Communication 7: 305–323.
- Holbert, R. L., J. Hmielowski, P. Jain, J. Lather, and A. Morey. 2011. “Adding Nuance to the Study of Political Humor Effects: A Study of Juvenalian Satire versus Horatian Satire.” American Behavioral Scientist 55 (3): 187–211. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764210392156.
- Holton, A. E., and V. Belair-Gagnon. 2018. “Strangers to the Game? Interlopers, Intralopers, and Shifting News Production.” Media and Communication 6 (4): 70–78. doi:https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v6i4.1490.
- Jandura, O., and K. Friedrich. 2014. “The Quality of Political Media Coverage.” In Political Communication, edited by C. Reinemann, 351–374. Berlin: De Gruyter.
- Jones, J. P., and G. Baym. 2010. “A Dialogue on Satire News and the Crisis of Truth in Postmodern Political Television.” Journal of Communication Inquiry 34 (3): 278–294. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0196859910373654.
- Kleinen-von Königslöw, K., and G. Keel. 2012. “Localizing The Daily Show: The Heute Show in Germany.” Popular Communication 10 (2–3): 66–79. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15405702.2012.638580.
- Knieper, T. 2002. Die Politische Karikatur. Eine Journalistische Darstellungsform und Deren Produzenten [The Political Caricature. A Journalistic Form of Representation and its Producers]. Köln: Herbert von Halem.
- Koivukoski, J., and S. Ödmark. 2020. “Producing Journalistic News Satire: How Nordic Satirists Negotiate a Hybrid Genre.” Journalism Studies 21 (6): 731–747. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2020.1720522.
- Kovach, B., and T. Rosenstiel. 2014. The Elements of Journalism. What Newspeople Should Know and the Public Should Expect. New York: Three Rivers Press.
- Lichtenstein, D., and K. Koerth. 2020. “Different Shows, Different Stories: How German TV Formats Challenged the Government’s Framing of the Ukraine Crisis.” Media, War & Conflict. Advance Online Publication. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1750635220909977
- Lichtenstein, D., and C. Nitsch. 2018. “Informativ und kritisch? Die Politikdarstellung in Deutschen Satiresendungen.” [“Informative and Critical? The Representations of Politics in German Satire TV Programs.”].” Medien & Kommunikationswissenschaft 66 (1): 5–21. doi:https://doi.org/10.5771/1615-634X-2018-1-5.
- Long, J. A., M. S. Jeong, and S. M. Lavis. 2021. “Political Comedy as a Gateway to News Use, Internal Efficacy, and Participation: A Longitudinal Mediation Analysis.” Human Communication Research 47 (2): 166–191. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/hcr/hqaa011.
- McClennen, S., and R. Maisel. 2014. Is Satire Saving Our Nation? Mockery and American Politics. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Michael, H. 2017. ““Ein mediengattungstheoretischer Modellentwurf zur Beobachtung der Entgrenzung Journalistischer Formate am Beispiel von “Fake News Shows”.” [“A Media Genre Theoretical Model for Observing the Dissolution of Journalistic Formats on the Example of “Fake News Shows“”].”. Medien und Kommunikationswissenschaft 65 (2): 385–405. doi:https://doi.org/10.5771/1615-634X-2017-2-385.
- Nitsch, C., and D. Lichtenstein. 2019. “Satirizing International Crises. The Depiction of the Ukraine, Greek Debt, and Migration Crises in Political Satire.” Studies in Communication Sciences 19 (1): 85–103. doi:https://doi.org/10.24434/j.scoms.2019.01.007.
- Ödmark, S. 2018. “Making News Funny: Differences in News Framing Between Journalists and Comedians.” Journalism. Advance Online Publication. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884918820432.
- Ödmark, S., and J. Harvard. 2021. “The Democratic Roles of Satirists.” Popular Communication. Advance Online Publication. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15405702.2021.1929995
- Papacharissi, Z. 2015. Affective Publics: Sentiment, Technology, and Politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Peifer, J. T., and T. Lee. 2019. “Satire and Journalism.” Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Communication, doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228613.013.871.
- Peters, C., and M. Broersma. 2017. Rethinking Journalism Again. Societal Role and Public Relevance in a Digital age. New York: Routledge.
- Peterson, R. L. 2008. Strange Bedfellows. How Late-Night Comedy Turns Democracy Into a Joke. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
- Prior, M. 2007. Post-Broadcast Democracy. How Media Choice Increases Inequality in Political Involvement and Polarizes Elections. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Riffe, D., D. Sneed, and R. Van Ommeren. 1987. “Deciding the Limits of Taste in Editorial Cartooning.” Journalism Quarterly 64 (2–3): 607–610. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/107769908706400252.
- Schapals, K., P. Maares, and F. Hanusch. 2019. “Working on the Margins: Comparative Perspectives on the Roles and Motivations of Peripheral Actors in Journalism.” Media and Communication 7 (4): 19–30. doi:https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v7i4.2374.
- Schudson, M. 2011. The Sociology of News. New York: W. W. Norton.
- Schwarzenegger, C., and A. Wagner. 2018. “Can it be Hate if it is Fun? Discursive Ensembles of Hatred and Laughter in Extreme Right Satire on Facebook.” Studies in Communication | Media 7 (4): 473–498. doi:https://doi.org/10.5771/2192-4007-2018-4-I.
- Shoemaker, P. J., and S. D. Reese. 2014. Mediating the Message in the 21st Century. A Media Sociology Perspective. New York: Routledge.
- Simpson, P. 2003. On the Discourse of Satire: Towards a Stylistic Model of Satirical Humor. John Benjamin Publishing: Amsterdam.
- Strömbäck, J. 2005. “In Search of a Standard: Four Models of Democracy and Their Normative Implications for Journalism.” Journalism Studies 6 (3): 331–345. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14616700500131950.
- Tandoc, Jr., E. C., L. Hellmueller, and T. Vos. 2013. “Mind the Gap: Between Role Conception and Role Enactment.” Journalism Practice 7 (5): 539–554. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2012.726503.
- Test, G. A. 1991. Satire: Spirit and Art. Gainesville: University of South Florida Press.
- Tracy, S. J. 2010. “Qualitative Quality: Eight “Big-Tent” Criteria for Excellent Qualitative Research.” Qualitative Inquiry 16 (10): 837–851. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1077800410383121.
- Van Aelst, P., J. Strömbäck, T. Aalberg, F. Esser, C. H. de Vreese, et al. 2017. “Political Communication in a High-Choice Media Environment: A Challenge for Democracy?” Annals of the International Communication Association 41 (1): 3–27. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/23808985.2017.1288551.
- Wahl-Jorgensen, K. 2019. “Questioning the Ideal of the Public Sphere: The Emotional Turn.” Social Media + Society 5 (3): 1–3. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305119852175.
- Waisanen, D. J. 2018. “The Rise of Advocacy Satire.” In Political Humor in a Changing Media Landscape: A New Generation of Research, edited by J. Baumgartner, and A. Becker, 11–29. Lanham: Lexington Books.
- Xenos, M. A., and A. B. Becker. 2009. “Moments of Zen: Effects of The Daily Show on Information Seeking and Political Learning.” Political Communication 26 (3): 317–332. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10584600903053569.
- Young, D. G. 2013. “Political Satire and Occupy Wall Street: How Comics Co-Opted Strategies of the Protest Paradigm to Legitimize a Movement.” International Journal of Communication 7: 371–393.
- Young, D. G. 2020. Irony and Outrage. The Polarized Landscape of Rage, Fear, and Laughter in the United States. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Zaragoza, M. D. 2018. ““Debats entorn de la funció social de la telesàtira política. La perspectiva de l’equip de producció de Polònia (TV3).” [“Debates on the Social Function of Televisual Political Satire. The Perspective of the Production Crew of Polònia (TV3).”].” Comunicació: Revista de Recerca I D’Anàlisi 35: 47–66. doi:https://doi.org/10.2436/20.3008.01.166.