Associations between mothers' and children's secure base scripts in ADHD and community cohorts

References

• Achenbach , T. M. 1991 . Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist 4–18 and 1991 Profile , Burling ton, VT : University of Vermont Department of Psychiatry .
   Google Scholar
• Alberts-Corush , J. , Firestone , P. and Goodman , J. T. 1986 . Attention and impulsivity characteristics of the biological and adoptive parents of hyperactive and normal children . American Journal of Orthopsychiatry , 56 : 413 – 423 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association . 2002 . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders , Washington, DC : American Psychiatric Association .
   Google Scholar
• Barkley , R. A. 1998 . Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A handbook for diagnosis and treatment , New York, NY : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Barkley , R. A. 2003 . “ Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ” . In Child psychopathology , Edited by: Mash , E. J. and Barkley , R. A. 75 – 143 . New York, NY : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Barkley , R. A. , Karlsson , J. and Pollard , S. 1985 . Effects of age on the mother child interactions of ADD-H and normal boys . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 13 : 631 – 637 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Befera , M. S. and Barkley , R. A. 1985 . Hyperactive and normal girls and boys: Mother child interaction, parent psychiatric status and child psychopathology . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 26 : 439 – 452 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biederman , J. , Faraone , S. V. , Mick , E. , Spencer , T. , Wilens , T. Kiely , K. 1995 . High risk for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among children of parents with childhood onset of the disorder: A pilot study . Journal of American Psychiatry , 152 : 431 – 435 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biederman , J. , Faraone , S. and Monuteaux , M. 2002 . Impact of exposure to parental attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder on clinical features and dysfunction in the offspring . Psychological Medicine , 32 : 817 – 827 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bost , K. K. , Shin , N. , McBride , B. A. , Brown , G. L. , Vaughn , B. E. Coppola , G. 2006 . Maternal secure base scripts, children's attachment security, and mother–child narrative style . Attachment & Human Development , 8 : 241 – 260 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowlby , J. 1982 . Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment , New York, NY : Basic Books . Original work published 1969
   Google Scholar
• Bowlby , J. 1973 . Attachment and loss: Vol. 2. Separation , New York, NY : Basic Books .
   Google Scholar
• Bowlby , J. 1980 . Attachment and loss: Vol. 3. Loss, sadness and depression , New York, NY : Basic Books .
   Google Scholar
• Boyle , M. H. and Jones , S. C. 1985 . Selecting measures of emotional and behavioral disorders of childhood for use in general populations . Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry , 26 : 137 – 159 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bretherton , I. 1991 . “ Pouring new wine in old bottles: The social self as internal working model ” . In Minnesota symposia on child psychology: Vol. 23. Self processes and development , Edited by: Gunnar , M. R. and Sroufe , L. A. 1 – 41 . Hillside, NJ : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Bretherton , I. and Munholland , K. A. 2008 . “ Internal working models in attachment relationships: Elaborating a central construct in attachment theory ” . In Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications , Edited by: Cassidy , J. and Shaver , P. R. 102 – 127 . New York, NY : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Burt , S. A. , McGue , M. , Krueger , R. F. and Iacono , E. G. 2005 . How are parent–child conflict and childhood externalizing symptoms related over time? Results from a genetically informative cross-lagged study . Development and Psychopathology , 17 : 145 – 165 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Camarata , S. M. and Gibson , T. 1999 . Pragmatic language deficits in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) . Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews , 5 : 207 – 214 .
   Google Scholar
• Campbell , S. B. , Breaux , A. M. , Ewing , L. J. and Szumowski , E. K. 1986 . Correlates and predictors of hyperactivity and aggression: A longitudinal study of parent-referred problem preschoolers . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 14 : 217 – 234 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Center for Disease Control . 2005 . Mental health in the United States: Prevalence of diagnosis and medication treatment for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder – United States, 2003 . MMWR , 54 ( 34 ) : 842 – 847 . Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5434a2.htm
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chronis , A. M. , Chacko , A. , Fabiano , G. A. , Wymbs , B. T. and Pelham , W. E. Jr. 2004 . Enhancements to the behavioral parent training paradigm for families of children with ADHD: Review and future directions . Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review , 7 : 1 – 27 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chronis , A. M. , Pelham , W. E. , Gnagy , E. M. , Roberts , J. E. and Aronoff , H. R. 2003 . Impact of late-afternoon stimulant dosing for children with ADHD on parent and parent–child domains . Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology , 32 : 121 – 129 .
   Google Scholar
• Clarke , L. , Ungerer , J. , Chahoud , K. , Johnson , S. and Stiefel , I. 2002 . Attention deficit disorder is associated with attachment insecurity . Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 7 : 179 – 198 .
   Google Scholar
• Collins , W. A. , Maccoby , E. E. , Steinberg , L. , Hetherington , E. M. and Bornstein , M. 2000 . Contemporary research on parenting: the case for nature and nurture . American Psychologist , 55 : 218 – 232 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cunningham , C. E. and Barkley , R. A. 1979 . The interactions of hyperactive and normal children with their mothers in free play and structured task . Child Development , 50 : 217 – 224 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deault , L. C. 2010 . A systematic review of parenting in relation to the development of comorbidities and functional impairments in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) . Child Psychiatry and Human Development , 41 : 168 – 192 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DuPaul , G. J. , McGoey , K. E. , Eckert , T. L. and VanBrakle , J. 2001 . Preschool children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Impairments in behavioral, social, and school functioning . Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry , 40 : 508 – 515 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eyberg , S. M. 1988 . Parent–child interaction therapy: Integration of traditional and behavioral concerns . Child and Family Behavior Therapy , 10 : 33 – 46 .
   Google Scholar
• Faraone , S. V. , Perlis , R.H. , Doyle , A. E. , Smoller , J. W. , Goralnick , J. J. Holmgren , M. A. 2005 . Molecular genetics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder . Biological Psychiatry , 57 : 1313 – 1323 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finzi-Dottan , R. , Manor , I. and Tyano , S. 2006 . ADHD, temperament and parental style as predictors of the child's attachment patterns . Child Psychiatry and Human Development , 37 : 103 – 114 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geurts , H. M. , Verté , S. , Oosterlaan , J. , Roeyers , H. , Hartman , C. A. Mulder , E. J. 2004 . Can the Children's Communication Checklist differentiate between children with autism, children with ADHD, and normal controls? . Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 45 : 1437 – 1453 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guttmann-Steinmetz , S. , Elliott , M. E. , Steiner , M. A. and Waters , H. Co-constructing script-like attachment representations . Paper presented at the biannual meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development . April 2003 . Tampa, FL
   Google Scholar
• Hinshaw , S. P. 1994 . Attention deficits and hyperactivity in children , Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Ingram , S. , Hechtman , L. and Morgenstern , G. 1999 . Outcome issues in ADHD: Adolescent and adult long-term outcome . Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews , 5 : 243 – 250 .
   Google Scholar
• Johnston , C. and Mash , E. J. 2001 . Families of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Review and recommendations for future research . Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review , 4 : 183 – 207 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kazdin , A. E. and Kagan , J. 1994 . Models of dysfunction in developmental psychopathology . Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice , 1 : 35 – 52 .
   Google Scholar
• Kerns , K. A. , Klepac , L. and Cole , A. K. 1996 . Peer relationships and preadolescents' perceptions of security in the child–mother relationship . Developmental Psychology , 32 : 457 – 466 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kerns , K. A. , Tomich , P. L. , Aspelmeier , J. E. and Contreras , J. M. 2000 . Attachment-based assessments of parent–child relationships in middle-childhood . Developmental Psychology , 36 : 614 – 626 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lange , G. , Sheerin , D. , Carr , A. , Dooley , B. , Barton , V. Marshall , D. 2005 . Family factors associated with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and emotional disorders in children . Journal of Family Therapy , 27 : 76 – 96 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lifford , K. J. , Harold , G. T. and Thapar , A. 2008 . Parent–child relationships and ADHD symptoms: A longitudinal analysis . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 36 : 285 – 296 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Main , M. , Kaplan , N. and Cassidy , J. 1985 . “ Security in infancy, childhood and adulthood: A move to the level of representation ” . In Growing points of attachment: Theory and research. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 50(1–2, Serial No. 209) Edited by: Bretherton , I. and Waters , E. 66 – 104 .
   Google Scholar
• Mick , E. and Faraone , S. V. 2008 . Genetics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder . Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America , 17 : 261 – 284 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mikulincer , M. and Shaver , P. R. 2004 . “ Security based self representations in adulthood: Contents and Processes ” . In Adult attachment: Theory, research, and clinical implications , Edited by: Rholes , W. S. and Simpson , J. A. 159 – 195 . New York, NY : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Mikulincer , M. and Shaver , P. R. 2007 . Boosting attachment security to promote mental health, prosocial values, and inter-group tolerance . Psychological Inquiry , 18 : 139 – 156 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mikulincer , M. , Shaver , P. R. , Sapir-Lapid , Y. and Avihou-Kanza , N. 2009 . What's inside of the minds of securely and insecurely attached people? The secure base script and its associations with attachment style dimensions . Interpersonal Relations and Group Processes , 97 : 615 – 633 .
   Google Scholar
• Miller , J. 1981 . Assessing language production in children , Austin : Pro-Ed .
   Google Scholar
• Moss , E. , Bureau , J. F. , Beliveau , M. J. , Zdebik , M. and Lepine , S. 2009 . Links between children's attachment behavior at early school-age, their attachment related representations, and behavior problems in middle childhood . International Journal of Behavioral Development , 33 : 155 – 166 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy , K. R. and Barkley , R. A. 1996 . Parents of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders: Psychological and attentional impairment . American Journal of Orthopsychiatry , 66 : 93 – 102 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oppenheim , D. and Waters , H. S. 1995 . “ Narrative processes and attachment representations: Issues of development and assessment ” . In Caregiving, cultural and cognitive perspectives on secure-base behavior and working models: New growing points of attachment theory and research. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development Edited by: Waters , E. , Vaughn , B. E. , Posada , G. and Kondo-Ikemura , K. 133 – 145 .
   Google Scholar
• Patterson , G. R. 1982 . Coercive family process , Eugene, OR : Castalia .
   Google Scholar
• Reich , W. 2000 . Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents (DICA) . Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , 39 : 59 – 66 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rutter , M. and Sroufe , A. L. 2000 . Developmental psychopathology: Concepts and challenges . Development & Psychopathology , 12 : 265 – 296 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shelton , T. L. , Barkley , R. A. , Crosswait , C. , Moorehouse , M. , Fletcher , K. Barrett , S. 1998 . Psychiatric and psychological morbidity as a function of adaptive disability in preschool children with aggressive and hyperactive impulsive inattentive behavior . Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology , 26 : 475 – 494 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thapar , A. , Langley , K. , Owen , M. J. and O'Donovan , M. C. 2007 . Advances in genetic findings on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder . Psychological Medicine , 37 : 1681 – 1692 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van IJzendoorn , M. H. 1995 . Adult attachment representations, parental responsiveness, and infant attachment: A meta-analysis on the predictive validity of the Adult Attachment Interview . Psychological Bulletin , 117 : 387 – 403 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaughn , B. E. , Coppola , G. , Verissimo , M. , Monteiro , L. , Antonio , J. Posada , G. 2007 . The quality of maternal secure-base scripts predicts children's secure-base behavior at home in three sociocultural groups . International Journal of Behavioral Development , 31 : 65 – 76 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagner , S. and McNeil , C. B. 2008 . Parent–child interaction therapy for ADHD: A conceptual overview and critical literature review . Child and Family Behavior Therapy , 30 : 231 – 256 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waters , H. S. and Rodrigues , L. M. Are attachment scripts the building blocks of attachment representations? Narrative assessment of representations and the AAI . Paper presented at the biannual meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development . April 2001 . Minneapolis, MN
   Google Scholar
• Waters , H. S. , Rodrigues , L. M. and Ridgeway , D. 1998 . Cognitive underpinnings of narrative attachment assessment . Journal of Experimental Child Psychology , 71 : 211 – 234 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waters , H. S. and Waters , E. 2006 . The attachment working models concept: Among other things, we build script-like representations of secure base experiences . Attachment & Human Development , 8 : 185 – 197 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar