‘Sweeping is women's work’: employment and empowerment opportunities for women through engagement in solid waste management in Tanzania and Zambia

References

• Appleton , J . 2000 . Synthesis notes: recognising gender, issues in the management of urban waste , Loughborough University, UK : WEDC .
   Google Scholar
• Barnes , B. 2000 . Understanding agency , London : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Chen, M.C., 2007. Rethinking the informal economy: linkages with the formal economy and the formal regulatory environment. DESA Working Paper No 46. UN Department of Economic & Social Affairs. Available from: http://www.un.org/esa/desa/papers
   Google Scholar
• Coad, A., 2003. Solid waste collection that benefits the poor: report of CWG workshop 2003 Dar-es-Salaam. Available from: http://www.cwg.net
   Google Scholar
• Gonzenbach, B., and Coad, A., 2007. Solid waste management and the millennium development goals, links that inspire action. Report of CWG. Available from: http://www.cwg.net
   Google Scholar
• Grown, C., Gupta, G.R., and Kes, A., 2005. Taking action: achieving gender equality and empowering women. UN Millenium Project Task Force on Education and Gender Inequality. Available from: http://www.unmillenniumproject.org/documents/Gender-complete.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Gutierrez , L. 1991 . “ Empowering women of colour: a feminist model ” . In Feminist social work practice in clinical settings , Edited by: Bricker-Jenkins , M. , Hooyman , N. and Gottleib , N. Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Hardoy , J.E. and Satterthwaite , D. 1989a . Squatter citizen: life in the urban third world , London : Earthscan .
   Google Scholar
• Hardoy , J.E. and Satterthwaite , D. 1989b . Environmental problems of third world cities: a global issue ignored , London : IIED .
   Google Scholar
• Hashagen , S. 2003 . “ Frameworks for measuring community health and well being ” . In Public Health for the 21st century: new perspectives on policy, participation and practice , Edited by: Orme , J. Maidenhead : Open University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hatzidimitriadou , E. 2002 . Political ideology, helping mechanisms and empowerment of mental health self-help/mutual aid groups . Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology , 12 : 271 – 285 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• International Labour Office (ILO) . 2006 . Employment Creation in Municipal Service Delivery in Eastern Africa – Improving Living Conditions and Providing Jobs for the Poor (Project Terminal Evaluation Report) , Rome : ILO .
   Google Scholar
• International Labour Office (ILO), 2010. Brief profile on informal economy: employment for social justice and a fair globalization. Available from: http://www.ilo.org/employment/Whatwedo/Publications/WCMS_140951/lang—en/index.htm [Accessed 12 July 2011]
   Google Scholar
• Kaare , S.C.M. 2005 . “ The role of privatization in providing the urban poor access to social services: the case of solid waste collection in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania ” . In Researching Poverty in Tanzania: Problems, Policies and Perspectives , Edited by: Kikula , I. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania : Mkuki na Nyota Publishers .
   Google Scholar
• Kabeer , N. 2005 . Gender equality and women's empowerment: a critical analysis of the third millenium development goal . Gender & Development , 13 ( 1 ) : 13 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• Kaseva , M.E. and Mbuligwe , S.E. 2005 . Appraisal of solid waste collection following private sector involvement in Dar es Salaam city, Tanzania . Habitat International , 29 : 353 – 366 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kassim, S.M., 2006. Sustainability of the private sector in solid waste collection – A case of Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. Unpublished thesis. Loughborough, UK: Loughborough University
   Google Scholar
• Laverack , G. 2006 . Improving health outcomes through community empowerment: a review of the literature . Journal of Health Population and Nutrition , 24 : 113 – 120 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mascarenhas , O. 2007 . Gender profile of Tanzania: enhancing gender equity , Dar-es-Salaam : Tanzania Gender Networking Programme and Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency .
   Google Scholar
• Mbuligwe , S.E. 2002 . Institutional solid waste management practices in developing countries: a case study of three academic institutions in Tanzania . Resources, Conservation and Recycling , 35 ( 3 ) : 131 – 146 .
   Google Scholar
• Mukangara , F. and Koda , B. 1997 . Beyond inequalities: women in Tanzania , Dar-es-Salaam : Tanzania Gender Networking Programme .
   Google Scholar
• Muller , M. and Scheinberg , A. 1998 . Gender and waste: integrating gender into community waste management , Gouda, The Netherlands : WASTE .
   Google Scholar
• Muller , M. 2002 . Differing interpretations of community management in Bamako and Bangalore: some methodological considerations . Environment and Urbanization , 14 ( 2 ) : 241 – 258 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Narayan , D. 1999 . Bond and bridges: social capital and poverty , Washington, DC : World Bank Poverty Division .
   Google Scholar
• Orme , J . 2003 . Public Health for the 21st century: new perspectives on policy, participation and practice , Maidenhead : Open University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Page , N. and Czuba , C. 1999 . Empowerment: what is it? . Journal of Extension , 37 ( 5 ) : 1 – 5 .
   Google Scholar
• Parry , G. , Moyser , G. and Day , N.M. 1992 . Political participation and democracy in Britan , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Poswa , T.T. 2004 . “ The importance of gender in waste management planning: a challenge for solid waste managers ” . In Proceedings of the 8th world congress on environmental health, Durban, 22–27 February 2004 Available from: http://www.kharahais.gov.za/files/waste/037.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Republic of Zambia . 2006 . Fifth national development plan , Lusaka : Ministry of Finance and National Planning .
   Google Scholar
• Samson, M., 2010. Reclaiming Reusable and Recyclable Materials in Africa: a critical review of English language literature. WIEGO Working Paper (Urban Policies) No. 16. Available from: http://wiego.org/sites/wiego.org/files/publications/files/Samson_WIEGO_WP16.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Sridhar , M. and Ojediran , O. 1983 . The problems and prospects of refuse disposal in Ibadan City, Nigeria . Journal of Environmental Health , 46 ( 1 ) : 28 – 31 .
   Google Scholar
• Spaargaren , G . 2006 . Mixed modernities: towards viable urban environmental infrastructural development in East Africa , Wageningen : Wageningen University .
   Google Scholar
• UN, 2006. Breaking barriers: gender perspectives and the empowerment of women in least developed countries. Available from: http://www.unohrlls.org/UserFiles/Files/Publications/Genderperspectives.pdf
   Google Scholar
• UN-Habitat . 2010 . Water and sanitation in the world's cities , London : Earthscan .
   Google Scholar
• World Bank, 2010. Urban solid waste management: private sector involvement. Available from: http://www.go.worldbank.org/5KU0WO03E0 [Accessed 7 January 2011]
   Google Scholar