The role of situation awareness for understanding signalling and control in rail operations

References

• Adams , MJ , Tenney , YJ and Pew , RP . 1995 . Situation awareness and the cognitive management of complex systems . Human Factors , 37 ( 1 ) : 85 – 104 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balfe , N . 2008 . Structured observations of automation use . In: Proceedings of annual conference of the Ergonomics Society . 2008 , Aldershot, UK. pp. 552 – 557 . Taylor and Francis .
   Google Scholar
• Banbury , S and Tremblay , S , eds. 2004 . A cognitive approach to situation awareness: theory and application , Aldershot, , UK : Ashgate .
   Google Scholar
• Blandford , A and Wong , BLW . 2004 . Situation awareness in emergency medical dispatch . International Journal of Human-Computer Studies , 61 ( 4 ) : 421 – 452 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bristol , N . 2004 . Shared mental models: Conceptualisation and measurement , Thesis (PhD) University of Nottingham .
   Google Scholar
• Carey , M . 2008 . Use of off-station displays in rail control applications . In: Proceedings of annual conference of the Ergonomics Society . 2008 . pp. 570 – 576 . Aldershot, , UK : Taylor and Francis .
   Google Scholar
• Cox , G , Farrington-Darby , T and Wilson , J . 2006 . Expertise in railway signalling: an analysis of the work of signallers and the skills, characteristics, knowledge and strategies that contribute to expert performance , IOE Report IOE/RAIL/06/04 Nottingham, , UK : Institute of Occupational Ergonomics .
   Google Scholar
• Dekker , S and Hollnagel , E . 2004 . Human factors and folk models . Cognition, Technology and Work , 6 ( 2 ) : 79 – 86 .
   Google Scholar
• Durso , FT and Dattell , AR . 2004 . “ SPAM: The real-time assessment of SA ” . In A cognitive approach to situation awareness: theory and application , Edited by: Banbury , S and Tremblay , S . 137 – 154 . Aldershot, UK : Ashgate .
   Google Scholar
• Durso , FT , Rawson , K and Girotto , S . 2007 . “ Situation comprehension and situation awareness ” . In Handbook of applied cognition , 2nd , Edited by: Durso , FT , Nickerson , R , Dumais , S , Lewandowsky , S and Perfect , T . 163 – 193 . Chichester : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Durso , FT and Sethumadhavan , A . 2008 . Situation awareness: Understanding dynamic environments . Human Factors , 50 ( 3 ) : 442 – 448 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durso , FT . 1998 . Situation awareness as a predictor of performance for en route air traffic controllers . Air Traffic Control Quarterly , 6 ( 1 ) : 1 – 20 .
   Google Scholar
• Endsley , MR . 1995a . Towards a Theory of Situation Awareness . Human Factors , 37 ( 1 ) : 32 – 64 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Endsley , MR . 1995b . Measurement of Situation Awareness in Dynamic Systems . Human Factors , 37 ( 1 ) : 65 – 84 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Endsley , MR . 2000 . “ Theoretical underpinnings of situation awareness: a critical review ” . In Situation awareness: Analysis and measurement , Edited by: Endsley , MA and Garland , DJ . 3 – 32 . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Endsley , MR and Garland , DJ , eds. 2000 . Situation awareness: Analysis and measurement , Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Endsley , MR and Rogers , MD . 1994 . Situation awareness information requirements for en-route air traffic control . In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 38th annual meeting . 1994 . Vol. 1 , pp. 71 – 75 . Santa Monica, CA : Human Factors and Ergonomics Society .
   Google Scholar
• Farrington-Darby , T and Wilson , JR . 2006 . The nature of expertise . Applied Ergonomics , 37 ( 1 ) : 17 – 32 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farrington-Darby , T . 2006 . A naturalistic study of railway controllers . Ergonomics , 49 ( 12–13 ) : 1370 – 1394 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flach , JM . 1995 . Situation awareness: Proceed with caution . Human Factors , 37 ( 1 ) : 149 – 157 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garbis , C and Artman , H . 2004 . “ Team situation awareness as communicative process ” . In A cognitive approach to situation awareness: theory and application , Edited by: Banbury , S and Tremblay , S . 275 – 296 . Aldershot, UK : Ashgate .
   Google Scholar
• Golightly , D . 2008 . “ Situation awareness–Qualitative study analysis and proposed measures ” . IOE Report IOE/RAIL/08/08
   Google Scholar
• Golightly , D . Measuring situation awareness in rail signalling . Proceedings for the Conference in Rail Human Factors . 2009 , Lille, France [CD-Rom]. Nottingham, , UK : Institute of Occupational Ergonomics .
   Google Scholar
• Gronlund , SD . 1998 . Aircraft importance and its relevance to situation awareness , Report DOT/FAA/AM-98/16 US Department of Transportation . Available from: http://www.hf.faa.gov/docs/508/docs/cami/9816.pdf [Accessed 5 June 2009]
   Google Scholar
• Hall , S . 2005 . Modern signalling handbook , 3rd , Hersham, UK : Ian Allan .
   Google Scholar
• Hutchins , E . 1995 . Cognition in the wild , Cambridge MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Jeannot , E , Kelly , C and Thompson , D . 2003 . The development of situation awareness measures in ATM systems , HRS/HSP-005-REP-01 Bretigny-sur-Orge, , France : EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre .
   Google Scholar
• Kaber , DB and Endsley , MR . 2004 . The effects of level of automation control and adaptive automation on human performance, situation awareness and workload in a dynamic control task . Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science , 5 ( 2 ) : 113 – 153 .
   Google Scholar
• Kauppi , A . 2006 . Future train traffic control: control by re-planning . Cognition, Technology and Work , 8 ( 1 ) : 50 – 56 .
   Google Scholar
• Klein , G . 1997 . “ The recognition-primed decision ” . In Naturalistic decision making , Edited by: Zsambock , CE and Klein , G . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Larkin , JH . 1989 . “ Display-based problem solving ” . In Complex information processing: The impact of Herbert A. Simon , Edited by: Klahr , D and Kotovsky , K . 319 – 341 . Hillsdale, NJ : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Lenior , TM . 1993 . Analyses of cognitive processes in train traffic control . Ergonomics , 36 ( 11 ) : 1361 – 1368 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niessen , C , Eyferth , K and Bierwagen , T . 1999 . Modelling cognitive processes of experienced air traffic controllers . Ergonomics , 42 ( 11 ) : 1507 – 1520 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pickup , L , Wilson , JR and Lowe , E . 2009 . The operational demand evaluation checklist (ODEC) of workload for railway signalling . Applied Ergonomics , 40 ( 2 ) : 230 – 238 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pickup , L . 2005a . The Integrated Workload Scale (IWS): A new self report tool to assess railway signaller workload . Applied Ergonomics , 36 ( 6 ) : 681 – 693 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pickup , L . 2005b . Fundamental examination of mental workload in the rail industry . Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science , 6 ( 6 ) : 463 – 482 .
   Google Scholar
• Roth , EM , Malsch , N and Multer , J . 2001 . Understanding how train dispatchers manage and control trains: Results of a cognitive task analysis , DOT/FRA/ORD- 01/02 Washington, DC : US Department of Transportation/Federal Railroad Administration .
   Google Scholar
• Roth , EM , Multer , J and Rasler , T . 2003 . Shared situation awareness as a contributor to high reliability performance in railroad operations . Organization Studies , 27 ( 7 ) : 967 – 987 .
   Google Scholar
• Rutherford , A and Wilson , JR . 2005 . “ Models of mental models: an ergonomist-psychologist dialogue ” . In Ergonomics: Major writings , Edited by: Moray , N . 305 – 319 . Aldershot, UK : Routledge/Taylor and Francis .
   Google Scholar
• Salmon , P . 2006 . Situation awareness measurement: a review of applicability for C4i environments . Applied Ergonomics , 37 ( 2 ) : 225 – 238 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salmon , PM . 2008 . What really is going on? Review of situation awareness models for individuals and teams . Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science , 9 ( 4 ) : 297 – 323 .
   Google Scholar
• Shadbolt , N . 2007 . “ Eliciting expertise ” . In Evaluation of human work , 3rd , Edited by: Wilson , JR and Corlett , N . Aldershot, UK : Taylor and Francis .
   Google Scholar
• Sharples , S . 2007 . Flightdeck and air traffic control collaboration evaluation–evaluating flightdeck communication in the laboratory and the field . Applied Ergonomics , 38 ( 4 ) : 399 – 409 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , K and Hancock , PA . 1995 . Situation awareness is adaptive, externally directed consciousness . Human Factors , 37 ( 1 ) : 137 – 148 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanton , NA and Baber , C . 2006 . Editorial–The ergonomics of command and control . Ergonomics , 49 ( 12–13 ) : 1131 – 1138 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanton , NA and Baber , C . 2008 . Modelling the human alarm handling response times: a case study of the Ladbroke Grove rail accident . Ergonomics , 51 ( 4 ) : 423 – 440 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanton , NA . 2006 . Distributed situation awareness in dynamic systems: theoretical development and application of an ergonomics methodology . Ergonomics , 49 ( 12–13 ) : 1288 – 1311 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanton , N . 2009 . Genotype and phenotype schema and their role in distributed situation awareness in collaborative systems . Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science , 10 ( 1 ) : 43 – 68 .
   Google Scholar
• Walker , GH . 2006 . Event analysis of systematic teamwork (EAST): a novel integration of ergonomics methods to analyse C4i activity . Ergonomics , 49 ( 12–13 ) : 1345 – 1369 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wickens , CD . 2000 . “ The trade-off of design for routine and unexpected performance: Implications of situation awareness ” . In Situation awareness: Analysis and measurement , Edited by: Endsley , MA and Garland , DJ . 211 – 226 . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates .
   Google Scholar
• Wickens , CD . 2008 . Situation awareness: Review of Mica Endsley's 1995 articles on situation awareness theory and measurement . Human Factors , 50 ( 3 ) : 397 – 403 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson , JR and Rutherford , A . 1989 . Mental models: theory and application in human factors . Human Factors , 31 ( 6 ) : 617 – 634 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson , JR . 2001 . On the right track: Systematic implementation of ergonomics in railway network control . Cognition, Technology and Work , 3 ( 4 ) : 238 – 252 .
   Google Scholar
• Wilson , JR . 2007 . The railway as a socio-technical system: Human factors at the heart of successful rail engineering . IMechE, Part F, Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit , 221 ( 1 ) : 101 – 115 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar