How to measure monotony-related fatigue? A systematic review of fatigue measurement methods for use on driving tests

References

• Åkerstedt, T., and M. Gillberg. 1990. “Subjective and Objective Sleepiness in the Active Individual.” International Journal of Neuroscience 52 (1–2): 29–37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Åkerstedt, T., B. Peters, A. Anund, and G. Kecklund. 2005. “Impaired Alertness and Performance Driving Home from the Night Shift: A Driving Simulator Study.” Journal of Sleep Research 14 (1): 17–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albu, A. B., W. Ben, T. Wang, J. Lan, and J. Mah. 2008. “A Computer Vision-Based System for Real-Time Detection of Sleep Onset in Fatigued Drivers.” 2008 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, , June 4–6, 2008, p. 25–30.
   Google Scholar
• Arnedt, J. T., G. J. S. Wilde, P. W. Munt, and A. W. MacLean. 2000. “Simulated Driving Performance Following Prolonged Wakefulness and Alcohol Consumption. Separate and Combined Contributions to Impairment.” In: Journal of Sleep Research 9 (3): S. 233–241.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnedt, J. T., G. J. S. Wilde, P. W. Munt, and A. W. MacLean. 2001. “How Do Prolonged Wakefulness and Alcohol Compare in the Decrements They Produce on a Simulated Driving Task?” Accident Analysis & Prevention 33 (3): 337–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atchley, P., M. Chan, and S. Gregersen. 2014. “A Strategically Timed Verbal Task Improves Performance and Neurophysiological Alertness during Fatiguing Drives.” Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 56 (3): 453–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atchley, P., J. Dressel, T. C. Jones, R. A. Burson, and D. Marshall. 2011. “Talking and Driving: applications of Crossmodal Action Reveal a Special Role for Spatial Language.” Psychological Research 75 (6): 525–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bainbridge, L. 1983. “Ironies of Automation.” Automatica 19 (6): 775–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bergasa, L. M., J. Nuevo, M. A. Sotelo, R. Barea, and M. E. Lopez. 2006. “Real-Time System for Monitoring Driver Vigilance.” IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 7 (1): 63–77.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyle, L. N., J Tippin, A. Paul, and M. Rizzo. 2008. “Driver Performance in the Moments Surrounding a Microsleep.” Transportation Research, Part F 11 (2): 126–36.
   Google Scholar
• Brandt, T., R. Stemmer, and A. Rakotonirainy. 2004. “Affordable Visual Driver Monitoring System for Fatigue and Monotony.” 2004 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, The Hague, Netherlands: IEEE, p. 6451–6456.
   Google Scholar
• Casner, S. M., E. L. Hutchins, and D. Norman. 2016. “The Challenges of Partially Automated Driving.” Communications of the ACM 59 (5): 70–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coughlin, J. F., B. Reimer, and B. Mehler. 2011. “Monitoring, Managing, and Motivating Driver Safety and Well-Being.” IEEE Pervasive Computing 10 (3): 14–21.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D’Orazio, T., M. Leo, C. Guaragnella, and A. Distante. 2007. “A Visual Approach for Driver Inattention Detection.” Pattern Recognition 40 (8): 2341–55.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DaCoTA. 2012. “Fatigue. Deliverable 4.8h of the EC FP7 Project DaCoTA.” European Commission Directorate General for Mobility & Transport. http://www.dacota-project.eu/Deliverables/Webtexts/Fatigue.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Dinges, D. F. 1995. “An Overview of Sleepiness and Accidents.” Journal of Sleep Research 4 (Supplement s2): 4–14.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dureman, E. I., and C. Bodén. 1972. “Fatigue in Simulated Car Driving.” Ergonomics 15 (3): 299–308.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Egelund, N. 1982. “Spectral Analysis of Heart Rate Variability as an Indicator of Driver Fatigue.” Ergonomics 25 (7): 663–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eoh, H. J., M. K. Chung, and S.-H. Kim. 2005. “Electroencephalographic Study of Drowsiness in Simulated Driving with Sleep Deprivation.” International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 35 (4):307–20.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fairclough, S. H., and R. Graham. 1999. “Impairment of Driving Performance Caused by Sleep Deprivation or Alcohol. A Comparative Study.” Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 41 (1): 118–28.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fletcher, L., L. Petersson, and A. Zelinsky. 2005. Road Scene Monotony Detection in a Fatigue Management Driver Assistance System. Intelligent Vehicles Symposium 484–9.
   Google Scholar
• Forsman, P. M., B. J. Vila, R. A. Short, C. G. Mott, and H. P. A. van Dongen. 2013. “Efficient Driver Drowsiness Detection at Moderate Levels of Drowsiness.” Accident Analysis & Prevention 50: 341–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• García, I., S. Bronte, L. M. Bergasa, J. Almazán, and J. Yebes. 2012. “Vision-Based Drowsiness Detector for Real Driving Conditions. 2012 Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, de Henares, Spain” Alcala de Henares, Spain: IEEE, p. 618–623.
   Google Scholar
• Gastaldi, M., R. Rossi, and G. Gecchele. 2014. “Effects of Driver Task-Related Fatigue on Driving Performance.” Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 111:955–64.
   Google Scholar
• Gershon, P., D. Shinar, and A. Ronen. 2009. “Evaluation of Experience-Based Fatigue Countermeasures.” Accident Analysis & Prevention 41 (5): 969–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grace, R. 2001. “Drowsy Driver Monitor and Warning System.” Proceedings of the international driving symposium on human factorsin driver assessment, training and vehicle design, Iowa City.
   Google Scholar
• Greschner, U. 2011. “Experimentelle Untersuchung von Maßnahmen gegen Schläfrigkeit beim Führen von Kraftfahrzeugen.” Dissertation 511, Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart.
   Google Scholar
• Hack, M. A., S. J. Choi, P. Vijayapalan, R. J. Davies, and J. R. Stradling. 2001. “Comparison of the Effects of Sleep Deprivation, Alcohol and Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) on Simulated Steering Performance.” Respiratory Medicine 95 (7): 594–601.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayami, T., K. Matsunaga, K. Shidoji, and Y. Matsuki. 2002. “Detecting Drowsiness While Driving by Measuring Eye Movement- a Pilot Study.” In: Proceedings. The IEEE 5th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems. p. 156–161. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1041206
   Google Scholar
• Heitmann, A., R. Guttkuhn, A. Aguirre, U. Trutschel, and M. Moore-Ede. 2001. “Technologies for the Monitoring and Prevention of Driver Fatigue.” In: Proceedings of the First International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment,Training and Vehicle Design, 14–17 August 2001, Aspen, Colorado. Iowa City, IA: Public Policy Center, of Iowa, 2001: 81–86. https://doi.org/10.17077/drivingassessment.1013
   Google Scholar
• Hoddes, E., V. Zarcone, H. Smythe, R. Phillips, and W. C. Dement. 1973. “Quantification of Sleepiness: A New Approach.” Psychophysiology 10 (4): 431–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horne, J. A., and S. D. Baulk. 2004. “Awareness of Sleepiness When Driving.” Psychophysiology 41 (1): 161–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horne, J. A. and L. A. Reyner. 1995. “Sleep related vehicle accidents.” In: BMJ (33): S. 565–7. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.310.6991.1411b.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Horne, J. A., and L. A. Reyner. 1996. “Counteracting Driver Sleepiness: Effects of Napping, Caffeine, and Placebo. Effects of Napping, Caffeine, and Placebo.” Psychophysiology 33 (3):306–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horne, J. A., and L. A. Reyner. 1999. “Vehicle Accidents Related to Sleep. A Review.” Occupational and Environmental Medicine 56 (5): 289–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, S., and G. Zheng. 2009. “Driver Drowsiness Detection with Eyelid Related Parameters by Support Vector Machine.” Expert Systems with Applications 36 (4): 7651–8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ingre, M., T. Akerstedt, B. Peters, A. Anund, and G. Kecklund. 2006. “Subjective Sleepiness, Simulated Driving Performance and Blink Duration: Examining Individual Differences.” Journal of Sleep Research 15 (1): 47–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Irwin, C., S. Monement, and B. Desbrow. 2015. “The Influence of Drinking, Texting, and Eating on Simulated Driving Performance.” Traffic Injury Prevention 16 (2): 116–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johns, M. W. 1991. “A New Method for Measuring Daytime Sleepiness: The Epworth Sleepiness Scale.” Sleep 14 (6): 540–5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karrer-Gauß, K. 2011. “Prospektive Bewertung von Systemen zur Müdigkeitserkennung. Ableitung von Gestaltungsempfehlungen zur Vermeidung von Risikokompensation aus Empirischen Untersuchungen.” Dissertation. Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin.
   Google Scholar
• Klauer, S. G., V. L. Neale, T. A. Dingus, J. D. Sudweeks, and D. J. Ramsey. 2005. The Prevalence of Driver Fatigue in an Urban Driving Environment: Results from the 100-Car Naturalistic Driving Study. Blacksburg, VA: Virginia Tech Transportation Institute. Online verfügbar unter, Accessed 27 July 2017. http://erso.swov.nl/knowledge/Fixed/55_fatique/ref%2059%20klauer%202005.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Körber, M., A. Cingel, M. Zimmermann, and K. Bengler. 2015. “Vigilance Decrement and Passive Fatigue Caused by Monotony in Automated Driving.” Procedia Manufacturing 3: 2403–9.
   Google Scholar
• Lal, S. K. L., and A. Craig. 2002. “Driver Fatigue. Electroencephalography and Psychological Assessment.” Psychophysiology 39 (3): 313–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larue, G. S., A. Rakotonirainy, and A. N. Pettitt. 2011. “Driving Performance Impairments Due to Hypovigilance on Monotonous Roads.” Accident Analysis & Prevention 43 (6): 2037–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lenné, M. G., T. J. Triggs, and J. R. Redman. 1997. “Time of Day Variations in Driving Performance.” Accident Analysis & Prevention 29 (4): 431–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, C. C., S. G. Hosking, and M. G. Lenné. 2009. “Predicting Driver Drowsiness Using Vehicle Measures. Recent Insights and Future Challenges.” In: Journal of Safety Research 40 (4): S. 239–45. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2009.04.005.
   Google Scholar
• Liu, S. 2015. “An Experimental Study of Driver Fatigue: Subjective Driver Fatigue Score, Driving Performance, and Driver Fatigue Countermeasures.” Dissertation. McMaster University, Hamilton, ON.
   Google Scholar
• MacLean, A. W., D. R. T. Davies, and K. Thiele. 2003. “The Hazards and Prevention of Driving While Sleepy.” Sleep Medicine Reviews 7 (6): 507–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• May, J. F., and C. L. Baldwin. 2009. “Driver Fatigue. The Importance of Identifying Causal Factors of Fatigue When considering Detection and Countermeasure Technologies.” Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 12 (3): 218–24.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCartt, A. T., S. A. Ribner, A. I. Pack, and M. C. Hammer. 1996. “The Scope and Nature of the Drowsy Driving Problem in New York State.” Accident Analysis & Prevention 28 (4): 511–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merat, N., and A. H. Jamson. 2013. “The Effect of Three Low-Cost Engineering Treatments on Driver Fatigue: A Driving Simulator Study.” Accident Analysis & Prevention 50: 8–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mets, M. A. J., S. Ketzer, C. Blom, M. H. van Gerven, G. M. van Willigenburg, B. Olivier, and J. C. Verster. 2011. “Positive Effects of Red Bull(R) Energy Drink on Driving Performance during Prolonged Driving.” Psychopharmacology 214 (3): 737–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milosevic, S. 1997. “Drivers’ Fatigue Studies.” Ergonomics 40 (3): 381–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moher, D., L. Shamseer, M. Clarke, D. Ghersi, A. Liberati, M. Petticrew, P. Shekelle, and L. A. Stewart. 2015. “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 Statement.” Systematic Reviews 4: 1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moller, H. J., L. Kayumov, E. L. Bulmash, J. Nhan, and C. M. Shapiro. 2006. “Simulator Performance, Microsleep Episodes, and Subjective Sleepiness: normative Data Using Convergent Methodologies to Assess Driver Drowsiness.” Journal of Psychosomatic Research 61 (3): 335–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neubauer, C., G. Matthews, and D. Saxby. 2014. “Fatigue in the Automated Vehicle. Do Games and Conversation Distract or Energize the Driver?” Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 58 (1): 2053–7.
   Google Scholar
• Oron-Gilad, T., A. Ronen, and D. Shinar. 2008. “Alertness Maintaining Tasks (AMTs) While Driving.” Accident Analysis & Prevention 40 (3): 851–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Otmani, S., T. Pebayle, J. Roge, and A. Muzet. 2005. “Effect of Driving Duration and Partial Sleep Deprivation on Subsequent Alertness and Performance of Car Drivers.” Physiology & Behavior 84 (5): 715–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paul, A., L. N. Boyle, J. Tippin, and M. Rizzo. 2005. “Variability of Driving Performance during Microsleeps.” Proceedings of the Third International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training and Vehicle Design, p. 18–24.
   Google Scholar
• Philip, P., P. Sagaspe, N. Moore, J. Taillard, A. Charles, C. Guilleminault, and B. Bioulac. 2005. “Fatigue, Sleep Restriction and Driving Performance.” Accident Analysis & Prevention 37 (3): 473–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reyner, L. A., and J. A. Horne. 1998. “Falling Asleep Whilst Driving. Are Drivers Aware of Prior Sleepiness?” International Journal of Legal Medicine 111 (3): 120–3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reyner, L. A., and J. A. Horne. 2000. “Early Morning Driver Sleepiness. Effectiveness of 200 mg Caffeine.” Psychophysiology 37 (2): 251–66.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rimini-Doering, M., D. Manstetten, T. Altmueller, U. Ladstaetter, and M. Mahler. 2001. “Monitoring DriverDrowsiness and Stress in a Driving Simulator.” In: Proceedings of the First International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training and Vehicle Design, 14–17 August 2001, Aspen, Colorado. Iowa City, IA: Public Policy Center, of Iowa, 2001: 58–63. https://doi.org/10.17077/drivingassessment.1009
   Google Scholar
• Rogé, J., T. Pébayle, E. Lambilliotte, F. Spitzenstetter, D. Giselbrecht, and A. Muzet. 2004. “Influence of Age, Speed and Duration of Monotonous Driving Task in Traffic on the Driver’s Useful Visual Field.” Vision Research 44 (23): 2737–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rossi, R., M. Gastaldi, and G. Gecchele. 2011. “Analysis of Driver Task-Related Fatigue Using Driving Simulator Experiments.” Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 20: 666–75.
   Google Scholar
• Royal, D. 2003. “National Survey of Distracted and Drowsy Driving Attitudes and Behavior, 2002.” Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation.
   Google Scholar
• SAE. 2014. “SAE J3016: Automated Driving. Levels of driving automation are Defined in New SAE International Standard J3016.” https://saemobilus.sae.org/content/j3016_201401
   Google Scholar
• Sahayadhas, A., K. Sundaraj, and M. Murugappan. 2012. “Detecting Driver Drowsiness Based on Sensors. A Review.” Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 12 (12): 16937–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt, E., and A. C. Bullinger. 2017. “Mitigating Passive Fatigue during Monotonous Drives with Thermal Stimuli. Insights into the Effect of Different Stimulation Durations.” Accident Analysis & Prevention. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001457517304438?via%3Dihub
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt, E. A., M. Schrauf, M. Simon, A. Buchner, and W. E. Kincses. 2011. “The Short-Term Effect of Verbally Assessing Drivers’ State on Vigilance Indices during Monotonous Daytime Driving.” Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 14 (3): 251–60.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schramm, T., K. Fuchs, N. Wagner, and R. Bruder. 2009. “Driver Behaviour in a Monotonous Environment. A Test Track Study.” 16th World Congress and Exhibition on Intelligent Transport Systems and Services. Stockholm (Sweden): ITS America.
   Google Scholar
• Simon, M., E. A. Schmidt, W. E. Kincses, M. Fritzsche, A. Bruns, C. Aufmuth, M. Bogdan, W. Rosenstiel, and M. Schrauf. 2011. “EEG Alpha Spindle Measures as Indicators of Driver Fatigue under Real Traffic Conditions.” Clinical Neurophysiology 122 (6): 1168–78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinberger, F., R. Schroeter, and C. N. Watling. 2017. “From Road Distraction to Safe Driving. Evaluating the Effects of Boredom and Gamification on Driving Behaviour, Physiological Arousal, and Subjective Experience.” Computers in Human Behavior 75: 714–26.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thapa, R., J. Codjoe, S. Ishak, and K. S. McCarter. 2015. “Post and during Event Effect of Cell Phone Talking and Texting on Driving Performance - A Driving Simulator Study.” Traffic Injury Prevention 16 (5): 461–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thiffault, P., and J. Bergeron. 2003. “Monotony of Road Environment and Driver Fatigue. A Simulator Study.” Accident Analysis & Prevention 35 (3): 381–91.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ting, P.-H., J.-R. Hwang, J.-L. Doong, and M.-C. Jeng. 2008. “Driver Fatigue and Highway Driving: A Simulator Study.” Physiology & Behavior 94 (3): 448–53.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valck, E., and R. de Cluydts. 2001. “Slow-Release Caffeine as a Countermeasure to Driver Sleepiness Induced by Partial Sleep Deprivation.” Journal of Sleep Research 10 (3): 203–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanlaar, W., H. Simpson, D. Mayhew, and R. Robertson. 2008. “Fatigued and Drowsy Driving: A Survey of Attitudes, Opinions and Behaviors.” Journal of Safety Research 39 (3): 303–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verwey, W. B., and D. M. Zaidel. 1999. “Preventing Drowsiness Accidents by an Alertness Maintenance Device.” Accident Analysis & Prevention 31 (3): 199–211.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verwey, W. B., and D. M. Zaidel. 2000. “Predicting Drowsiness Accidents from Personal Attributes, Eye Blinks and Ongoing Driving Behaviour.” In: Personality and Individual Differences 28 (1), p. 123–142. DOI: 10.1016/S0191-8869(99)00.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiegand, D., R. Hanowski, R. Olson, and W. Melvin. 2008. “Fatigue Analyses. From 16 Months of Naturalistic Commercial Motor Vehicle Driving Data.” The National Surface Transportation Safety. Blacksburg, Accessed 27 July 2017. https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/bitstream/handle/10919/7411/Fatigue_Analyses.pdf?sequence=4&isAllowed=y.
   Google Scholar
• Wierwille, W. W., L. A. Ellsworth, S. S. Wreggit, R. J. Fairbanks, and C. L. Kirn. 1994. “Research on Vehicle-Based Driver Status/Performance Monitoring. Development, Validation, and Refinement of Algorithms for Detection of Driver Drowsiness.” National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Accessed 12 October 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Wright, N. A., B. M. Stone, T. J. Horberry, and N. Reed. 2007. A Review of In-vehicle Sleepiness Detection Devices. Version: 1. Wokingham, Berks, UK: TRL Limited (Published project report/TRL Limited PPR, 157). https://trl.co.uk/reports/PPR157.
   Google Scholar
• Young, M. S., and N. A. Stanton. 2004. “Taking the Load off: investigations of How Adaptive Cruise Control Affects Mental Workload.” Ergonomics 47 (9): 1014–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar