466
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Antithrombotic strategies for preventing long-term major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention

, , , & ORCID Icon
Pages 875-883 | Received 10 Apr 2017, Accepted 09 May 2017, Published online: 22 May 2017

References

  • Goto S, Bhatt DL, Rother J, et al. Prevalence, clinical profile, and cardiovascular outcomes of atrial fibrillation patients with atherothrombosis. Am Heart J. 2008 Nov;156(5):855–863.e2.
  • Depta JP, Cannon CP, Fonarow GC, et al. Patient characteristics associated with the choice of triple antithrombotic therapy in acute coronary syndromes. Am J Cardiol. 2009 Nov 1;104(9):1171–1178.
  • Depta JP, Bhatt DL. Atherothrombosis and atrial fibrillation: important and often overlapping clinical syndromes. Thromb Haemost. 2010 Oct;104(4):657–663.
  • Kralev S, Schneider K, Lang S, et al. Incidence and severity of coronary artery disease in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing first-time coronary angiography. Plos One. 2011;6(9):e24964.
  • Kirchhof P, Ammentorp B, Darius H, et al. Management of atrial fibrillation in seven European countries after the publication of the 2010 ESC Guidelines on atrial fibrillation: primary results of the PREvention oF thromboemolic events–european registry in atrial fibrillation (PREFER in AF). Europace. 2014 Jan;16(1):6–14.
  • Lip GY, Laroche C, Dan GA, et al. A prospective survey in european society of cardiology member countries of atrial fibrillation management: baseline results of EURObservational research programme atrial fibrillation (EORP-AF) pilot general registry. Europace. 2014 Mar;16(3):308–319.
  • Ruff CT, Bhatt DL, Steg PG, et al. Long-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation and atherothrombosis in the REACH Registry. Int J Cardiol. 2014 Jan 1;170(3):413–418.
  • Bang CN, Gislason GH, Greve AM, et al. New-onset atrial fibrillation is associated with cardiovascular events leading to death in a first time myocardial infarction population of 89,703 patients with long-term follow-up: a nationwide study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2014 Jan 21;3(1):e000382.
  • Schomig A, Neumann FJ, Kastrati A, et al. A randomized comparison of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy after the placement of coronary-artery stents. N Engl J Med. 1996 Apr 25;334(17):1084–1089.
  • Leon MB, Baim DS, Popma JJ, et al. A clinical trial comparing three antithrombotic-drug regimens after coronary-artery stenting. Stent anticoagulation restenosis study investigators. N Engl J Med. 1998Dec 3;339(23):1665–1671.
  • De Luca G, Dirksen MT, Spaulding C, et al. Time course, predictors and clinical implications of stent thrombosis following primary angioplasty. Insights from the DESERT cooperation. Thromb Haemost. 2013 Oct;110(4):826–833.
  • ACTIVE Writing Group of the ACTIVE Investigators. Connolly S, Pogue J, Hart R, et al. Clopidogrel plus aspirin versus oral anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation in the atrial fibrillation clopidogrel trial with irbesartan for prevention of vascular events (ACTIVE W): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2006 Jun 10;367(9526):1903–1912.
  • Pastori D, Pignatelli P, Angelico F, et al. Incidence of myocardial infarction and vascular death in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation taking anticoagulants: relation to atherosclerotic risk factors. Chest. 2015 Jun;147(6):1644–1650.
  • Mehran R, Rao SV, Bhatt DL, et al. Standardized bleeding definitions for cardiovascular clinical trials: a consensus report from the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium. Circulation. 2011 Jun 14;123(23):2736–2747.
  • Sorensen R, Hansen ML, Abildstrom SZ, et al. Risk of bleeding in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with different combinations of aspirin, clopidogrel, and vitamin K antagonists in Denmark: a retrospective analysis of nationwide registry data. Lancet. 2009 Dec 12;374(9706):1967–1974.
  • Grove EL, Storey RF. The right oral antithrombotics in acute coronary syndromes. Lancet. 2009 Dec 12;374(9706):1947–1948.
  • Hansen ML, Sorensen R, Clausen MT, et al. Risk of bleeding with single, dual, or triple therapy with warfarin, aspirin, and clopidogrel in patients with atrial fibrillation. Arch Intern Med. 2010 Sep 13;170(16):1433–1441.
  • Eikelboom JW, Mehta SR, Anand SS, et al. Adverse impact of bleeding on prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Circulation. 2006 Aug 22;114(8):774–782.
  • Bhatt DL. O PIONEERs! The beginning of the end of full-dose triple therapy with warfarin? Circulation. 2017 Jan 24;135(4):334–337.
  • Bhatt DL. Intensifying platelet inhibition–navigating between Scylla and Charybdis. N Engl J Med. 2007 Nov 15;357(20):2078–2081.
  • D’Ascenzo F, Taha S, Moretti C, et al. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and adjusted observational results of use of clopidogrel, aspirin, and oral anticoagulants in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Am J Cardiol. 2015 May 1;115(9):1185–1193.
  • Gao XF, Chen Y, Fan ZG, et al. Antithrombotic regimens for patients taking oral anticoagulation after coronary intervention: a meta-analysis of 16 clinical trials and 9,185 patients. Clin Cardiol. 2015 Aug;38(8):499–509.
  • Bavishi C, Koulova A, Bangalore S, et al. Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of dual antiplatelet therapy with or without warfarin in patients with a clinical indication for DAPT and chronic anticoagulation: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2016 Jul;88(1):E12–22.
  • Barbieri L, Verdoia M, Schaffer A, et al. Risk and benefits of triple therapy in patients undergoing coronary stent implantation requiring oral anticoagulation: a meta-analysis of 16 studies. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2016 Dec;30(6):611–622.
  • Lamberts M, Olesen JB, Ruwald MH, et al. Bleeding after initiation of multiple antithrombotic drugs, including triple therapy, in atrial fibrillation patients following myocardial infarction and coronary intervention: a nationwide cohort study. Circulation. 2012 Sep 4;126(10):1185–1193.
  • Lamberts M, Gislason GH, Olesen JB, et al. Oral anticoagulation and antiplatelets in atrial fibrillation patients after myocardial infarction and coronary intervention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Sep 10;62(11):981–989.
  • Hess CN, Peterson ED, Peng SA, et al. Use and outcomes of triple therapy among older patients with acute myocardial infarction and atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015 Aug 11;66(6):616–627.
  • Dewilde WJ, Oirbans T, Verheugt FW, et al. Use of clopidogrel with or without aspirin in patients taking oral anticoagulant therapy and undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: an open-label, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet. 2013 Mar 30;381(9872):1107–1115.
  • Fiedler KA, Maeng M, Mehilli J, et al. Duration of triple therapy in patients requiring oral anticoagulation after drug-eluting stent implantation: the ISAR-TRIPLE trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015 Apr 28;65(16):1619–1629.
  • Gibson CM, Mehran R, Bode C, et al. Prevention of bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing PCI. N Engl J Med. 2016 Dec 22;375(25):2423–2434.
  • Boehringer Ingelheim. Evaluation of dual therapy with dabigatran vs. Triple Therapy With Warfarin in Patients With AF That Undergo a PCI With Stenting (REDUAL-PCI). Available at: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02164864. Accessed Feb 2, 2017.
  • Cannon CP, Gropper S, Bhatt DL, et al. Design and rationale of the RE-DUAL PCI trial: a prospective, randomized, phase 3b study comparing the safety and efficacy of dual antithrombotic therapy with dabigatran etexilate versus warfarin triple therapy in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting. Clin Cardiol. 2016 Oct;39(10):555–564.
  • Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer. A study of apixaban in patients with atrial fibrillation, not caused by a heart valve problem, who are at risk for thrombosis (blood clots) due to having had a recent coronary event, such as a heart attack or a procedure to open the vessels of the heart. Available at: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02415400. Accessed Feb 2, 2017.
  • Daiichi Sankyo Inc. Edoxaban treatment versus vitamin k antagonist in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (ENTRUST-AF-PCI). Available at: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02866175. Accessed Feb 2, 2017.
  • Bhatt DL. When is a double better than a TRIPLE?: stenting in patients with atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015 Apr 28;65(16):1630–1632.
  • Gibson CM, Pinto DS, Chi G, et al. Recurrent hospitalization among patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing intracoronary stenting treated with 2 treatment strategies of rivaroxaban or a dose-adjusted oral vitamin k antagonist treatment strategy. Circulation. 2017 Jan 24;135(4):323–333.
  • Patel MR, Mahaffey KW, Garg J, et al. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011 Sep 8;365(10):883–891.
  • Hori M, Matsumoto M, Tanahashi N, et al. Rivaroxaban vs. warfarin in Japanese patients with atrial fibrillation - the J-ROCKET AF study. Circ J. 2012;76(9):2104–2111.
  • Amsterdam EA, Wenger NK, Brindis RG, et al. 2014 AHA/ACC guideline for the management of patients with non-ST-Elevation acute coronary syndromes: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Dec 23;64(24):e139–228.
  • January CT, Wann LS, Alpert JS, et al. 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS guideline for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Dec 2;64(21):e1–76.
  • Levine GN, Bates ER, Bittl JA, et al. ACC/AHA guideline focused update on duration of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016;2016(Mar):23.
  • Rubboli A, Faxon DP, Juhani Airaksinen KE, et al. The optimal management of patients on oral anticoagulation undergoing coronary artery stenting. The 10th Anniversary Overview. Thromb Haemost. 2014 Dec;112(6):1080–1087.
  • Angiolillo DJ, Goodman SG, Bhatt DL, et al. Antithrombotic therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a North American perspective-2016 update. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2016;9(11:e004395.
  • Lip GY, Windecker S, Huber K, et al. Management of antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome and/or undergoing percutaneous coronary or valve interventions: a joint consensus document of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Thrombosis, European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA), European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI) and European Association of Acute Cardiac Care (ACCA) endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) and Asia-Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS). Eur Heart J. 2014 Dec 1;35(45):3155–3179.
  • Roffi M, Patrono C, Collet JP, et al. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation: task force for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-Segment Elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2016 Jan 14;37(3):267–315.
  • Kirchhof P, Benussi S, Kotecha D, et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS. Eur Heart J. 2016 Oct 7;37(38):2893–2962.
  • Steg PG, Bhatt DL. Viewpoint: a proposal for a simple algorithm for managing oral anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and coronary stents. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care. 2017;6(1):93–97.
  • Bavishi C, Panwar SR, Dangas GD, et al. Meta-analysis of radial versus femoral access for percutaneous coronary interventions in Non-ST-Segment elevation acute coronary syndrome. Am J Cardiol. 2016 Jan 15;117(2):172–178.
  • Urban P, Meredith IT, Abizaid A, et al. Polymer-free Drug-coated coronary stents in patients at high bleeding risk. N Engl J Med. 2015 Nov 19;373(21):2038–2047.
  • Rossini R, Musumeci G, Lettieri C, et al. Long-term outcomes in patients undergoing coronary stenting on dual oral antiplatelet treatment requiring oral anticoagulant therapy. Am J Cardiol. 2008 Dec 15;102(12):1618–1623.
  • Grove EL, Wurtz M, Thomas MR, et al. Antiplatelet therapy in acute coronary syndromes. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2015;16(14):2133–2147.
  • Agewall S, Cattaneo M, Collet JP, et al. Expert position paper on the use of proton pump inhibitors in patients with cardiovascular disease and antithrombotic therapy. Eur Heart J. 2013 Jun;34(23):1708-13, 1713a-1713b.
  • Abraham NS, Hlatky MA, Antman EM, et al. ACCF/ACG/AHA 2010 expert consensus document on the concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors and thienopyridines: a focused update of the ACCF/ACG/AHA 2008 expert consensus document on reducing the gastrointestinal risks of antiplatelet therapy and NSAID use. A report of the American college of cardiology foundation task force on expert consensus documents. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010 Dec 7;56(24):2051–2066.
  • Kim YH, Lee JY, Ahn JM, et al. Impact of bleeding on subsequent early and late mortality after drug-eluting stent implantation. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2011 Apr;4(4):423–431.
  • CAPRIE Steering Committee. A randomised, blinded, trial of clopidogrel versus aspirin in patients at risk of ischaemic events (CAPRIE). CAPRIE Steering Committee. Lancet. 1996 Nov 16;348(9038):1329–1339.
  • Bhatt DL, Hirsch AT, Ringleb PA, et al. Reduction in the need for hospitalization for recurrent ischemic events and bleeding with clopidogrel instead of aspirin. CAPRIE investigators. Am Heart J. 2000 Jul;140(1):67–73.
  • Ohman EM, Roe MT, Steg PG, et al. Clinically significant bleeding with low-dose rivaroxaban versus aspirin, in addition to P2Y12 inhibition, in acute coronary syndromes (GEMINI-ACS-1): a double-blind, multicentre, randomised trial. Lancet. 2017;389(10081):1799–1808.
  • ECRI bv, Biosensors International, AstraZeneca, The Medicines Company. GLOBAL LEADERS: a clinical study comparing two forms of anti-platelet therapy after stent implantation. Available at: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01813435. Accessed Apr 2, 2017.
  • Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, AstraZeneca. Ticagrelor with aspirin or alone in high-risk patients after coronary intervention (TWILIGHT). Available at: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02270242. Accessed Apr 2, 2017.
  • Pignatelli P, Pastori D, Bartimoccia S, et al. Anti Xa oral anticoagulants inhibit in vivo platelet activation by modulating glycoprotein VI shedding. Pharmacol Res. 2016 Nov;113(Pt A):484–489.
  • Connolly SJ, Ezekowitz MD, Yusuf S, et al. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2009 Sep 17;361(12):1139–1151.
  • Giugliano RP, Ruff CT, Braunwald E, et al. Edoxaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2013 Nov 28;369(22):2093–2104.
  • Bristol-Myers Squibb. Trial to Evaluate Anticoagulation Therapy in Hemodialysis Patients With Atrial Fibrillation (RENAL-AF). Available at: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02942407. Accessed Apr 29, 2017.
  • McCarthy CP, Verma S, Bhatt DL. The management of antiplatelet and antithrombotic regimens in patients with mechanical valves undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a forgotten cohort? JAMA Cardiol. 2017 Apr 26. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2017.0930. [Epub ahead of print]

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.