463
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Understanding networked family language policy: a study among Bengali immigrants in Australia

ORCID Icon, , &
Pages 416-443 | Received 25 Jul 2023, Accepted 23 Apr 2024, Published online: 03 May 2024

References

  • Alinejad, D. (2021). Techno-emotional mediations of transnational intimacy: Social media and care relations in long-distance Romanian families. Media, Culture & Society, 43(3), 444–459. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443720972313
  • Bahhari, A. (2023). Arabic language maintenance amongst sojourning families in Australia. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 44(5), 429–441.
  • Baldassar, L. (2007). Transnational families and the provision of moral and emotional support: The relationship between truth and distance. Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power, 14, 385–409.
  • Ballard, R. (1982). South Asian families. In R. N. Rapoport, M. Fogarty, R. Rapoport, J. Aldgate, & C. British Family Research (Eds.), Families in britain (pp. 1–18). Routledge & Kegan Paul.
  • Bernhard, B. (2021). Maintenance of Russian as a heritage language in Germany: A longitudinal approach. Russian Journal of Linguistics, 25(4), 855–885. https://doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-2021-25-4-855-885
  • Bezcioglu-Goktolga, I., & Yagmur, K. (2018). Home language policy of second-generation Turkish families in the Netherlands. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 39(1), 44–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2017.1310216
  • Blommaert, J. (2010). The sociolinguistics of globalization. Cambridge University Press.
  • Bonacina-Pugh, F. (2012). Researching ‘practiced language policies’: Insights from conversation analysis. Language Policy, 11(3), 213–234. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10993-012-9243-x
  • Bose, P., Gao, X., Starfield, S., Sun, S., & Ramdani, J. M. (2023). Conceptualisation of family and language practice in family language policy research on migrants: A systematic review. Language Policy, 22(3), 343–365. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10993-023-09661-8
  • Brown, G., & Greenfield, P. M. (2021). Staying connected during stay-at-home: Communication with family and friends and its association with well-being. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 3(1), 147–156. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.246
  • Caldas, S. J. (2012). Language policy in the family. In B. Spolsky (Ed.), The Cambridge handbook of language policy (pp. 351–373). Cambridge.
  • Canagarajah, S. (2013). Reconstructing heritage language: Resolving dilemmas in language maintenance for Sri Lankan Tamil migrants. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 2013(222), 131–155. https://doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2013-0035
  • Chowdhury, F. Y., & Rojas-Lizana, S. (2021). Family language policies among Bangladeshi migrants in Southeast Queensland, Australia. International Multilingual Research Journal, 15(2), 178–193.
  • Clarke, V., & Braun, V. (2013). Successful qualitative research: A practical guide for beginners. Successful Qualitative Research, 1–400.
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2002). Research methods in education. Routledge.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2002). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative. Prentice Hall Upper.
  • Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2016). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage publications.
  • Curdt-Christiansen, X. L. (2009). Invisible and visible language planning: Ideological factors in the family language policy of Chinese immigrant families in Quebec. Language Policy, 8(4), 351–375. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10993-009-9146-7
  • Curdt-Christiansen, X. L. (2012). Private language management in Singapore: Which language to practice and how?. In E. L. Brown, A. S. Yeung, & C. Lee (Eds.), Communication and language: Surmounting barriers to cross-cultural understanding (pp. 55–77). Information Age Publishing.
  • Curdt-Christiansen, X. L. (2016). Conflicting language ideologies and contradictory language practices in Singaporean multilingual families. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 37(7), 694–709. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2015.1127926
  • Curdt-Christiansen, X. L. (2018). Family language policy. The Oxford Handbook of Language Policy and Planning, 420, 441.
  • Curdt-Christiansen, X. L., & Huang, J. (2020). Factors influencing family language policy. In A. C. Schalley & S. A. Eisenchlas (Eds.), Handbook of social and affective factors in home language maintenance and development (pp. 174–193). Mouton de Gruyter.
  • Curdt-Christiansen, X. L., & La Morgia, F. (2018). Managing heritage language development: Opportunities and challenges for Chinese, Italian and Pakistani Urdu-speaking families in the UK. Multilingua, 37(2), 177–200. https://doi.org/10.1515/multi-2017-0019
  • David, D., Crowley, D., & Mitchell, D. (1994). Communication theory today. Stanford University Press.
  • DHA. (2016a). Bangladesh-born community information summary. Retrieved August 8, from https://www.homeaffairs.gov.au/mca/files/2016-cis-afghanistan.PDF
  • DHA. (2016b). India-born community information summary. Retrieved August 8, from https://www.homeaffairs.gov.au/mca/files/2016-cis-afghanistan.PDF
  • Dholakia, N., & Zwick, D. (2004). Cultural contradictions of the anytime, anywhere economy: Reframing communication technology. Telematics and Informatics, 21(2), 123–141.
  • Ferguson, G. M., Costigan, C. L., Clarke, C. V., & Ge, J. S. (2016). Introducing remote enculturation: Learning your heritage culture from afar. Child Development Perspectives, 10(3), 166–171. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdep.12181
  • Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to design and evaluate research in education (Vol. 7). McGraw-hill.
  • Francisco, V. (2015). 'The internet is magic’: Technology, intimacy and transnational families. Critical Sociology, 41(1), 173–190. https://doi.org/10.1177/0896920513484602
  • Gharibi, K., & Mirvahedi, S. H. (2021). 'You are Iranian even if you were born on the moon’: Family language policies of the Iranian diaspora in the UK. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2021.1935974
  • Ghosh, P., & Khan, S. A. (2018). Transcultural geriatrics: Caring for the elderly of indo-Asian origin. P. Ghosh & S. A. Khan (Eds.). CRC Press. https://books.google.com.au/books?id=Vn1_DwAAQBAJ
  • Gill, S. L. (2020). Qualitative sampling methods. Journal of Human Lactation, 36(4), 579–581. https://doi.org/10.1177/0890334420949218
  • Gomashie, G. A. (2023). Family language policy in Indigenous and bilingual communities: case studies of Nahuatl-speaking caregivers in Mexico. Current Issues in Language Planning, 24(4), 361–379.
  • Gu, M. M., & Han, Y. (2021). Exploring family language policy and planning among ethnic minority families in Hong Kong: Through a socio-historical and processed lens. Current Issues in Language Planning, 22(4), 466–486. https://doi.org/10.1080/14664208.2020.1748371
  • Guardado, M. (2013). The metapragmatic regimentation of heritage language use in Hispanic Canadian caregiver-child interactions. International Multilingual Research Journal, 7(3), 230–247.
  • Hatoss, A. (2023). Shifting ecologies of family language planning: Hungarian Australian families during COVID-19. Current Issues in Language Planning, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/14664208.2023.2205793
  • Hirsch, T., & Kayam, O. (2021). “Why are you here?” A hearing instructor’s journey into a deaf community of practice and discussions of family language policies. Editorial Team, 93, 93–109.
  • Hirsch, T., & Lee, J. S. (2018). Understanding the complexities of transnational family language policy. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 39(10), 882–894. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2018.1454454
  • Hollebeke, I., Struys, E., & Agirdag, O. (2023). Can family language policy predict linguistic, socio-emotional and cognitive child and family outcomes? A systematic review. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 44(10), 1044–1075.
  • Huang, H., & Liao, W. (2024). Maintaining a minor language or a heritage language? A case study of maintaining Chinese with preteenagers in Australian interlingual families. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 27(3), 360–373.
  • King-O'Rian, R. C. (2015). Emotional streaming and transconnectivity: Skype and emotion practices in transnational families in Ireland. Global Networks, 15(2), 256–273. https://doi.org/10.1111/glob.12072
  • Klaiman, M. H., & Lahiri, A. (2018). Bengali. In B. Comrie (Ed.), The world's major languages (pp. 427–446). Routledge.
  • Kwon, J. (2017). Immigrant mothers’ beliefs and transnational strategies for their children's heritage language maintenance. Language and Education, 31(6), 495–508. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500782.2017.1349137
  • Lanza, E. (2004). Language mixing in infant bilingualism: A sociolinguistic perspective. Oxford University Press. https://books.google.com.au/books?id=3onKKgHo66kC
  • Lanza, E. (2007). Multilingualism and the family. Handbook of Multilingualism and Multilingual Communication, 5, 45–68. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110198553.1.45
  • Lanza, E., & Gomes, R. L. (2020). Family language policy: Foundations, theoretical perspectives and critical approaches. Handbook of Home Language Maintenance and Development: Social and Affective Factors, 153, 173.
  • Lexander, K. V. (2021). Polymedia and family multilingualism: Linguistic repertoires and relationships in digitally mediated interaction. Pragmatics and Society, 12(5), 782–804. https://doi.org/10.1075/ps.20052.lex
  • Lin, H., Voong, M., & Ulster, U. o. (2013). Exploring the efficacy of computer-mediated communication (CMC) on second language writing: A meta-analysis. Wordcall 2013: Global Perspectives on Computer Assisted Language Learning: Glasgow, 10–13 July 2013, 189–195.
  • Lohr, S. (2011). For Microsoft, Skype opens vast new market in telecom. Retrieved February from https://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/11/technology/11skype.html
  • Lukose, R. A. (2007). The difference that diaspora makes: Thinking through the anthropology of immigrant education in the United States. Anthropology & Education Quarterly, 38(4), 405–418. https://doi.org/10.1525/aeq.2007.38.4.405
  • Madianou, M., & Miller, D. (2013). Migration and new media: Transnational families and polymedia. Routledge.
  • Martin, F., Gezer, T., Anderson, J., Polly, D., & Wang, W. (2021). Examining parents perception on elementary school children digital safety. Educational Media International, 58(1), 60–77. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523987.2021.1908500
  • Martín-Bylund, A., & Stenliden, L. (2022). Closer to far away: Transcending the spatial in transnational families’ online video calling. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 43(7), 587–599. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2020.1749643
  • McDonald, N., Schoenebeck, S., & Forte, A. (2019). Reliability and inter-rater reliability in qualitative research: Norms and guidelines for CSCW and HCI practice. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-computer interaction, 3(CSCW), 1–23.
  • Moring, T., Husband, C., Lojander-Visapää, C., Vincze, L., Fomina, J., & Mänty, N. N. (2011). Media use and ethnolinguistic vitality in bilingual communities. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 32(2), 169–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2010.541918
  • Nakamura, J. (2016). Hidden bilingualism: Ideological influences on the language practices of multilingual migrant mothers in Japan. International Multilingual Research Journal, 10(4), 308–323. https://doi.org/10.1080/19313152.2016.1206800
  • Ochs, E., & Schieffelin, B. B. (2011). The theory of language socialization. In A. Duranti, E. Ochs, & B. B. Schieffelin (Eds.), The handbook of language socialization (pp. 1–21). John Wiley & Sons.
  • Okita, T. (2002). Invisible work: Bilingualism, language choice and childrearing in intermarried families (Vol. 12). John Benjamins Publishing.
  • Palviainen, Å. (2020). Video calls as a nexus of practice in multilingual translocal families. Zeitschrift für Interkulturellen Fremdsprachenunterricht, 25(1), 85–108.
  • Palviainen, Å. (2022). This is the normal for us: Managing the mobile, multilingual, digital Family. Diversifying family language policy, 123–142.
  • Palviainen, Å, & Kędra, J. (2020). What’s in the family app?: Making sense of digitally mediated communication within multilingual families. Journal of Multilingual Theories and Practices, 1(1), 89–111. https://doi.org/10.1558/jmtp.15363
  • Peel, K. L. (2020). A beginner's guide to applied educational research using thematic analysis. Practical Assessment, Research, and Evaluation, 25, 2.
  • QSR International Pty Ltd. (2020). NVivo (released in March 2020). https://www.qsrinternational.com/nvivo-qualitative-data-analysis-software/home
  • Rahman, M. (2009). Temporary migration and changing family dynamics: Implications for social development. Population, space and place, 15(2), 161–174. https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.537
  • Rajendran, D., Ng, E. S., Sears, G., & Ayub, N. (2020). Determinants of migrant career success: A study of recent skilled migrants in Australia. International Migration, 58(2), 30–51. https://doi.org/10.1111/imig.12586
  • Revis, M. (2021). Exploring the ‘languaging habitus’ of a diasporic community: Colombians in New Zealand. Lingua. International Review of General Linguistics. Revue internationale De Linguistique Generale, 263, 102941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2020.102941
  • Ruby, M. (2012). The role of a grandmother in maintaining Bangla with her granddaughter in East London. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 33(1), 67–83. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2011.638075
  • Said, F. F. (2021). 'Ba-SKY-a P with her each day at dinner’: Technology as supporter in the learning and management of home languages. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 42(8), 747–762. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2021.1924755
  • Smith-Christmas, C., Bergroth, M., & Bezcioğlu-Göktolga, I. (2019). A kind of success story: Family language policy in three different sociopolitical contexts. International Multilingual Research Journal, 13(2), 88–101. https://doi.org/10.1080/19313152.2019.1565634
  • Spolsky, B. (2004). Language policy. Cambridge University Press.
  • Sun, H., Lim, V., Low, J., & Kee, S. (2022). The development of a parental questionnaire (QQ-MediaSEED) on Bilingual children’s quantity and quality of digital media use at home. Acta Psychologica, 229, 103668. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103668
  • Szecsi, T., & Szilagyi, J. (2012). Immigrant Hungarian families’ perceptions of new media technologies in the transmission of heritage language and culture. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 25(3), 265–281. https://doi.org/10.1080/07908318.2012.722105
  • Taipale, S. (2019). What is a ‘digital family’?. In S. Taipale (Ed.), Intergenerational connections in digital families (pp. 11–24). Springer.
  • Tong, A., Sainsbury, P., & Craig, J. (2007). Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): A 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 19(6), 349–357. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzm042
  • Veettil, R. P., Binu, P., & Karthikeyan, J. (2021). Language maintenance and language shift among keralites in Oman.
  • Vertovec, S. (2001). Transnationalism and identity. Journal of Ethnic and Migration studies, 27(4), 573–582. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691830120090386
  • Voigt-Graf, C. (2005). The construction of transnational spaces by Indian migrants in Australia. Journal of Ethnic and Migration studies, 31(2), 365–384. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183042000339972
  • Wang, L., & Hamid, M. O. (2022). The role of polymedia in heritage language maintenance: A family language policy perspective. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 1–15.
  • Wang, M., & Dovchin, S. (2023). “Why should I not speak my own language (Chinese) in public in America?”: Linguistic racism, symbolic violence, and resistance. TESOL Quarterly, 57, 1139–1166.
  • Wang, S., Ramdani, J. M., Sun, S., Bose, P., & Gao, X. (2024). Naming research participants in qualitative language learning research: Numbers, pseudonyms, or real names? Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 1–14.
  • Wang, T., & Brown, B. (2011). Ethnography of the telephone: Changing uses of communication technology in village life. Proceedings of the 13th International conference on human computer interaction with mobile devices and services.
  • Watkins, S. C. (2009). The young and the digital: What the migration to social-network sites, games, and anytime, anywhere media means for our future. Beacon Press.
  • Wilson, S. (2020). Family language policy through the eyes of bilingual children: The case of French heritage speakers in the UK. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 41(2), 121–139. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2019.1595633
  • Xiaomei, W. (2017). Family language policy by Hakkas in Balik Pulau, Penang. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 2017((244), 87–118.