994
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Article

“Wifeys, bitches, and sluts”: the gender burden and other obstacles behind the creation of television’s antiheroines

ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 1496-1511 | Received 24 Mar 2020, Accepted 11 Jan 2022, Published online: 02 Feb 2022

References

  • Akass, Kim, and Janet McCabe. 2017. “Adieu Carmela Soprano!: Lessons from the HBO Mobster Wife on TV Female Agency and Neo-liberal (Narrative) Power.” In Television Antiheroines: Women Behaving Badly in Crime and Prison Drama, edited by Milly Buonanno, 65–82. United Kingdom: Intellect.
  • Andersen, Robin. 1995. Consumer Culture and TV Programming. Colorado: Westview Press.
  • Arnold, Sarah 2014. “Ghettoising the ‘Strong Female Lead’ – Netflix, Demographics and Gendered Categorization,” CST Online, July 4. https://cstonline.net/ghettoising-the-strong-female-lead-netflix-demographics-and-gendered-categorisation-by-sarah-arnold/
  • Banet-Weiser, Sarah. 2018. Empowered: Popular Feminism and Popular Misogyny. Durham, NC/London: Duke University Press.
  • Battles, Kathleen. 2020. “This Is UnREAL: Discourses of Quality, Antiheroes, and the Erasure of the Feminized Popular Culture in ‘Television for Women’.” Feminist Media Studies 20 (8): 1278–1292. doi:10.1080/14680777.2019.1668450.
  • Brady, Anita, Kellie Burns, and Cristyn Davies. 2018. Mediating Sexual Citizenship: Neoliberal Subjectivities in Television Culture. London: Routledge.
  • Brunsdon, Charlotte. 1997. Screen Tastes: Soap Opera to Satellite Dishes. London: Routledge.
  • Buonanno, Milly. 2017. “Television Antiheroines: Women Behaving Badly in Crime And.” In Prison Drama. United Kingdom: Intellect.
  • Buxton, Ryan 2015. “‘Unreal’ Creator on Creating a Brigade of Female Walter Whites.” Huffington Post, July 29. https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/unreal-creator-on-creating-a-brigade-offemale-walter-whites_us_55b8fcf9e4b0224d8834c123
  • Byrne, Richard William, and Andrew Whiten. 1988. Machiavellian Intelligence. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Castellano, Mayka, Melina Meimaridis, and Gabriel Ferreirinho. 2019. “Dramas Televisivos de Prestígio E Masculinidade, Prestige Television Dramas and Masculinity.” Comunicação & Inovação 20 (44): 76–94. doi:10.13037/ci.vol20n44.5470.
  • Connell, Raewyn. 2005. Masculinities. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
  • Didi-Huberman, Georges. 2004. Invention of Hysteria: Charcot and the Photographic Iconography of the Salpêtrière. Cambridge: MIT Press.
  • Furedi, Frank. 2004. Therapy Culture. Cultivating Vulnerability in an Uncertain Age. London: Routledge.
  • Gentry, Caron E., and Laura Sjoberg. 2015. Beyond Mothers, Monsters, Whores: Thinking about Women’s Violence in Global Politics. London: Zed Books .
  • Gill, Rosalind. 2016. “Post-postfeminism?: New Feminist Visibilities in Postfeminist Times.” Feminist Media Studies 16 (4): 610–630. doi:10.1080/14680777.2016.1193293.
  • Harris, Geraldine. 2012. “A Return to Form? Postmasculinist Television Drama and Tragic Heroes in the Wake of the Sopranos.” New Review of Film and Television Studies 10 (4): 443–463. doi:10.1080/17400309.2012.708272.
  • Hermes, Joke, and Leonie Stoete. 2019. “Hating Skyler White: Audience Engagement, Gender Politics and Celebrity Culture.” Celebrity Studies 10 (3): 411–426. doi:10.1080/19392397.2019.1630155.
  • Hunt, Darnell, and Ana-Christina Ramón. 2020. “Hollywood Diversity Report 2020, a Tale of Two Hollywoods, Part 2: Television”. University of California Los Angeles. https://socialsciences.ucla.edu/hollywood-diversity-report-2020/
  • Joyce, Samantha, and Antonio La Pastina. 2017. “Women and Criminality in Brazilian Telenovelas: Salve Jorge and Human Trafcking.” In Television Antiheroines: Women Behaving Badly in Crime and Prison Drama, edited by Milly Buonanno, 219–235. United Kingdom: Intellect.
  • Kallas, Cristina. 2014. Inside the Writers’ Room: Conversations with American TV Writers. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Lawson, Richard 2010. “Showtime Cornering the Market on ‘Ladies with Problems’ Shows”, Gawker Media, New York, March 24, http://gawker.com/5501286/showtime-cornering-the-market-on-ladies-with-problems-shows
  • Leal, Tatiane. 2017. “Consumir Para Vencer: Mulher, Trabalho E Beleza No Discurso Jornalístico, Consuming to Win: Woman, Career and Beauty in the Journalistic Discourse.” Communicare 17 (1): 12–133.
  • Lotz, Amanda. 2014. Cable Guys: Television and Masculinities in the 21st Century. New York: NYU Press.
  • Lutz, Catherine. 1990. “Engendered Emotion: Gender, Power and the Rhetoric of Emotional Control in American Discourse.” In Language and the Politics of Emotion, edited by Catherine Lutz and Lila Abu-Lughod, 69–91. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • McKenna, Meghan 2018. “Can a Feminist Work on the Bachelor? We Asked Unreal Creator Sarah Gertrude Shapiro.” Fashion Magazine, July 19. https://fashionmagazine.com/culture/unreal-sarah-shapiro-interview/
  • McRobbie, Angela. 2004. “Notes on Postfeminism and Popular Culture: Bridget Jones and the New Gender Regime.” In All about the Girl: Culture, Power and Identity, edited by Anita Harris, 3–14. New York: Routledge.
  • Mittel, Jason. 2009. Television and American Culture. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Mittell, Jason. 2004. Television and Genre: From Cop Shows to Cartoons. London: Routledge.
  • Mittell, Jason. 2015. “Lengthy Interactions with Hideous Men: Walter White and the Serial Poetics of Television Anti-Heroes.” In Storytelling in the Media Convergence Age, edited by Roberta Pearson and Anthony Smith, 74–92. United Kingdom: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Nikolas, Akash 2013. “Where Is the Female Tony Soprano?” The Atlantic, June 27. http://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2013/06/where-is-thefemale%20tonysoprano/277270/
  • Nygaard, Taylor, and Jorie Lagerwey. 2017. “Broadcasting Quality: Re-centering Feminist Discourse with the Good Wife.” Television & New Media 18 (2): 105–113. doi:10.1177/1527476416652485.
  • Rivero, Yeidy. 2017. “La Reina Del Sur: Teresa Mendoza, a New Telenovela Protagonist.” In Television Antiheroines: Women Behaving Badly in Crime and Prison Drama, edited by Milly Buonanno, 141–157. United Kingdom: Intellect.
  • Robinson, Joanna 2015. “How a Lifetime Show Gave Us TV’s First Pure Female Antihero.” Vanity Fair, August 3. https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2015/08/unreal-shiri-appleby-rachel-female-anti-hero
  • Rowles, Dustin 2013. “Where Is the Female Walter White?” Salon, September 8. http://www.salon.com/2013/09/08/stop_imposing_a_double_standard_on_skyler_white_partner/
  • Shafer, Daniel, and Arthur Raney. 2012. “Exploring How We Enjoy Antihero Narratives.” Journal of Communication 62 (6): 1028–1046. doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01682.x.
  • Shirley, Li. 2015. “‘Unreal’ Creators: ‘Being Totally Cynical Wasn’t Our Aim’”. Entertainment Weekly, June 12. https://ew.com/article/2015/06/12/unreal-creators-marti-noxon-sarah-gertrude-shapiro/
  • Smith, Murray. 1995. Engaging Characters: Fiction, Emotion, and the Cinema. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Smith, Murray. 1999. “Gangsters, Cannibals, Aesthetes, or Apparently Perverse Allegiances.” In Passionate Views: Film, Cognition, and Emotion, edited by Carl Plantinga and Greg Smith, 217–238. Mayland: John Hopkins University Press.
  • Susman, Gary 2015. “The Meteoric Rise of the TV Anti-Heroine”. Moviefone, June 19. https://www.moviefone.com/2015/06/19/rise-of-the-tv-anti-heroine/
  • Tongson, Karen 2016. “Antiheroic Feminism: An Interview with “Unreal” Co-creator Sarah Gertrude Shapiro”. Public Books, February 6. https://www.publicbooks.org/antiheroic-feminism-an-interview-with-unreal-co-creator-sarah-gertrude-shapiro/
  • Vaage, Margrethe Bruun. 2014. “Blinded by Familiarity: Partiality, Morality and Engagement in Television Series.” In Cognitive Media Theory, edited by Ted Nannicelli and Paul Taberham, 268–284. New York: Routledge.
  • Vermeule, Blakey. 2010. Why Do We Care about Literary Characters? Baltimore: JHU.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.