Ethnic conflict and gender inequality in education: the case of Turkey

Bibliography

• Acar, F., A. Güneş-Ayata, and D. Varoğlu. “ Cinsiyete Dayalı Ayrımcılık: Türkiye’de Eğitim Sektörü örneği: Cinsiyete Dayalı Ayrımcılık ve Kadın çalışanlara Karşı Tutumlar: Türkiye’de Eğitim Sektörü örneği.” TC Başbakanlık Kadının Statüsü ve Sorunları Genel Müdürlüğü, 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Adaman, F., and Ç. Keyder. “Poverty and Social Exclusion in the Slum Areas of Large Cities in Turkey.” Report for the European Commission, Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Ahmetbeyzade, C. “Kurdish Nationalism in Turkey and the Role of Peasant Kurdish Women.” In Gender Ironies of Nationalism: Sexing the Nation, edited by Tamar Meyer, 187–210. London: Routledge, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Alat, Z., and K. Alat. “A Qualitative Study of Parental Resistance to Girls’ Schooling.” Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice 11, no. 3 (2011): 1369–1373.
   Google Scholar
• Al-Rebholz, A. “Gendered Subjectivity and Intersectional Political Agency in Transnational Space: The Case of Turkish and Kurdish Women’s NGO Activists.” In Situating Intersectionality, edited by Angelia R. Wilson, 107–129. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Altinay, Ayşe Gül. The Myth of the Military-Nation: Militarism, Gender, and Education in Turkey. New York: Macmillan, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Alwy, A., and S. Schech. “Ethnic Inequalities in Education in Kenya.” International Education Journal 5, no. 2 (2004): 266–274.
   Google Scholar
• Arat, Yeşim. The Patriarchal Paradox, Women Politicians in Turkey. London: Associated University Press, 1989.
   Google Scholar
• Bahar, O. S. “‘Education Is Important But … ’: Low-Income Kurdish Migrant Mothers’ Beliefs About Child Education and Child Labor.” Journal of Global Social Work Practice 4, no. 2 (2011). http://www.globalsocialwork.org/vol4no2/Bahar.html.
   Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, P. “The Economics of Linguistic Exchanges.” Social Science Information 16, no. 6 (1977): 645–668. doi: 10.1177/053901847701600601
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourdieu, Pierre. Language and Symbolic Power. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1991.
   Google Scholar
• Brady, H. E. “Causation and Explanation in Social Science.” In The Oxford Handbook of Political Methodology, edited by Janet M. Box-Steffensmeier, Henry E. Brady, and David Collier, 217–270. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Brady, H. E., D. Collier, and J. Seawright. “Toward a Pluralistic Vision of Methodology.” Political Analysis 14, no. 3 (2006): 353–368. doi: 10.1093/pan/mpj021
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brizic, K., and K. Yagmur. “Mapping Linguistic Diversity in an Emigration and Immigration Context: Case Studies on Turkey and Austria.” Mapping Linguistic Diversity in Multicultural Contexts 94 (2008): 245–264.
   Google Scholar
• Bush, Kenneth David, and Diana Saltarelli. The Two Faces of Education in Ethnic Conflict: Towards a Peacebuilding Education for Children. Florence: UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre, 2000.
   Google Scholar
• Caprioli, M. “Gender Equality and State Aggression: The Impact of Domestic Gender Equality on State First Use of Force.” International Interactions 29, no. 3 (2003): 195–214. doi: 10.1080/03050620304595
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Celiker, Anna Grabolle. Kurdish Life in Contemporary Turkey: Migration, Gender and Ethnic Identity. Vol. 2. London: IB Tauris, 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Chernichovski, D. “Socio-Economic and Demographic Aspects of School Enrollment and Attendance in Rural Botswana.” Economic Development and Cultural Change 33, no. 2 (1985): 319–332. doi: 10.1086/451463
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cin, F. M., and M. Walker. “Reconsidering Girls’ Education in Turkey from a Capabilities and Feminist Perspective.” International Journal of Educational Development 49 (2016): 134–143. doi: 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2016.02.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cindoglu, D., and D. Unal. “Gender and Sexuality in the Authoritarian Discursive Strategies of ‘New Turkey’.” European Journal of Women’s Studies 24, no. 1 (2017): 39–54. doi: 10.1177/1350506816679003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cosar, S., and M. Yegenoglu. “New Grounds for Patriarchy in Turkey? Gender Policy in the Age of AKP.” South European Society and Politics 16, no. 4 (2011): 555–573. doi: 10.1080/13608746.2011.571919
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies, Lynn. Education and Conflict: Complexity and Chaos. New York: Routledge, 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Day, W. “ The Politics of Poverty in Turkey’s Southeast.” Middle East Report, 24–26, 2008. http://www.merip.org/mer/mer247/politics-poverty-turkeys-southeast.
   Google Scholar
• Diner, C., and Ş. Toktaş. “Waves of Feminism in Turkey: Kemalist, Islamist and Kurdish Women’s Movements in an Era of Globalization.” Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies 12, no. 1 (2010): 41–57. doi: 10.1080/19448950903507388
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Efegil, E. “Analysis of the AKP Government’s Policy Toward the Kurdish Issue.” Turkish Studies 12, no. 1 (2011): 27–40. doi: 10.1080/14683849.2011.563938
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erman, T. “Rural Migrants and Patriarchy in Turkish Cities.” International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 25, no. 1 (2001): 118–133. doi: 10.1111/1468-2427.00301
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ertem, M., and T. Kocturk. “Opinions on Early-Age Marriage and Marriage Customs among Kurdish-Speaking Women in Southeast Turkey.” Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care 34, no. 3 (2008): 147–152. doi: 10.1783/147118908784734927
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Filmer, D. The Structure of Social Disparities in Education: Gender and Wealth. Policy Research Working Paper No. 2268. Washington, DC: World Bank, 2000.
   Google Scholar
• Göle, Nilüfer. “Authoritarian Secularism and Islamist Politics: The Case of Turkey.” In Civil Society in the Middle East, edited by A. R. Norton, 17–43. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1996.
   Google Scholar
• Gross, J. E. “The Politics of Unofficial Language Use Walloon in Belgium, Tamazight in Morocco.” Critique of Anthropology 13, no. 2 (1993): 177–208. doi: 10.1177/0308275X9301300204
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gümüş, S., and E. Gümüş. “Achieving Gender Parity in Primary School Education in Turkey via the Campaign Called‘Haydi Kızlar Okula’ (Girls, Let’s Go to School).” Education and Science 38, no. 167 (2013): 17–26.
   Google Scholar
• Gündüz-Hoşgör, A., and J. Smits. Linguistic Capital: Language as a Socio-Economic Resource among Ethnic Women in Turkey. Mimeograph. Ankara: Middle East Technical University, 2001.
   Google Scholar
• Gürbüz, Mustafa. Rival Kurdish Movements in Turkey: Transforming the Ethnic Conflict. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Gürses, M. “Is Islam a Cure for Ethnic Conflict: Evidence from Turkey.” Politics and Religion 8, no. 1 (2015): 135–154. doi: 10.1017/S1755048315000024
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies Turkey Demographic and Health Survey, 2008. Hacettepe University Press, 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Hassanpour, Amir. “The (Re) Production of Patriarchy in the Kurdish Language.” Women of a Non-State Nation. The Kurds. Kurdish Studies Series, no. 3 (2001): 227–263.
   Google Scholar
• Herz, Barbara Knapp, and Gene B. Sperling. What Works in Girls’ Education: Evidence and Policies from the Developing World. New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Ilker, C. B. “The Capitalistic Function of Education-Directed Social Responsibility Projects in Turkey Within the Context of Relationships Between the Private Sector and NGOs.” Journal for Critical Education Policy Studies 6, no. 1 (2008): 224–243.
   Google Scholar
• Ilkkaracan, P. “Exploring the Context of Women’s Sexuality in Eastern Turkey.” Reproductive Health Matters 6, no. 12 (1998): 66–75. doi: 10.1016/S0968-8080(98)90009-X
   Google Scholar
• Kandiyoti, D. “Bargaining with Patriarchy.” Gender and Society 2, no. 3 (1988): 274–290. doi: 10.1177/089124388002003004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kao, G., and J. S. Thompson. “Racial and Ethnic Stratification in Educational Achievement and Attainment.” Annual Review of Sociology 29 (2003): 417–442. doi: 10.1146/annurev.soc.29.010202.100019
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaya, Nurcan. Forgotten or Assimilated? Minorities in the Education System of Turkey. London: Minority Rights Group International, 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Kırdar, M. G. “Explaining Ethnic Disparities in School Enrollment in Turkey.” Economic Development and Cultural Change 57, no. 2 (2009): 297–333. doi: 10.1086/592841
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leech, B. L. “Asking Questions: Techniques for Semistructured Interviews.” Political Science & Politics 35, no. 4 (2002): 665–668. doi: 10.1017/S1049096502001129
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• May, Stephen. Language and Minority Rights: Ethnicity, Nationalism and the Politics of Language. London: Routledge, 2013.
   Google Scholar
• McClure, K. R. “Turkey’s Eastern Question: Educational Disparities and EU Accession.” The Washington Review of Turkish & Eurasian Affairs, February 2011. www.washingtonreview.org/articles/turkeys-eastern-question-educational-disparities-and-eu-accession,html.
   Google Scholar
• Moghadam, Valentine M. Democratic Reform and the Position of Women in Transitional Economies. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993.
   Google Scholar
• Mojab, S. “Vengeance and Violence: Kurdish Women Recount the War.” Canadian Woman Studies 19, no. 4 (2000): 89–94.
   Google Scholar
• O’Dwyer, J., N. Aksit, and M. Sands. “Expanding Educational Access in Eastern Turkey: A New Initiative.” International Journal of Educational Development 30, no. 2 (2010): 193–203. doi: 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2009.03.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olson, Robert. The Kurdish Nationalist Movement in the 1990s. Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 1996.
   Google Scholar
• Ozkaleli, U. “State of the State in Their Minds: Intersectional Framework for Women’s Citizenship in Turkey.” Women's Studies International Forum 48 (2015): 93–102. doi: 10.1016/j.wsif.2014.11.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polat, N., and L. J. Mahalingappa. “Gender Differences in Identity and Acculturation Patterns and L2 Accent Attainment.” Journal of Language, Identity, and Education 9, no. 1 (2010): 17–35. doi: 10.1080/15348450903476832
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rankin, B. H., and I. A. Aytaç. “Gender Inequality in Schooling: The Case of Turkey.” Sociology of Education 79, no. 1 (2006): 25–43. doi: 10.1177/003804070607900102
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romano, David. The Kurdish Nationalist Movement: Opportunity, Mobilization, and Identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Sahin-Mencutek, Z. “Strong in the Movement, Strong in the Party: Women’s Representation in the Kurdish Party of Turkey.” Political Studies 6, no. 2 (2016): 470–487. doi: 10.1111/1467-9248.12188
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schaffer, F. C. “Ordinary Language Interviewing.” In Interpretation and Method. Empirical Research Methods and the Interpretative Turn, edited by D. Yanow and P. Schwartz-Shea, 150–160. London: Routledge, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Sen, Amartya. Gender and Cooperative Conflicts. Working Papers. Helsinki: Wider, 1987.
   Google Scholar
• Shemyakina, O. “ The Effect of Armed Conflict on Accumulation of Schooling: Results from Tajikistan.” University of Sussex, HiCN Working Paper. Households in Conflict Network, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Sirkeci, I. “Exploring the Kurdish Population in the Turkish Context.” Genus 56, no. 1–2 (2000): 149–175.
   Google Scholar
• Sirman, N. “The Making of Familial Citizenship in Turkey.” In Citizenship in a Global World, European Questions and Turkish Experiences, edited by E. F. Keyman and A. Içduygu, 147–172. New York: Routledge, 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Smits, J., and A. Gündüz-Hoşgör. “Linguistic Capital: Language as a Socio-Economic Resource among Kurdish and Arabic Women in Turkey.” Ethnic & Racial Studies 26, no. 5 (2003): 829–853. doi: 10.1080/0141987032000109050
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smits, J., and A. Gündüz Hoşgör. “Effects of Family Background Characteristics on Educational Participation in Turkey.” International Journal of Educational Development 26, no. 5 (2006): 545–560. doi: 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2006.02.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Somuncu, M. “Achieving Universal Primary Education in Mountains: Turkey’s Education Campaign for Girls:‘Off to School, Girls!’(‘Haydi KIzlar Okula!’).” Mountain Research and Development 26, no. 1 (2006): 20–23. doi: 10.1659/0276-4741(2006)026[0020:AUPEIM]2.0.CO;2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stromquist, N. P. “Gender Inequality in Education: Accounting for Women’s Subordination.” British Journal of Sociology of Education 11, no. 2 (1990): 137–153. doi: 10.1080/0142569900110202
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tansel, A. “Determinants of School Attainment of Boys and Girls in Turkey: Individual, Household and Community Factors.” Economics of Education Review 21, no. 5 (2002): 455–470. doi: 10.1016/S0272-7757(01)00028-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taspinar, Omer. Kurdish Nationalism and Political Islam in Turkey: Kemalist Identity in Transition. New York: Routledge, 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Tekeli, Şirin. “Emergence of the Feminist Movement in Turkey.” In The New Women’s Movement, edited by D. Dahlerup, 179–199. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1986.
   Google Scholar
• Tezcür, M. G. “When Democratization Radicalizes: The Kurdish Nationalist Movement in Turkey.” Journal of Peace Research 47 (2010): 775–789. doi: 10.1177/0022343310386156
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tezcür, M. G. “Prospects for Resolution of the Kurdish Question: A Realist Perspective.” Insight Turkey 15 (2013): 69–84.
   Google Scholar
• Uçarlar, Nesrin. Between Majority Power and Minority Resistance: Kurdish Linguistic Rights in Turkey. Lund: Department of Political Science, Lund University, 2009.
   Google Scholar
• UNESCO Institute for Statistics. “Think Piece Commissioned for the EFA Global Monitoring Report 2011, The Hidden Crisis: Armed Conflict and Education.” September 2010.
   Google Scholar
• UNESCO Institute for Statistics Global Education Digest: Comparing Education Statistics Across the World. 2010. Montreal, Canada: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2010.
   Google Scholar
• White, J. B. “State Feminism, Modernization and the Turkish Republican Woman.” National Women’s Studies Association Journal 15, no. 3 (2003): 145–159.
   Google Scholar
• Yeğen, M. “‘Prospective-Turks’ or ‘Pseudo-Citizens’: Kurds in Turkey.” The Middle East Journal 63, no. 4 (2009): 597–615. doi: 10.3751/63.4.14
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yüksel-Kaptanoglu, İ., and E. Akadli. “Early Marriage: Trends in Turkey, 1978-2008.” Journal of Family Issues 35, no. 12 (2014): 1719–1720. doi: 10.1177/0192513X14538025
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zihnioglu, Yaprak. Kadinsiz Inkilap. Istanbul: Metis, 2003.
   Google Scholar