Who receives clientelistic benefits? Social identity, relative deprivation, and clientelistic acceptance among Turkish voters

Bibliography

• Akdag, Gul. Ethnicity and Elections in Turkey: Party Politics and the Mobilization of Swing Voters. London: Routledge, 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Aktürk, Şener. Regimes of Ethnicity and Nationhood in Germany, Russia, and Turkey. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Alesina, Alberto, Edward Glaeser, and Edward Ludwig Glaeser. Fighting Poverty in the US and Europe: A World of Difference. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Arat, Yeşim. Rethinking Islam and Liberal Democracy: Islamist Women in Turkish Politics. Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Auyero, Javier. Poor People’s Politics: Peronist Survival Networks and the Legacy of Evita. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2001.
   Google Scholar
• Aytaç, S Erdem. “Distributive Politics in a Multiparty System.” Comparative Political Studies 47, no. 9 (2014): 1211–1237.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aytaç, S Erdem, and Ali Çarkoğlu. “Ethnicity and Religiosity-Based Prejudice in Turkey: Evidence from a Survey Experiment.” International Political Science Review 40, no. 1 (2019): 58–72.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baldwin, Kate, and John D Huber. “Economic Versus Cultural Differences: Forms of Ethnic Diversity and Public Goods Provision.” American Political Science Review 104, no. 4 (2010): 644–662.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bobonis, Gustavo J, Paul Gertler, Marco Gonzalez-Navarro, and Simeon Nichter. “Vulnerability and Clientelism,” National Bureau of Economic Research, Working Paper 23589, 2017. available at https://www.nber.org/papers/w23589.
   Google Scholar
• Brusco, Valeria, Marcelo Nazareno, and Susan C Stokes. “Vote Buying in Argentina.” Latin American Research Review 39, no. 2 (2004): 66–88.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buğra, Ayşe, and Çağlar Keyder. “The Turkish Welfare Regime in Transformation.” Journal of European Social Policy 16, no. 3 (2006): 211–228.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bulut, Alper T. “How Clientelistic Parties Go Programmatic: The Strategic Logic of Responsiveness in a Least Likely Case (the AKP of Turkey).” Comparative Politics 52, no. 2 (2020): 333–356.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calvo, Ernesto, and Maria Victoria Murillo. “When Parties Meet Voters.” Comparative Political Studies 46, no. 7 (2013): 851–882.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Çarkoğlu, Alı, and S. Erdem Aytaç. “Who Gets Targeted for Vote-Buying? Evidence from an Augmented List Experiment in Turkey.” European Political Science Review 7, no. 4 (2015): 547–566.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Çarkoğlu, Ali, and Ersin Kalaycıoğlu. Turkish Democracy Today: Elections, Protest and Stability in an Islamic Society. London: IB Tauris, 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Chandra, Kanchan. “Counting Heads: A Theory of Voter and Elite Behavior in Patronage Democracies.” In Patrons, Clients, and Policies: Patterns of Democratic Accountability and Political Competition, edited by Herbert Kitschelt, and Steven Wilkinson, 84–109. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Corstange, Daniel. “Ethnicity on the Sleeve and Class in the Heart.” British Journal of Political Science 43, no. 4 (2013): 889–914.
   Google Scholar
• Cruz, Cesi. “Social Networks and the Targeting of Vote Buying.” Comparative Political Studies 52, no. 3 (2019): 382–411.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diaz-Cayeros, Alberto, Federico Estévez, and Beatriz Magaloni. The Political Logic of Poverty Relief: Electoral Strategies and Social Policy in Mexico. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Finan, Frederico, and Laura Schechter. “Vote-Buying and Reciprocity.” Econometrica 80, no. 2 (2012): 863–881.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gans-Morse, Jordan, Sebastian Mazzuca, and Simeon Nichter. “Varieties of Clientelism: Machine Politics During Elections.” American Journal of Political Science 58, no. 2 (2014): 415–432.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gidron, Noam, and Peter A Hall. “Populism as a Problem of Social Integration.” Comparative Political Studies 53, no. 7 (2020): 1027–1059.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gomila, Robin. “Logistic or Linear? Estimating Causal Effects of Experimental Treatments on Binary Outcomes Using Regression Analysis.” Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 150, no. 4 (2021): 700–709.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gourlay, William. “Oppression, Solidarity, Resistance: The Forging of Kurdish Identity in Turkey.” Ethnopolitics 17, no. 2 (2018): 130–146.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grimalda, Gianluca, Nancy Buchan, and Marilynn Brewer. “Social Identity Mediates the Positive Effect of Globalization on Individual Cooperation: Results from International Experiments.” PloS One 13, no. 12 (2018): e0206819–e0206819.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gürakar, Esra Çeviker, and Tuba Bircan. “Redistributive Politics, Clientelism, and Political Patronage Under the AKP.” In Clientelism and Patronage in the Middle East and North Africa, edited by Laura Ruiz de Elvira, Christoph Schwarz, and Irene Weipert-Fenner, 69–97. London: Routledge, 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Heper, Metin. The State Tradition in Turkey. Beverly UK: Eothen Press, 1985.
   Google Scholar
• Hicken, Allen. “Clientelism.” Annual Review of Political Science 14 (2011): 289–310.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huber, John D. “Measuring Ethnic Voting: Do Proportional Electoral Laws Politicize Ethnicity?” American Journal of Political Science 56, no. 4 (2012): 986–1001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huddy, Leonie. “From Group Identity to Political Cohesion and Commitment.” In Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology, edited by Leonie Huddy, David O. Sears, and Jack Levy, 511–558. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Isaksson, Ann-Sofie, and Arne Bigsten. “Clientelism and Ethnic Divisions in African Countries.” African Affairs 116, no. 465 (2017): 621–647.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kam, Christopher. “The Secret Ballot and the Market for Votes at 19th-Century British Elections.” Comparative Political Studies 50, no. 5 (2017): 594–635.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karakoç, Ekrem. “Ethnicity and Trust in National and International Institutions: Kurdish Attitudes Toward Political Institutions in Turkey.” Turkish Studies 14, no. 1 (2013): 92–114.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kasara, Kimuli. “Tax Me If You Can: Ethnic Geography, Democracy, and the Taxation of Agriculture in Africa.” American Political Science Review 101, no. 1 (2007): 159–172.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kenny, Paul D. Populism and Patronage: Why Populists Win Elections in India, Asia, and Beyond. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Kitschelt, Herbert. “Linkages Between Citizens and Politicians in Democratic Polities.” Comparative Political Studies 33, no. 6–7 (2000): 845–879.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kitschelt, Herbert. “Clientelistic Linkage Strategies: A Descriptive Exploration. “ Paper presented at the workshop on democratic accountability strategies, Duke University, Durham, NC, 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Kitschelt, Herbert Paul, and Daniel M Kselman. “Do Institutions Matter for Parties’ Electoral Linkage Strategies. “ Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American political science association, Seattle WA, September 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Kitschelt, Herbert, and Steven I Wilkinson. In Patrons, Clients and Policies: Patterns of Democratic Accountability and Political Competition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Kramon, Eric. Money for Votes: The Causes and Consequences of Electoral Clientelism in Africa. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Kudat, Ayşe. “Patron-Client Relations: The State of the Art and Research in Eastern Turkey.” In Political Participation in Turkey: Historical Background and Present Problems, edited by Engin Akarlı, and Gabriel Ben-Dor, 61–87. Istanbul: Boğaziçi University Press, 1975.
   Google Scholar
• Laebens, Melis G, and Aykut Öztürk. “Partisanship and Autocratization: Polarization, Power Asymmetry, and Partisan Social Identities in Turkey.” Comparative Political Studies 54, no. 2 (2021): 245–279.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larreguy, Horacio. Cesar E Montiel Olea, and Pablo Querubin. “The Role of Labor Unions as Political Machines: Evidence from the Case of the Mexican Teachers’ Union.” Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, 2014, available at https://www.iq.harvard.edu/files/iqss/files/updated_march_6_paper.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Lawson, Chappell, and Kenneth F Greene. “Making Clientelism Work: How Norms of Reciprocity Increase Voter Compliance.” Comparative Politics 47, no. 1 (2014): 61–85.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mares, Isabela. From Open Secrets to Secret Voting: Democratic Electoral Reforms and Voter Autonomy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Mares, Isabela, and Lauren E Young. The Core Voter’s Curse: Coercion and Clientelism in Hungarian Elections.” Working Paper. Columbia University, 2016.
   Google Scholar
• McClain, Paula D, Jessica D Johnson Carew, Eugene Walton Jr, and Candis S Watts. “Group Membership, Group Identity, and Group Consciousness: Measures of Racial Identity in American Politics?” Annual Review of Political Science 12 (2009): 471–485.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McClendon, Gwyneth H. Envy in Politics. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Nichter, Simeon. “Vote Buying or Turnout Buying? Machine Politics and the Secret Ballot.” American Political Science Review 102, no. 1 (2008): 19–31.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nichter, Simeon, and Michael Peress. “Request Fulfilling: When Citizens Demand Clientelist Benefits.” Comparative Political Studies 50, no. 8 (2017): 1086–1117.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oakes, Penelope. “Psychological Groups and Political Psychology: A Response to Huddy's "Critical Examination of Social Identity Theory".” Political Psychology 23, no. 4 (2002): 809–824.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarigil, Zeki. “Curbing Kurdish Ethno-Nationalism in Turkey: An Empirical Assessment of pro-Islamic and Socio-Economic Approaches.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 33, no. 3 (2010): 533–553.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarigil, Zeki. “Ethnic and Religious Prejudices in the Turkish Social Landscape.” European Sociological Review 34, no. 6 (2018): 711–727.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarigil, Zeki, and Omer Fazlioglu. “Exploring the Roots and Dynamics of Kurdish Ethno-Nationalism in Turkey.” Nations and Nationalism 20, no. 3 (2014): 436–458.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sayarı, Sabri. “Interdisciplinary Approaches to Political Clientelism and Patronage in Turkey.” Turkish Studies 15, no. 4 (2014): 655–670.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stokes, Susan C. “Perverse Accountability: A Formal Model of Machine Politics with Evidence from Argentina.” American Political Science Review 99, no. 3 (2005): 315–325.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stokes, Susan C, Thad Dunning, Marcelo Nazareno, and Valeria Brusco. Brokers, Voters, and Clientelism: The Puzzle of Distributive Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Tajfel, Henri. Social Identity and Intergroup Relations. Vol. 7. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Tezcur, Gunes Murat. “Electoral Behavior in Civil Wars: The Kurdish Conflict in Turkey.” Civil Wars 17, no. 1 (2015): 70–88.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tezcür, Güneş Murat, and Mehmet Gurses. “Ethnic Exclusion and Mobilization: The Kurdish Conflict in Turkey.” Comparative Politics 49, no. 2 (2017): 213–234.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thachil, Tariq. “Elite Parties and Poor Voters: Theory and Evidence from India.” American Political Science Review 108, no. 2 (2014): 454–477.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toprak, Binnaz. “Islam and Democracy in Turkey.” Turkish Studies 6, no. 2 (2005): 167–186.
   Google Scholar
• Trump, Kris-Stella. “When and Why Is Economic Inequality Seen as Fair.” Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences 34 (2020): 46–51.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tutkal, Serhat. Trustees Instead of Elected Mayors: Authoritarian Neoliberalism and the Removal of Kurdish Mayors in Turkey.” Nationalities Papers, published online 2021.
   Google Scholar
• Van de Walle, Nicolas. “Presidentialism and Clientelism in Africa’s Emerging Party Systems.” The Journal of Modern African Studies 41, no. 2 (2003): 297–321.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Yi-ting, and Kiril Kolev. “Ethnic Group Inequality, Partisan Networks, and Political Clientelism.” Political Research Quarterly 72, no. 2 (2019): 329–341.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weitz-Shapiro, Rebecca. Curbing Clientelism in Argentina: Politics, Poverty, and Social Policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Yıldırım, Kerem. “Clientelism and Dominant Incumbent Parties: Party Competition in an Urban Turkish Neighbourhood.” Democratization 27, no. 1 (2020): 81–99.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoltar, Çağrı, and Erdem Yörük. “Contentious Welfare: The Kurdish Conflict and Social Policy as Counterinsurgency in Turkey.” Governance 34, no. 2 (2021): 353–371.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yörük, Erdem. “Welfare Provision as Political Containment.” Politics & Society 40, no. 4 (2012): 517–547.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar