‘This is my garden’: justice claims and struggles over forests in Vietnam’s REDD+

References

• Angelsen, A., Brockhaus, M., Kanninen, M., Sills, E., Sunderlin, W. D., Wertz-Kanounnikof, S., … Johnson, E. A. (Eds.). (2009). Realizing REDD: National strategy and policy options. Bogor: Center for International Forestry Research.
   Google Scholar
• Buijs, A., & Lawrence, A. (2013). Emotional conflicts in rational forestry: Towards a research agenda for understanding emotions in environmental conflicts. Forest Policy and Economics, 33, 104–111. doi: 10.1016/j.forpol.2012.09.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cam, H. (2011). Forest thieves: State resource policies, market forces, struggles over livelihood and meanings of nature in a Northwestern Valley of Vietnam. In T. Sikor, P. T. Nghiem, J. Sowerwine, & J. Romm (Eds.), Upland transformations in Vietnam (pp. 92–114). Singapore: National University of Singapore Press.
   Google Scholar
• Carrier, J., & West, W. (Eds.). (2009). Virtualism, governance and practice: Vision and execution in environmental conservation. Oxford: Berghahn Books.
   Google Scholar
• Chhotray, V. (2016). Justice at Sea: Fishers’ politics and marine conservation in coastal Odisha, India. Maritime Studies, 15(4). doi: 10.1186/s40152-016-0043-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chomba, S., Kariuki, J., Lund, J. F., & Sinclair, F. (2016). Roots of inequity: How the implementation of REDD+ reinforces past injustices. Land Use Policy, 50, 202–213. doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2015.09.021
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Di Gregorio, M., Brockhaus, M., Cronin, T., Muharrom, E., Santoso, L., Mardiah, S., & Büdenbender, M. (2013). Equity and REDD+ in the media: A comparative analysis of policy discourses. Ecology and Society, 18(2), 39. doi:10.5751/ES-05694-180239
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forsyth, T., & Sikor, T. (2013). Forests, development, and the globalization of justice. The Geographical Journal, 179(2), 114–121. doi: 10.1111/geoj.12006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraser, N. (2009). Scales of justice: Reimagining political space in a globalizing world. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Guha, R., & Martinez-Alier, J. (1997). Varieties of environmentalism: Essays north and south. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hardy, A. (2003). Red hill: Migrants and the state in the highland of Vietnam. Copenhagen: NIAS Press.
   Google Scholar
• Independent WriteNet Researcher. (2002). Vietnam: Indigenous minority groups in the central highlands (WriteNet Paper No. 5. 05/2001). Geneva: United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Center for Documentation and Research.
   Google Scholar
• Lam Dong PRAP. (2015). Retrieved from http://www.vietnam-redd.org/Upload/CMS/Content/Library-GovernmentDocuments/PRAP%20Lam%20Dong%20QD247-UBND.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Leif, T., & Pål, O. V. (2017). Livelihoods and land uses in environmental policy approaches: The case of PES and REDD+ in the Lam dong province of Vietnam. Forests, 8, 39. doi:10.3390/f8020039
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leif, T. T., Pal, O., & Jon, G. (2016). Analyzing the transformations of forest PES in Vietnam: Implications for REDD. Forest Policy and Economics, 62, 109–117. doi: 10.1016/j.forpol.2015.11.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loft, L., Le, D. N., Pham, T. T., Yang, A. L., Tjajadi, J. S., & Wong, G. Y. (2017). Whose equity matters? National to local equity perceptions in Vietnam's payments for forest ecosystem services scheme. Ecological Economics, 135, 164–175. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.01.016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahanty, S., & McDermott, C. (2013). How does ‘free, prior and informed consent’ (FPIC) impact social equity? Lessons from mining and forestry and their implications for REDD+. Land Use Policy, 35(6), 406–416. doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2013.06.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MARD. (2016, July). Self-assessment on the degree for the preparedness to implement REDD+ in Vietnam (Unpublished Report). Hanoi.
   Google Scholar
• Martin, A., Gross-Camp, N., Kebede, B., McGuire, S., & Munyarukaza, J. (2014). Whose environmental justice? Exploring local and global perspectives in a payments for ecosystem services scheme in Rwanda. Geoforum, 54, 167–177. doi: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2013.02.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McElwee, P. (2009). Policies of prejudice: Ethnicity and shifting cultivation in Vietnam. Watershed, 5(1), 30–38.
   Google Scholar
• McElwee, P. (2016a). Doing REDD+ work in Vietnam: Will the new carbon focus bring equity to forest management? In S. Fiske & S. Paladino (Eds.), The carbon fix: Global equity and the new environmental regimes (pp. 184–200). Berkeley: Left Coast Press.
   Google Scholar
• McElwee, P. (2016b). Forests are gold: Trees, people and environmental rule in Vietnam. Washington, DC: University of Washington Press.
   Google Scholar
• Nguyen, Q. T., Luong, T. T., Nguyen, T. H. V., & Tip, K. (2010). Evaluation and verification of the free, prior and informed consent process under the UN-REDD programme in Lam dong province, Vietnam. Bangkok: RECOFTC-The Center for People and Forests.
   Google Scholar
• Okereke, C., & Dooley, K. (2010). Principles of justice in proposals and policy approaches to avoided deforestation: Towards a post-Kyoto climate agreement. Global Environmental Change, 20, 82–95. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2009.08.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peluso, N. L. (1992). Rich forests, poor people: Resource control and resistance in java. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Peluso, N. L. (1996). Fruit trees and family trees in an anthropogenic forest: Ethics of access, property zones, and environmental change in Indonesia. Comparative Studies in Society and History, 38, 510–548. doi: 10.1017/S0010417500020041
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salemink, O. (1997). The king of fire and Vietnamese ethnic policy in the central highlands. In D. McCaskill & K. Kampe (Eds.), Development or domestication? Indigenous peoples of Southeast Asia. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Book.
   Google Scholar
• Salemink, O. (2000a). Sedentarization and selective preservation among the montagnards in the Vietnamese central highlands. In J. Michaud (Ed.), Turbulent times and enduring peoples: Mountain minorities in the South-East Asian Massif. London: Curzon Press.
   Google Scholar
• Salemink, O. (2000b). Customary law, land rights and internal migration. Vietnam Social Sciences, 2(76), 65–79.
   Google Scholar
• Savaresi, A. (2013). Redd+ and human rights: Addressing synergies between international regimes. Ecology and Society, 18(3), 5. doi: 10.5751/ES-05549-180305
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schlosberg, D. (2004). Reconceiving environmental justice: Global movements and political theories. Environmental Politics, 13(3), 517–540. doi: 10.1080/0964401042000229025
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schroeder, H. (2010). Agency in international climate negotiations: The case of indigenous peoples and avoided deforestation. International Environment Agreements, 10(4), 317–332. doi: 10.1007/s10784-010-9138-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schroeder, H., & McDermott, C. (2014). Beyond carbon: Enabling justice and equity in REDD+ across levels of governance. Ecology and Society, 19(1). doi:10.5751/ES-06537-190131
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schroeder, R., St. Martin, K., Wilson, B., & Sen, D. (2008). Third world environmental justice. Society and Natural Resources, 21, 547–555. doi: 10.1080/08941920802100721
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott, J. (1985). Weapons of the weak: Everyday forms of resistance. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sikor, T. (2011). Land allocations in Vietnam’s uplands: Negotiating property and authority. In T. Sikor, P. T. Nghiem, J. Sowerwine, & J. Romm (Eds.), Upland transformations in Vietnam (pp. 146–163). Singapore: National University of Singapore Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sikor, T. (2013). Redd+: justice effects of technical design. In T. Sikor (Ed.), The justices and injustices of ecosystem services (pp. 46–68). London: Earthscan.
   Google Scholar
• Sikor, T., & Hoang, C. (2016). Redd+ on the rocks? Conflict over forest and politics of justice in Vietnam. Human Ecology, 44(2), 217–227. doi: 10.1007/s10745-016-9821-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sikor, T., & Stahl, J. (2011). Forests and people: Property rights, governance and human rights. London: Earthscan.
   Google Scholar
• Suiseeya, K., & Caplow, S. (2013). In pursuit of procedural justice: Lessons from an analysis of 56 forest carbon project designs. Global Environmental Change, 23(5), 968–979. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.07.013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sunderlin, W. D., Larson, A. M., Duchelle, A. E., Resosudarmo, I. A. P., Huynh, T. B., Awono, A., & Dokken, T. (2014). How are REDD+ proponents addressing tenure problems? Evidence from Brazil, Cameroon, Tanzania, Indonesia, and Vietnam. World Development, 55(1), 37–52. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.01.013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• To, P., Dressler, W., & Mahanty, S. (2017). REDD+ for Red book? Negotiating rights to land and livelihoods through carbon governance in the central highlands of Vietnam. Geogorum, 81, 163–214.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• To, P., Mahanty, S., & Dressler, W. H. (2015). ‘A new landlord’(địa chủ mới)? Community, land conflict and state forest companies (SFCs) in Vietnam. Forest Policy & Economics, 58, 21–28. doi:10.1016/j.forpol.2014.10.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• UNFCCC. (2011). Decision 1/CP.16. The Cancun Agreements: Outcome of the work of the Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-term Cooperative Action under the Convention (pp. 1–31). Cancun: Author.
   Google Scholar
• UN-REDD. (2009).  UN-REDD Viet Nam programme. Retrieved from http://www.vn.undp.org/content/dam/vietnam/docs/Project%20Documents/27371_Viet_Nam_UNREDD_JPD_Final_for_website.PDF
   Google Scholar
• Upton, C. (2014). The new politics of pastoralism: Identity, justice and global activism. Geoforum, 54, 207–216. doi: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2013.11.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vandergeest, P., & Peluso, N. (1995). Territorialization and state power in Thailand. Theory and Society, 24, 385–426. doi: 10.1007/BF00993352
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker, G. (2011). Environmental justice. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, C., & Burris, M. A. (1997). Photovoice: Concept, methodology, and use for participatory needs assessment. Health Education and Behavior, 24(3), 369–387. doi: 10.1177/109019819702400309
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar