References
- Academic Degree Committee. (1995). Notice on Reforming the Approval Procedure of Doctoral Supervisors. (In Chinese) https://gradschool.ustc.edu.cn/static/upload/article/file/5.pdf
- Academic Degrees Committee. (1980). Regulations on Academic Degrees of the People’s Republic of China. (In Chinese) http://www.gov.cn/flfg/2005-06/22/content8526.htm
- Academic Degrees Committee. (1981). Guidelines for Implementing the Regulations on Academic Degrees. (In Chinese). http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_sjzl/sjzl_zcfg/zcfg_jyxzfg/202204/t20220422_620528.html
- Academic Degrees Committee, & Ministry of Education. (2014). Procedure for Quality Check of Doctoral and Masters Theses. (In Chinese) http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/s7065/201402/t20140212_165556.html
- Academic Degrees Committee, & Ministry of Education. (2020). Plan for Development of Professional Postgraduate Degrees (2020-2025). (In Chinese) http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A22/moe_826/202009/t20200930_492590.html
- Bao, Y., Kehm, B. M., & Ma, Y. (2018). From product to process. The reform of doctoral education in Europe and China. Studies in Higher Education, 43(3), 524–541. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2016.1182481
- Castelló, M., McAlpine, L., & Pyhältö, K. (2015). Trends influencing researcher education and careers: What do we know, need to know and do in looking forward. Frontline Learning Research, 3(3), 1–4.
- China Academic Degrees and Graduate Education Development Center (CDGDC). (n.d.). China Discipline Evaluation. (In Chinese) https://www.cdgdc.edu.cn/cde/index.htm
- China Scholarship Council. (2018, January). Application guide for CSC Fellowships 2018. (In Chinese). http://www.csc.edu.cn/article/1042
- He, X. (2018). Striving for a postgraduate education evaluation system and fully enhancing the quality of talent cultivation. Academic Degree and Graduate Education, 35(11), 35–38. (In Chinese).
- He, X., & Pan, G. (2021). An analysis of the ‘three-wide-education’ concept in supporting postgraduates’ employment in the post-COVID-19 period. Academic Degree and Graduate Education, 38(3), 32–37. (In Chinese).
- Huang, F., & Shen, W. (2019). What determinants affect doctoral students’ career plans? Main findings from a 2018 survey of Chinese doctoral students. International Journal of Chinese Education, 9(8), 99–116. https://doi.org/10.1163/22125868-12340108
- Jin, W., Wei, S., & Shen, Y. (2020). Reflections on promoting graduate students employment under the influence of COVID-19. Academic Degree and Graduate Education, 37(9), 16–20. https://doi.org/10.16750/j.adge.2020.09.003. (In Chinese).
- Kyvik, S., & Olsen, T. B. (2012). The relevance of doctoral training in different labour markets. Journal of Education & Work, 25(2), 205–224. https://doi.org/10.1080/13639080.2010.538376
- Li, Y. (2019). Employment choice and flow trend of Chinese doctoral graduates: Taking universities directly under the ministry of education as an example. China Higher Education Research, 35(9), 87–93. (In Chinese).
- Li, Z., Luo, Y., & Dong, W. (2007). Reform and practice of the double-blind evaluation of doctoral dissertations. Higher Education Development and Evaluation, 23(3), 51–56. (In Chinese).
- Ling, M. (2013). The effects of the implementation of double-blind evaluation of doctoral dissertations. Academic Degrees and Graduate Education, 30(7), 11–15. (In Chinese).
- Li, Y., Zhao, S., & Ma, L. (2014). An empirical study on examiners’ comments on doctoral dissertations. Academic Degree and Graduate Education, 31(10), 50–54. (In Chinese).
- Luo, Y., & Gu, J. (2015). Conflicts between China’s doctorates production and the labor market and solutions: A study on Chinese doctoral students’ career expectations. Academic Degrees and Graduate Education, 32(10), 53–58. (In Chinese).
- Ministry of Education. (2010). Outline of China’s National Plan for Medium and Long-Term Education Reform and Development (2010–2020). (In Chinese) http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A01/s7048/201007/t20100729_171904.html
- Ministry of Education. (2016). Number of Postgraduate Students by Academic Field (Total). (In Chinese) http://www.moe.gov.cn/s78/A03/moe_560/jytjsj_2016/2016_qg/201708/t20170822_311599.html
- Ministry of Education. (2020). A Notice on Supporting the Employment of the 2020 Higher Education Graduate Cohort During the Pandemic. (In Chinese) http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A15/s3265/202003/t20200306_428194.html
- Ministry of Education. (2021a). Number of Enrolment for Postgraduate Degree Programs by Provide Institutes. (In Chinese) http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_sjzl/moe_560/2021/quanguo/202301/t20230104_1038052.html
- Ministry of Education. (2021b). Number of Enrolment for Postgraduate Degree Programs by Providers (Regular HEIs). (In Chinese) http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_sjzl/moe_560/2021/quanguo/202301/t20230104_1038053.html
- Ministry of Education. (2023). Number of Students of Formal Education by Type and Level. http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_sjzl/moe_560/2021/quanguo/202301/t20230104_1038061.html
- Neumann, R., & Tan, K. K. (2011). From PhD to initial employment: The doctorate in a knowledge economy. Studies in Higher Education, 36(5), 601–614. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2011.594596
- Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, Ministry of Education, & Ministry of Science and Technology. (2021). Opinions on promoting robust development of scholarly journals. China Publishing Journal, 44(14), 3–5. (In Chinese). https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1002-4166.2021.14.001.
- Shen, W., Wang, C., & Jin, W. International mobility of Ph.D. students since the 1990s and its effect on China: A cross-national analysis. (2016). Journal of Higher Education Policy & Management, 38(3), 333–353. (In Chinese). https://doi.org/10.1080/1360080X.2016.1174420
- State Council. (2004). Regulations on Academic Degrees of the People’s Republic of China. (In Chinese) http://www.gov.cn/flfg/2005-06/22/content8526.htm
- Sun, X., Gao, H., Liu, Y., Zhao, W., & Chen, H. (2003). Thoughts on reforms to doctoral dissertation evaluation. Academic Degrees and Graduate Education, 20(7), 23–26. (In Chinese).
- Wang, B. (2022). Time, temporality, and (im)mobility: Unpacking the temporal experiences among Chinese international students during the COVID‐19. Population, Space and Place, 28(5), e2545. https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.2545
- Wang, Z. (2012). Academic degrees and graduate education: Evaluation theories and methods. Higher Education Press. (In Chinese).
- Wang, Z. (2017).Quality of China’s doctoral education. Popular Science Press. (In Chinese)
- Xu, D., Shen, W., & Chen, H. (2022). Employment destination and job-seeking mentality of PhD graduates: A comparative analysis based on two national surveys. China Higher Education Research, 38(7), 69–75. https://doi.org/10.16298/j.cnki.1004-3667.2022.07.12. (In Chinese).
- Yan, G. (2018). The radiation effect of the double world class initiative. Journal of Soochow University, 5(1), 5–6. (In Chinese).
- Yang, R. (2012). Up and coming? Doctoral education in China. Australian Universities’ Review, 54(1), 64–71.
- Yao, Z., Lang, K., Luo, B., Kong, Y., & Zhang, L. (2011). Internal control and external monitoring of the quality of graduate degree theses: A case study of Southeast University. Journal of Graduate Education, 1(5), 31–37. (In Chinese).
- Zhang, W. (2003). A comparison of the scale and structure of graduate education between China and the U. S. Academic Degrees and Graduate Education, 20(7), 39–42. (In Chinese).
- Zheng, G., Shen, W., & Cai, Y. (2018). Institutional logics of Chinese doctoral education system. Higher Education, 76(5), 753–770. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-018-0236-3
- Zhou, J., Zhang, X., & Hua, H. (2007). Exploring the legitimacy of the expansion of China’s graduate education. Academic Degrees and Graduate Education, 24(10), 61–65. (In Chinese).
- Zhu, C., Cai, Y., & François, K. (2017). Perceptions of European and Chinese stakeholders on doctoral education in China and Europe. European Journal of Higher Education, 7(3), 227–242. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568235.2017.1290866