732
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Drug Evaluation

Insulin degludec + liraglutide: a complementary combination

, &
Pages 1171-1177 | Received 26 Apr 2016, Accepted 22 Jul 2016, Published online: 05 Aug 2016

References

  • International Diabetes Federation. IDF diabetes atlas. 7th ed. Brussels (Belgium): International Diabetes Federation; 2015 [cited 2016 Apr 3]. Available from: http://www.diabetesatlas.org.
  • Inzucchi SE, Bergenstal RM, Buse JB, et al. Management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes, 2015: a patient-centred approach. Update to a position statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the study of diabetes. Diabetologia. 2015;58:429–442. doi:10.1007/s00125-014-3460-0.
  • Kahn SE, Cooper ME, Del Prato S. Pathophysiology and treatment of type 2 diabetes: perspectives on the past, present and future. Lancet. 2014;383:1068–1083. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61612-8.
  • Stratton Irene M, Adler Amanda I, Neil HAW, et al. Association of glycaemia with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 35): prospective observational study. BMJ. 2000;321:405–412.
  • Peyrot M, Rubin RR, Lauritzen T, et al.. Re- sistance to insulin therapy among patients and providers: results of the cross-national Diabetes Attitudes, Wishes, and Needs (DAWN) study. Diabetes Care. 2005;28:2673–2679. doi:10.2337/diacare.28.11.2673.
  • Khunti K, Wolden ML, Thorsted BL, et al. Clinical inertia in people with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study of more than 80,000 people. Diabetes Care. 2013;36:3411–3417. doi:10.2337/dc13-0331.
  • Davies MJ, Kela R, Khunti K. Liraglutide - overview of the preclinical and clinical data and its role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2011;13:207–220. doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2010.01330.x.
  • Armstrong MJ, Gaunt P, Guruprasad P, et al. Liraglutide safety and efficacy in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (LEAN): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 2 study. Lancet. 2016;387:679–690. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00803-X.
  • Baggio L, Drucker J. Biology of incretins. Gastroenterology. 2007;123:2131–2157. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.054.
  • EMA. CHMP summary of positive opinion on xultophy. 2014 Jul 25 [cited 2016 Apr 3]. Available from: http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/medicines/human/medicines/002647/human_med_001802.jsp&mid=WC0b01ac058001d124.
  • Jonassen I, Havelund S, Hoeg-Jensen T, et al. Design of the novel protraction mechanism of insulin degludec, an ultra-long-acting basal insulin. Pharm Res. 2012;29:2104–2114. doi:10.1007/s11095-012-0843-0.
  • Heise T, Nosek L, Bøttcher SG, et al. Ultra- long-acting insulin degludec has a flat and stable glucose- lowering effect in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2012;14:944–950. doi:10.1111/j.1463-1326.2012.01638.x.
  • Vora J, Cariou B, Evans M, et al. Clinical use of insulin degludec. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2015;109:19–31. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2015.04.002.
  • Russel-Jones D, Gall MA, Niemeyer M, et al. Insulin degludec results in lower rates of nocturnal hypoglycaemia and fasting plasma glucose vs insulin glargine: meta-analysis seven clinical trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2015;25:898–905.
  • Zinman B, Philis-Tsimikas A, Cariou B, et al. Insulin degludec vs insulin glargine in insulin-naive patients with type 2 diabetes: a 1-year, randomized, treat-to-target trial (BEGIN Once Long). Diabetes Care. 2012;35:464–2471. doi:10.2337/dc12-1205.
  • Steensgaard DB, Thomsen JK, Olsen HB, et al. The molecular basis for the delayed absorption of the once-daily human GLP-1 analogue, liraglutide. Diabetes. 2008;57(Suppl. 1):A164.
  • Knudsen LB, Nielsen PF, Huusfeldt PO, et al. Potent derivatives of glucagon-like peptide-1 with pharmacokinetic properties suitable for once daily administration. J Med Chem. 2000;43:1664–1669.
  • Scott LJ. Liraglutide: a review of its use in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Drugs. 2014;74(18):2161–2174. doi:10.1007/s40265-014-0321-6.
  • Holst JJ. The physiology of glucagon-like peptide 1. Physiol Rev. 2007;87:1409–1439. doi:10.1152/physrev.00034.2006.
  • Rigato M, Fadini GP. Comparative effectiveness of liraglutide in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2014;7:107–120. doi:10.2147/DMSO.S37644.
  • Seufert J, Gallwitz B. The extra-pancreatic effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists: a focus on the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and central nervous systems. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2014;16:673–688. doi:10.1111/dom.12251.
  • Mathieu C, Rodbard HW, Cariou B, et al. A comparison of adding liraglutide versus a single daily dose of insulin aspart tot insulin degludec in subjects with type 2 diabetes (BEGIN: VICTOZA ADD-ON). Diabetes Obes Metab. 2014;16:636–644. doi:10.1111/dom.12262.
  • Marso SP, Daniels GH, Brown-Frandsen K, et al. Liraglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. Epub 2016 Jun 13. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1603827.
  • Gejl M, Gjedde A, Egefjord L, et al. In Alzheimer’s disease, 6-month treatment with GLP-1 analog prevents decline of brain glucose metabolism: randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Front Aging Neurosci. 2016;8:108. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2016.00108.
  • Wilding JP, Bain SC. Role of incretin based therapies and sodium-glucose co-transoprter-2 inhibitors as adjuncts to insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes, with special reference to IDegLira. Diabet Med. 2016;33:864–876. doi:10.1111/dme.13021.
  • Novo Nordisk A/S, Xultophy® Summary of Products characteristic (SPC). 2014 [cited 2016 Jul 12]. Available from: http://ec.europa.eu/health/documents/community-register/2014/20140918129550/anx_129550_en.pdf.
  • Gough SC, Bode BW, Woo VC, et al. Efficacy and safety of a fixed-ratio combination of insulin degludec and liraglutide (IDegLira) compared with its components given alone: results of a phase 3, open-label, randomised, 26-week, treat-to-target trial in insulin-naive patients with type 2 diabetes. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2014;2(11):885–893. doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70174-3.
  • Buse JB, Vilsbøll T, Thurman J, et al. Contribution of liraglutide in the fixed-ratio combination of insulin degludec and liraglutide (IDegLira). Diabetes Care. 2014 Nov;37(11):2926–2933. doi:10.2337/dc14-0785.
  • Lingvay I, Manghi FP, García-Hernández P, et al. Effect of insulin glargine up-titration vs insulin degludec/liraglutide on glycated hemoglobin levels in patiens with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes: the DUAL V randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2016 Mar 1;315(9):898–907. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.1252.
  • Gough SC, Bode BW, Woo VC, et al. One-year efficacy and safety of a fixed combination of insulin degludec and liraglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes: results of a 26-week extension to a 26-week main trial. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2015;17(10):965–973. doi:10.1111/dom.12498.
  • Linjawi S. Efficacy and safety of IDegLira (Combination of Insulin Degludec + Liraglutide), in insulin-naïve patients with T2D uncontrolled on GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA). Presented at ADA 75th scientific sessions; 2015 Jun 5–9; Boston, MA.
  • Rodbard HW. IDegLira in insulin-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) inadequately controlled on sulfonylureas (SU) alone or in combination with metformin: the DUAL IV study. Presented at ADA 75th scientific sessions; 2015 Jun 5-9; Boston, MA.
  • Kapitza C, Bode B, Ingwersen SH, et al. Preserved pharmacokinetic exposure and distinct glycemic effects of insulin degludec and liraglutide in IDegLira, a fixed-ratio combination therapy. J Clin Pharmacol. 2015;55:1369–1377. doi:10.1002/jcph.549.
  • Robard HW, Buse JB, Woo V, et al. Benefits of combination of insulin degludec and liraglutide (IDegLira) are independent of baseline HbA1c and duration of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2015;18(1):40–48. doi:10.1111/dom.12574.
  • King AB, Philis-Tsimikas A, Langbakke IJ, et al. IDegLira, a combination of insulin degludec and liraglutide, improves both pre-and postprandial plasma glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes [Abstract no. 243-OR]. EASD Annual Meeting; 2014 Sep 15–19; Vienna, Austria.
  • Vilsbøll T, Vora J, Jarlov H, et al. Type 2 diabetes patients reach target glycemic control faster using IDegLira than either insulin degludec or liraglutide given alone. Clin Drug Investig. 2016;36(4):293–303. doi:10.1007/s40261-016-0376-0.
  • Rosenstock J, Diamant M, Arado VR, et al. Efficacy and safety of LixiLan, a titratable fixed-ratio combination of lixisenatide and insulin glargine, versus insulin glargine in type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on metformin monotherapy: the LixiLan proof-of-concept randomized trial. Diabetes Care. Epub 2016 Jun 9. doi:10.2337/dc16-0046.
  • Rosenstock J. Clinical impact of titratable fixed-ratio combination of insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide vs. each component alone in type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on oral agents: lixilan-O trial [Abstract 186-OR] Presented at ADA 76th scientific sessions; 2016 Jun 10-14; New Orleans, LA.
  • Aroda V. Efficacy and safety of the insulin glargine/lixisenatide fixed-ratio combination vs. insulin glargine in patients with T2DM: the lixilan-L trial [Abstract no 238-OR]. Presented at ADA 76th scientific sessions; 2016 Jun 10-14; New Orleans, LA.
  • Meier JJ, Rosenstock J, Hincelin-Méry A, et al. Contrasting effects of lixisenatide and liraglutide on postprandial glycemic control, gastric emptying, and safety parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes on optimized insulin glargine with or without metformin: a randomized, open-label trial. Diabetes Care. 2015;38:1263–1273. doi:10.2337/dc14-1984.
  • Fidler C, Elmelund Christensen T, Gillard S. Hypoglycemia: an overview of fear of hypoglycemiea, quality-of life, and impact on costs. J Med Econ. 2011;14:646–655. doi:10.3111/13696998.2011.610852.
  • Cryer PE. Glycemic goals in diabetes: trade-off between glycemic control and iatrogenic hypoglycemia. Diabetes. 2014;63:2188–2195. doi:10.2337/db14-0059.
  • Umpierrez G, Korytkowski M. Diabetic emergencies – ketoacidose, hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state and hypoglycemia. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2016;12:222–232. doi:10.1038/nrendo.2016.15.
  • Suh S, Kim JH. Glycemic variability: how do we measure it and why is it important? Diabetes Metab J. 2015;39(4):273–282. doi:10.4093/dmj.2015.39.4.273.
  • King AB, Philis-Tsimikas A, Kilpatrick ES, et al. Assessment of glycemic control by CGM in patients with T2D treated with IDegLira [Abstract no. 170-OR]. Presented at ADA 75th scientific sessions; 2015 Jun 5–9; Boston (MA).
  • Nolan CJ, Ruderman NB, Kahn SE, et al. Insulin resistance as a physiological defense against metabolic stress: implications for the management of subsets of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 2015;64:673–686. doi:10.2337/db14-1560.
  • Tella SH, Rendell MS. Glucagon-like polypeptide agonists in type 2 diabetes mellitus: efficacy and tolerability, a balance. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2015;6:109–134. doi:10.1177/2042018815580257.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.