Becoming smart? Pursuit of sustainability in urban policy design

References

• Alfeld, L. E. 1995. “Urban Dynamics: The First Fifty Years.” System Dynamics Review 11 (3): 199–217. doi:10.1002/sdr.4260110303.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beauregard, R. A. 2012. “Planning with Things.” Journal of Planning Education and Research 32 (2): 182–190. doi:10.1177/0739456X11435415.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beauregard, R. A. 2015. Planning Matter. Acting with Things. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Beauregard, R. A. 2018a. Cities in the Urban Age. A Dissent. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
   Google Scholar
• Beauregard, R. A. 2018b. “The Entanglements of Uncertainty.” Journal of Planning Education and Research. doi:10.1177/0739456X18783038.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Berke, P. R. 2002. “Does Sustainable Development Offer a New Direction for Planning? Challenges for the Twenty-First Century.” Journal of Planning Literature 17 (1): 21–36. doi:10.1177/088122017001002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blanco, H., and D. A. Mazmanian. 2014. “The Sustainable City: Introduction and Overview.” In Elgar Companion to Sustainable Cities. Strategies, Methods and Outlook, edited by D. A. Mazmanian and H. Blanco, 1–14. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Brynjolfsson, E., and A. McAfee. 2016. The Second Machine Age. Work, Progress and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies. New York, NY: W.W. Norton.
   Google Scholar
• Carpo, M. 2017. The Second Digital Turn. Design beyond Intelligence. Writing Architecture Series. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Castelnovo, W., and M. Sorrentino. 2018. “Engaging with Complexity in a Public Programme Implementation.” Public Management Review 20 (7): 1013–1031. doi:10.1080/14719037.2017.1364406.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castro, F. G., J. K. Kellison, S. J. Boyd, and A. Kopak. 2010. “A Methodology for Conducting Integrative Mixed Methods Research and Data Analyses.” Journal of Mixed Methods Research 4 (4): 342–360. doi:10.1177/1558689810382916.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Center for Transit-Oriented Development. 2009. “Mixed-income Housing near Transit. Increasing Affordability with Location Efficiency.” TOD 201. Washington, DC: Federal Transit Administration.
   Google Scholar
• Chakrabarti, V. 2013. A Country of Cities. Manifesto for an Urban America. New York, NY: Metropolis.
   Google Scholar
• City of Tampere. “Smart Tampere.” Accessed October 28 2018. https://www.tampere.fi/en/smart-tampere.html
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, S. 2018. The Sustainable City. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Duany, A. 2013. “A General Theory of Sustainable Urbanism.” In Landscape Urbanism and Its Discontents. Dissimulating the Sustainable City, edited by A. Duany and E. Talen, 115–123. Gabriola Island BC: New Society Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Duany, A., and E. Talen, eds. 2013. Landscape Urbanism and Its Discontents. Dissimulating the Sustainable City. Gabriola Island BC: New Society Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Finco, A., and P. Nijkamp. 2001. “Pathways to Urban Sustainability.” Journal of Economic Policy & Planning 3 (4): 289–302. doi:10.1002/jepp.94.
   Google Scholar
• Flyvbjerg, B., N. Bruzelius, and W. Rothengatter. 2003. Megaprojects and Risk. An Anatomy of Ambition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Forrester, J. W. 1970. “Systems Analysis as a Tool for Urban Planning.” IEEE Transactions on Systems Science and Cybernetics 6 (4): 258–265. doi:10.1109/TSSC.1970.300299.
   Google Scholar
• Gardner, G., T. Prugh, and M. Renner. 2016. Can a City Be Sustainable? State of the World. The Worldwatch Institute. Washinton, DC: Island Press.
   Google Scholar
• Giffinger, R., C. Fertner, H. Kramar, R. Kalasek, N. Pichler-Milanović, and E. Meijers. 2007. “Smart Cities.” In Ranking of European Medium-sized Cities. Vienna: Vienna University of Technology.
   Google Scholar
• Graeber, D. 2015. The Utopia of Rules. On Technology, Stupidity and the Secret Joys of Bureaucracy. Brooklyn, NY: Melville House.
   Google Scholar
• Hajer, M. 2014. “On Being Smart about Cities.” In Smart about Cities. Visualising the Challenge for 21st Century Urbanism, edited by M. Hajer and T. Dassen, 9–43. Rotterdam: nai010 publishers/PBL publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Hajer, M., and T. Dassen, eds. 2014. Smart about Cities. Visualising the Challenge for 21st Century Urbanism. Rotterdam: nai010 publishers/PBL publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Hamblyn, R. 2009. Terra. Tales of the Earth. Four Events that Changed the World. London: Macmillan/Picador.
   Google Scholar
• Hoornweg, D. 2016. Cities and Sustainability. A New Approach. Abingdon / New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Hoornweg, D., L. Sugar, and C. L. Trejos Gómez. 2011. “Cities and Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Moving Forward.” Environment and Urbanization 23 (1): 207–227. doi:10.1177/0956247810392270.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobs, J. 1961. The Death and Life of Great American Cities. New York, NY: Vintage.
   Google Scholar
• Johanson, J.-E., and J. Vakkuri. 2017. Governing Hybrid Organisations – Exploring Diversity of Institutional Life. London, New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Kadanoff, L. P. 1971. “From Simulation Model to Public Policy: An Examination of Forrester’s “Urban Dynamics”.” Simulation 16: 261–268. doi:10.1177/003754977101600603.
   Google Scholar
• Karppi, I., and J. Vakkuri. 2019. “Organising Complexity: Creating Boundary Objects for Sustainable Urban Development.” In Leading Change in a Complex World. Transdisciplinary Perspectives, edited by A. Kangas, J. Kujala, A. Heikkinen, A. Lönnqvist, H. Laihonen, and J. Bethwaite, 45–64. Tampere: Tampere University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Katz, B., and J. Wagner. 2014. “The Rise of Innovation Districts: A New Geography of Innovation in America.” Metropolitan Policy Program at Brookings Report. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
   Google Scholar
• Keenan, J., and V. Chakrabarti. 2013. NYC 2040: Housing the Next One Million New Yorkers. New York, NY: CURE, GSAPP Books.
   Google Scholar
• Keenan, J. M. 2014. Adaptive Capacity of Commercial Real Estate Firms to Climate Change in NYC. The Center for Urban Real Estate at Columbia University. GSAPP Books. New York, NY: CURE.
   Google Scholar
• Latour, B. 1994. “Pragmatogonies. A Mythical Account of How Humans and Nonhumans Swap Properties.” American Behavioral Scientist 37 (6): 791–808. doi:10.1177/0002764294037006006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Latour, B. 2014. “Agency at the Time of the Anthropocene.” New Literary History 45: 5–6. doi:10.1353/nlh.2014.0003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lieto, L. 2017. “How Material Objects Become Urban Things?” City 21 (5): 568–579. doi:10.1080/13604813.2017.1374782.
   Google Scholar
• Lyster, C. 2016. Learning from Logistics. How Networks Change Our Cities. Basel: Birkhäuser.
   Google Scholar
• MacKaye, B. 1968. From Geography to Geotechnics, P. T. Bryant, edited by. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mattern, S. 2015. “Mission Control: A History of the Urban Dashboard.” Places Journal, March. doi:10.22269/150309.
   Google Scholar
• McFarlane, C., and O. Söderström. 2017. “On Alternative Smart Cities.” City 21 (3–4): 312–328. doi:10.1080/13604813.2017.1327166.
   Google Scholar
• McPhearson, T., S. T. A. Pickett, N. B. Grimm, J. Niemelä, M. Alberti, T. Elmqvist, C. Weber, D. Haase, J. Breuste, and S. Quershi. 2016. “Advancing Urban Ecology toward a Science of Cities.” BioScience 66 (3): 189–212. doi:10.1093/biosci/biw002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meadowcroft, J. 1999. “Planning for Sustainable Development: What Can Be Learned from the Critics.” In Planning Sustainability, edited by M. Kenny and J. Meadowcroft, 12–38. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Meadowcroft, J. 2007. “Who Is in Charge Here? Governance for Sustainable Development in a Complex World.” Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning 9 (3–4): 299–314. doi:10.1080/15239080701631544.
   Google Scholar
• Medina, E. 2006. “Designing Freedom, Regulating a Nation: Socialist Cybernetics in Allende’s Chile.” Journal of Latin America Studies 38 (3): 571–606. doi:10.1017/S0022216X06001179.
   Google Scholar
• Meijer, A., and M. P. R. Bolivar. 2016. “Governing the Smart City: A Review of the Literature on Smart Urban Governance.” International Review of Administrative Sciences 82 (2): 392–408. doi:10.1177/0020852314564308.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mergel, I. 2018. “Open Innovation in the Public Sector: Drivers and Barriers for the Adoption of Challenge.gov.” Public Management Review 20 (5): 726–745. doi:10.1080/14719037.2017.1320044.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mumford, L. 1949. Kaupunkikulttuuri. Original: The Culture of Cities, 1938. Porvoo: WSOY.
   Google Scholar
• Nam, T., and T. A. Pardo 2011. “Smart City as Urban Innovation: Focusing on Management, Policy and Context”. Paper presented at ICEGOV2011, Tallinn, September 26–28.
   Google Scholar
• Owen, D. 2010. Green Metropolis. Why Living Smaller, Living Closer and Driving Less are the Keys to Sustainability. New York, NY: Penguin/Riverhead Books.
   Google Scholar
• Paans, O., and R. Pasel. 2014. Situational Urbanism. Directing Post-war Urbanity. Berlin: Jovis.
   Google Scholar
• Pelenc, J., and J. Ballet. 2015. “Strong Sustainability, Critical Natural Capital and the Capability Approach.” Ecological Economics 112: 36–44. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2015.02.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Portney, K. E. 2013. Taking Sustainable Cities Seriously. Economic Development, the Environment, and Quality of Life in American Cities. 2nd ed. Cambridge: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ratti, C., and D. Belleri. 2017. “Sense and the City. Towards a New Digital Common.” In Imminent Commons: Urban Questions for the near Future. Seoul Biennale of Architecture and Urbanism, edited by A. Zaera-Polo and H. Pai, 180–191. New York, NY: Actar Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• Ratti, C., and M. Claudel. 2016. The City of Tomorrow: Sensors, Networks, Hackers, and the Future of Urban Life. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Renne, J. L. 2009. “From Transit-adjacent to Transit-oriented Development.” Local Environment 14 (1): 1–15. doi:10.1080/13549830802522376.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Revellino, S., and J. Mouritsen. 2015. “Accounting as an Engine: The Performativity of Calculative Practices and the Dynamics of Innovation.” Management Accounting Research 28: 31–49. doi:10.1016/j.mar.2015.04.005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosati, U., and S. Conti. 2016. “What Is a Smart City Project? an Urban Model or a Corporate Business Plan?” Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences 222 (2016): 968–973. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.05.332.
   Google Scholar
• Rottle, N., and K. Yocom. 2010. “Basics Landscape Architecture 02: Ecological Design.” Lausanne: AVA Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Rumpfhuber, A., M. Klein, and G. Kolmayr. 2012. “Almost All Right: Vienna’s Social Housing Provision.” Architectural Design 112 (04): 88–93. doi:10.1002/ad.1435.
   Google Scholar
• Sorkin, M. 2013. “Rumble in the Urban Jungle. A Recent Book by New Urbanist Authors Revives an Old Battle with Landscape Urbanism.” Architectural Record, August. https://www.architecturalrecord.com/articles/6220-rumble-in-the-urban-jungle?
   Google Scholar
• Speck, J. 2012. The Walkable City. How Downtown Can Save America, One Step at a Time. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
   Google Scholar
• Steiner, F. 2011. “Landscape Ecological Urbanism: Origins and Trajectories.” Landscape and Urban Planning 100: 333–337. doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.01.020.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sterling, B. 2018. “Stop Saying ‘Smart Cities’. Digital Stardust Won’t Magically Make Future Cities More Affordable or Resilient.” The Atlantic, February 12. https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2018/02/stupid-cities/553052/
   Google Scholar
• Stern, I. 2010. “The New York City Watershed: A Community-based Approach.” In Intractable Democracy. Fifty Years of Community-based Planning, edited by A. Venkataraman, 171–176. Programs for Sustainable Planning and Development, School of Architecture. New York, NY: Pratt Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Stern, N. 2010. A Blueprint for A Safer Planet. How We Can Save the World and Create Prosperity. London: Vintage.
   Google Scholar
• Submission by Latvia and the European Commission on behalf of the European Union and its Member States. 2015. Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of the EU and Its Member States. Riga: Latvian Presidency of the Council of the European Union.
   Google Scholar
• Talen, E. 2011. “Sprawl Retrofit: Sustainable Urban Form in Unsustainable Places.” Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 38: 952–978. doi:10.1068/b37048.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Townsend, A. M. 2014. Smart Cities: Big Data, Civic Hackers, and the Quest for a New Utopia. New York, NY: W. W. Norton.
   Google Scholar
• Vakkuri, J. 2010. “Struggling with Ambiguity: Public Managers as Users of NPM-oriented Management Instruments.” Public Administration 88 (4): 999–1024. doi:10.1111/padm.2010.88.issue-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vakkuri, J., I. Karppi, and I. Sankala. 2016. “Päätöksenteon sudenkuopat: julkisen talouden tuloksellisuus ja yhdyskuntarakenteen kestävyys” In Strateginen eheyttäminen kaupunkiseuduilla. Näkökulmia kestävän maankäytön ja julkisen talouden kysymyksiin, edited by S. Puustinen, R. Mäntysalo, and I. Karppi, 45–61. Helsinki: Valtioneuvoston selvitys- ja tutkimustoiminnan julkaisusarja 4/2016.
   Google Scholar
• Van Dooren, W., G. Bouckaert, and J. Halligan. 2015. Performance Management in the Public Sector. Oxford: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Van Dorp, E.-J. 2018. “Trapped in the Hierarchy: The Craft of Dutch City Managers.” Public Management Review 20 (8): 1228–1245. doi:10.1080/14719037.2017.1383783.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanolo, A. 2014. “Smartmentality: The Smart City as Disciplinary Strategy.” Urban Studies 51: 883–898. doi:10.1177/0042098013494427.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vosselman, E. 2014. “The ‘Performativity Thesis’ and Its Critics: Towards a Relational Ontology of Management Accounting.” Accounting and Business Research 44 (2): 181–203. doi:10.1080/00014788.2013.856748.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wartiainen, K. 1995. “Ekologinen kone ja arkkitehtuuri.” In Ekologisen kaupungin juuria etsimässä, edited by K. Lapintie, B. Koskiaho, T. Ikonen, and U. Tiilikainen, 181–207. Helsinki: Gaudeamus.
   Google Scholar
• Zeemering, E. S. 2018. “Sustainability Management, Strategy and Reform in Local Government.” Public Management Review 20 (1): 136–153. doi:10.1080/14719037.2017.1293148.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar