202
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

aMMP-8 point-of-care - diagnostic methods and treatment modalities in periodontitis and peri-implantitis

ORCID Icon, , , , , & show all
Pages 627-637 | Received 19 Apr 2023, Accepted 19 Jul 2023, Published online: 31 Jul 2023

References

  • Al-Majid A, Alassiri S, Rathnayake N, et al. Matrix metalloproteinase-8 as an inflammatory and prevention biomarker in periodontal and peri-implant diseases. Int J Dent [Internet]. 2018;2018:7891323–7891327. doi: 10.1155/2018/7891323
  • Koller A, Anatomy SA. Head and Neck, Oral Gingiva. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2020. PMID: 32809497
  • AlMoharib HS, AlMubarak A, AlRowis R, et al. Oral fluid based biomarkers in periodontal disease: part 1. Saliva. J Int Oral Health. 2014Jul–Aug 6(4). PMID: 25214743; PMCID: PMC4148585.
  • AlRowis R, AlMoharib HS, AlMubarak A, et al. Oral fluid-based biomarkers in periodontal disease - part 2. Gingival crevicular fluid. J Int Oral Health. 2014Sep 6;(5): 126–35. PMID: 25395809; PMCID: PMC4229821 .
  • Buduneli N, Kinane DF. Host-derived diagnostic markers related to soft tissue destruction and bone degradation in periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2011;38:85–105. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01670.x
  • Kinane DF, Darby IB, Said S, et al. Changes in gingival crevicular fluid matrix metalloproteinase-8 levels during periodontal treatment and maintenance. J Periodontal Res. 2003;38(4):400–404. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0765.2003.00663.x
  • Lambert E, Dassé E, Haye B, et al. Timps as multifacial proteins. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2004;49(3):187–198. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2003.09.008
  • Belibasakis GN, Charalampakis G, Bostanci N, et al. Peri-implant infections of oral biofilm etiology. 2015; https://www.zora.uzh.ch/102760
  • Frédéric LJ, Michel B, Selena T. Oral microbes, biofilms and their role in periodontal and peri-implant diseases. Materials. 2018;11(10):1802. doi: 10.3390/ma11101802
  • Mikolai C, Kommerein N, Ingendoh‐Tsakmakidis A, et al. Early host–microbe interaction in a peri‐implant oral mucosa‐biofilm model. Cell Microbiol [Internet]. 2020;22(8):e13209–n/a. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/cmi.13209
  • Buduneli N. Biomarkers in periodontal health and disease: rationale, benefits, and future directions [Internet]. Springer International Publishing; 2019. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-37317-7
  • Jakubovics NS, Goodman SD, Mashburn-Warren L, et al. The dental plaque biofilm matrix. Periodontol 2000. 2021;86(1):32–56. doi: 10.1111/prd.12361
  • Lertpimonchai A, Rattanasiri S, Arj-Ong Vallibhakara S, et al. The association between oral hygiene and periodontitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Dent J. 2017;67(6):332–343. doi: 10.1111/idj.12317
  • Lang NP, Adler R, Joss A, et al. Absence of bleeding on probing an indicator of periodontal stability. J Clin Periodontol [Internet]. 1990;17(10):714–721. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1990.tb01059.x
  • Armitage GC. The complete periodontal examination. Periodontol. 2000;34(1):22–33. 2004. doi: 10.1046/j.0906-6713.2002.003422.x
  • Heitz-Mayfield LJA, Salvi GE. Peri-implant mucositis. J Periodontol (1970) [Internet]. 2018;89:S257–S266. https://search.datacite.org/works/10.1002/jper.16-0488
  • Gul SS, Abdulkareem AA, Sha AM, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of oral fluids biomarker profile to determine the current and future status of periodontal and peri-implant diseases. Diagnostics. 2020;10(10):838. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics10100838
  • Kiili M, Cox SW, Chen HW, et al. Collagenase-2 (MMP-8) and collagenase-3 (MMP-13) in adult periodontitis: molecular forms and levels in gingival crevicular fluid and immunolocalisation in gingival tissue. J Clin Periodontol [Internet]. 2002;29(3):224–232. https://search.datacite.org/works/10.1034/j.1600-051x.2002.290308.x
  • Melguizo-Rodríguez L, Costela-Ruiz VJ, Manzano-Moreno FJ, et al. Salivary biomarkers and their application in the diagnosis and monitoring of the most common oral pathologies. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21(14):21. doi: 10.3390/ijms21145173
  • Rathnayake N, Akerman S, Klinge B, et al. Salivary biomarkers for detection of systemic diseases. PLoS One [Internet]. 2013;8(4):e61356. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23637817
  • Braz-Silva PH, Bergamini ML, Mardegan AP, et al. Inflammatory profile of chronic apical periodontitis: a literature review. Acta Odontol Scand. 2019;77(3):173–180. doi: 10.1080/00016357.2018.1521005
  • Teles RP, Likhari V, Socransky SS, et al. Salivary cytokine levels in subjects with chronic periodontitis and in periodontally healthy individuals: A cross-sectional study. J Periodontal Res. 2009;44(3):411–417. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2008.01119.x
  • Nagase H, Visse R, Murphy G. Structure and function of matrix metalloproteinases and TIMPs. Cardiovasc Res. 2006;69(3):562–573. doi: 10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.12.002
  • Laronha H, Caldeira J. Structure and function of human matrix metalloproteinases. Cells. 2020;9(5):1076. doi: 10.3390/cells9051076
  • Bernasconi L, Ramenzoni LL, Al-Majid A, et al. Elevated matrix metalloproteinase levels in bronchi infected with periodontopathogenic bacteria. PLoS One. 2015;10(12):10. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144461
  • Sorsa T, Tjäderhane L, Konttinen YT, et al. Matrix metalloproteinases: Contribution to pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of periodontal inflammation. Ann Med (Helsinki) [Internet]. 2006;38(5):306–321. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07853890600800103
  • Heikkinen AM, Räisänen IT, Tervahartiala T, et al. Cross‐sectional analysis of risk factors for subclinical periodontitis; active matrix metalloproteinase‐8 as a potential indicator in initial periodontitis in adolescents. J Periodontol [Internet]. 2019;90(5):484–492. doi: 10.1002/JPER.18-0450
  • Lee W, Aitken S, Sodek J, et al. Evidence of a direct relationship between neutrophil collagenase activity and periodontal tissue destruction in vivo: role of active enzyme in human periodontitis. J Periodontal Res [Internet]. 1995;30(1):23–33. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1995.tb01249.x
  • Räisänen I, Sorsa T, van der Schoor G-J, et al. Active matrix metalloproteinase-8 Point-of-Care (PoC)/chairside mouthrinse test vs. bleeding on probing in diagnosing subclinical periodontitis in adolescents. Diagnostics [Internet]. 2019;9(1):34. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics9010034
  • Rautava J, Gürsoy UK, Kullström A, et al. An oral rinse active matrix metalloproteinase-8 point-of-care immunotest may be less accurate in patients with Crohn’s disease. Biomol (Basel, Switzerland) [Internet]. 2020;10:395. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32143418
  • Alassiri S, Pärnänen P, Rathnayake N, et al. The ability of quantitative, specific, and sensitive point-of-care/chair-side oral fluid immunotests for aMMP-8 to detect periodontal and peri-implant diseases. Dis Markers. 2018;2018:1–5. doi: 10.1155/2018/1306396
  • Thierbach R, Maier K, Sorsa T, et al. Peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF) matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 levels in peri-implantitis. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016;10. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2016/16105.7749
  • Pärnänen P, Nawaz A, Sorsa T, et al. The effect of fermented lingonberry juice on candida glabrata intracellular protein expression. Int J Dent [Internet]. 2017;2017:1–6. https://www.airitilibrary.com/Publication/alDetailedMesh?DocID=P20160526004-201712-201810110037-201810110037-1-6-059
  • Pärnänen P, Nikula-Ijäs P, Sorsa T, et al. Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory lingonberry mouthwash — a clinical pilot study in the oral cavity. Microorganisms (Basel) [Internet]. 2019;7(9):331. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7090331
  • Pärnänen P, Lomu S, Räisänen IT, et al. Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory oral effects of fermented lingonberry juice-A one-year prospective human intervention study. Eur J Dent. 2023; doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1759619
  • Pärnänen P, Sorsa T, Tervahartiala T, et al. Isolation, characterization and regulation of moonlighting proteases from Candida glabrata cell wall. Microb Pathog [Internet]. 2020;149:104547. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104547
  • Pärnänen P, Lähteenmäki H, Räisänen I, et al. Lingonberry polyphenols: Potential SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors as nutraceutical tools? Physiol Rep. 2021;9(3): doi: 10.14814/phy2.14741
  • Ek S, Kartimo H, Mattila S, et al. Characterization of phenolic compounds from lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea). J Agric Food Chem [Internet]. 2006;54:9834–9842. doi: 10.1021/jf0623687
  • Heinonen M. Antioxidant activity and antimicrobial effect of berry phenolics – a Finnish perspective. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2007;51(6):684–691. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.200700006
  • Pärnänen P, Lähteenmäki H, Tervahartiala T, et al. Lingonberries—general and oral effects on the microbiome and inflammation. Nutrients. 2021;13(11):3738. doi: 10.3390/nu13113738
  • Lähteenmäki H, Tervahartiala T, Räisänen IT, et al. Active MMP-8 point-of-care (PoC)/chairside enzyme-test as an adjunctive tool for early and real-time diagnosis of peri-implantitis. Clin Exp Dent Res. 2022;8(2):485–496. doi: 10.1002/cre2.537
  • Nikinmaa S, Alapulli H, Auvinen P, et al. Dual-light photodynamic therapy administered daily provides a sustained antibacterial effect on biofilm and prevents Streptococcus mutans adaptation. PLoS One [Internet]. 2020;15(5):e0232775. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232775
  • Bibi T, Khurshid Z, Rehman A, et al. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF): A diagnostic tool for the detection of periodontal health and diseases. Molecules. 2021;26(5):26. doi: 10.3390/molecules26051208
  • Khurshid Z, Mali M, Naseem M, et al. Human gingival crevicular fluids (GCF) proteomics: An overview. Dent J (Basel). 2017;5(1):12. doi: 10.3390/dj5010012
  • Rathnayake N, Gieselmann D, Heikkinen AM, et al. Salivary diagnostics — Point-of-care diagnostics of MMP-8 in dentistry and medicine. Diagnostics. 2017;7(1):7–12. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics7010007
  • Rathnayake N, Anders G, Anna N, et al. Salivary matrix metalloproteinase-8 and -9 and myeloperoxidase in relation to coronary heart and periodontal diseases: A subgroup report from the PAROKRANK study (Periodontitis and its relation to coronary artery disease). PLoS One. 2015;10(7):10. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126370
  • Kaczor-Urbanowicz KE, Martin Carreras-Presas C, Aro K, et al. Saliva diagnostics – Current views and directions. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2017;242(5):459–472. doi: 10.1177/1535370216681550
  • Hajishengallis G, Liang S, Payne MA, et al. Low-abundance biofilm species orchestrates inflammatory periodontal disease through the commensal microbiota and complement. Cell Host Microbe. 2011;10(5):497–506. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2011.10.006
  • Hajishengallis. The inflammophilic character of the periodontitis-associated microbiota. Mol Oral Microbiol. 2014;29(6):248–257. doi: 10.1111/omi.12065
  • Darveau RP. Periodontitis: A polymicrobial disruption of host homeostasis. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2010;8(7):481–490. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro2337
  • Silva N, Abusleme L, Bravo D, et al. Host response mechanisms in periodontal diseases. J Appl Oral Sci. 2015;23(3):329–355. doi: 10.1590/1678-775720140259
  • Gangbar S, Overall CM, McCulloch CAG, et al. Identification of polymorphonuclear leukocyte collagenase and gelatinase activities in mouthrinse samples: Correlation with periodontal disease activity in adult and juvenile periodontitis. J Periodontal Res [Internet]. 1990;25(5):257–267. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.1990.tb00914.x
  • Romanelli R, Mancini S, Laschinger C, et al. Activation of neutrophil collagenase in periodontitis. Infect Immun [Internet]. 1999;67(5):2319–2326. doi: 10.1128/IAI.67.5.2319-2326.1999
  • Leppilahti JM, Ahonen MM, Hernández M, et al. Oral rinse MMP-8 point-of-care immuno test identifies patients with strong periodontal inflammatory burden. Oral Dis. 2011;17(1):115–122. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2010.01716.x
  • Romero-Castro NS, Vázquez-Villamar M, Muñoz-Valle JF, et al. Relationship between TNF-α, MMP-8, and MMP-9 levels in gingival crevicular fluid and the subgingival microbiota in periodontal disease. Odontology. 2020;108(1):25–33. doi: 10.1007/s10266-019-00435-5
  • Fazle K, Najmi Mohamad Anuar N, Baharin B, et al. A mini review on the associations of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) -1, -8, -13 with periodontal disease. 2021;8(1):p. 13–31. http://www.aimspress.com/journal/Molecular
  • Marcaccini AM, Meschiari CA, Zuardi LR, et al. Gingival crevicular fluid levels of MMP-8, MMP-9, TIMP-2, and MPO decrease after periodontal therapy. J Clin Periodontol. 2010;37(2):180–190. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2009.01512.x
  • Sorsa T, Tjäderhane L, Salo T. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in oral diseases. Oral Dis [Internet]. 2004;10(6):311–318. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2004.01038.x
  • Arpino V, Brock M, Gill SE. The role of TIMPs in regulation of extracellular matrix proteolysis. Matrix Biol. 2015;44-46:247–254. doi: 10.1016/j.matbio.2015.03.005
  • Gürsoy UK, Könönen E, Tervahartiala T, et al. Molecular forms and fragments of salivary MMP-8 in relation to periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2018;45(12):1421–1428. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.13024
  • Metzler KD, Goosmann C, Lubojemska A, et al. A myeloperoxidase-containing complex regulates neutrophil elastase release and actin dynamics during NETosis. Cell Rep. 2014;8(3):883–896. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.06.044
  • Nizam N, Gümüş P, Pitkänen J, et al. Serum and salivary matrix metalloproteinases, neutrophil elastase, myeloperoxidase in patients with chronic or aggressive periodontitis. Inflammation. 2014;37(5):1771–1778. doi: 10.1007/s10753-014-9907-0
  • Stříž I, Trebichavský I. Calprotectin – a pleiotropic molecule in acute and chronic inflammation. Physiol Res. 2004;245–253. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.930448
  • Keskin M, Lähteenmäki H, Rathnayake N, et al. Active matrix metalloproteinase-8 and interleukin-6 detect periodontal degeneration caused by radiotherapy of head and neck cancer: a pilot study. Expert Rev Proteomics. 2020;17(10):777–784. doi: 10.1080/14789450.2020.1858056
  • Zhang F, Liu E, Radaic A, et al. Diagnostic potential and future directions of matrix metalloproteinases as biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid of oral and systemic diseases. Int j biol macromol. 2021;188:180–196. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.165
  • Chojnowska S, Baran T, Wilińska I, et al. Human saliva as a diagnostic material. Adv Med Sci. 2018;63(1):185–191. doi: 10.1016/j.advms.2017.11.002
  • Luchian I, Goriuc A, Sandu D, et al. The role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-8, MMP-9, MMP-13) in periodontal and peri-implant pathological processes. Int J Mol Sci [Internet]. 2022;2022(3):1806. doi: 10.3390/ijms23031806
  • Sorsa T, Tervahartiala T, Leppilahti J, et al. Collagenase-2 (MMP-8) as a point-of-care biomarker in periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases. Therapeutic response to non-antimicrobial properties of tetracyclines. Pharmacol Res [Internet]. 2011;63:108–113. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2010.10.005
  • Gursoy UK, Könönen E, Pradhan-Palikhe P, et al. Salivary MMP-8, TIMP-1, and ICTP as markers of advanced periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2010;37(6):487–493. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01563.x
  • Kivelä-Rajamäki M, Maisi P, Srinivas R, et al. Levels and molecular forms of MMP-7 (matrilysin-1) and MMP-8 (collagenase-2) in diseased human peri-implant sulcular fluid. J Periodontal Res. 2003;38(6):583–590. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0765.2003.00688.x
  • Grigoriadis A, Sorsa T, Räisänen I, et al. Prediabetes/Diabetes can be screened at the dental office by a low-cost and fast chair-side/point-of-care aMMP-8 immunotest. Diagnostics [Internet]. 2019;9(4):151. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics9040151
  • Räisänen I, Heikkinen AM, Nwhator S, et al. On the diagnostic discrimination ability of mouthrinse and salivary aMMP-8 point-of-care testing regarding periodontal health and disease. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis [Internet]. 2019;95(4):114871. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2019.114871
  • Ramenzoni LL, Hofer D, Solderer A, et al. Origin of MMP-8 and Lactoferrin levels from gingival crevicular fluid, salivary glands and whole saliva. BMC Oral Health. 2021;21(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s12903-021-01743-5
  • Sorsa T, Hernández M, Leppilahti J, et al. Detection of gingival crevicular fluid MMP-8 levels with different laboratory and chair-side methods. Oral Dis. 2010;16(1):39–45. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2009.01603.x
  • Lähteenmäki H, Umeizudike KAKA, Heikkinen AMAM, et al. aMMP-8 point-of-care/chairside oral fluid technology as a rapid, non-invasive tool for periodontitis and peri-implantitis screening in a medical care setting. Diagnostics [Internet]. 2020;10(8):562. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics10080562
  • Kowalska K. Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis‐idaea l.) fruit as a source of bioactive compounds with health‐promoting effects—a review. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(10):5126. doi: 10.3390/ijms22105126
  • Skrede G, Martinsen BK, Wold AB, et al. Variation in quality parameters between and within 14 Nordic tree fruit and berry species. Acta Agric Scand B Soil Plant Sci. 2012;62(3):193–208. doi: 10.1080/09064710.2011.598543
  • Kylli P, Nohynek L, Puupponen-Pimiä R, et al. Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea) and European Cranberry (Vaccinium microcarpon) proanthocyanidins: Isolation, identification, and bioactivities. J Agric Food Chem [Internet]. 2011;59:3373–3384. doi: 10.1021/jf104621e
  • Tsao R. Chemistry and biochemistry of dietary polyphenols. Nutrients. 2010;2(12):1231–1246. doi: 10.3390/nu2121231
  • Chapple ILC. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in inflammatory diseases. J Clin Periodontol. 1997;24(5):287–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.1997.tb00760.x
  • Lobo V, Patil A, Phatak A, et al. Free radicals, antioxidants and functional foods: Impact on human health. Pharmacogn Rev. 2010;4(8):118. doi: 10.4103/0973-7847.70902
  • Chapple ILC, Matthews JB. The role of reactive oxygen and antioxidant species in periodontal tissue destruction. Periodontol 2000. 2007;43(1):160–232. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.2006.00178.x
  • Brown EM, Nitecki S, Pereira‐Caro G, et al. Comparison of in vivo and in vitro digestion on polyphenol composition in lingonberries: Potential impact on colonic health. BioFactors [Internet]. 2014;40(6):611–623. doi: 10.1002/biof.1173
  • Pärnänen P, Lomu S, Räisänen IT, et al. Effects of fermented lingonberry juice mouthwash on salivary parameters—A one-year prospective human intervention study. Dent J (Basel). 2022;10(4):69. doi: 10.3390/dj10040069
  • Lähteenmäki H, Tervahartiala T, Räisänen IT, et al. Fermented lingonberry juice’s effects on active MMP-8 (aMMP-8), bleeding on probing (BOP), and visible plaque index (VPI) in dental implants—A clinical pilot mouthwash study. Clin Exp Dent Res. 2022;8(6):1322–1330. doi: 10.1002/cre2.638
  • Meisel P, Kocher T. Photodynamic therapy for periodontal diseases: State of the art. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2005;79(2):159–170. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2004.11.023
  • Stájer A, Kajári S, Gajdács M, et al. Utility of photodynamic therapy in dentistry: Current concepts. Dent J (Basel). 2020;8(2):43. doi: 10.3390/dj8020043
  • Warrier A, Mazumder N, Prabhu S, et al. Photodynamic therapy to control microbial biofilms. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2021;33:102090. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102090
  • Sperandio F, Huang Y-Y, Hamblin M. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy to kill gram-negative bacteria. Recent Pat Antiinfect Drug Discov. 2013;8(2):108–120. doi: 10.2174/1574891X113089990012
  • Dörtbudak O, Haas R, Bernhart T, et al. Lethal photosensitization for decontamination of implant surfaces in the treatment of peri-implantitis. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2001;12(2):104–108. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0501.2001.012002104.x
  • Alander JT, Kaartinen I, Laakso A, et al. A review of indocyanine green fluorescent imaging in surgery. Int J Biomed Imaging [Internet]. 2012;2012:1–26. https://search.datacite.org/works/10.1155/2012/940585
  • Konopka G, Goslinski T. Photodynamic therapy in dentistry. J Dent Res [Internet]. 2016;86(8):694–707. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/154405910708600803
  • Sculean A, Deppe H, Miron R, et al. Effectiveness of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of periodontal and peri-implant diseases. Basel (SZ): S. Karger AG; 2020. 133–143. 10.1159/000510189
  • Wang Y, Murray CK, Hamblin MR, et al. Antimicrobial blue light inactivation of pathogenic microbes: State of the art. Drug resistance updates. Drug Resist Updat [Internet]. 2017;33–35:1–22. doi: 10.1016/j.drup.2017.10.002
  • Lähteenmäki H, Pätilä T, Räisänen IT, et al. Repeated home-applied dual-light antibacterial photodynamic therapy can reduce Plaque Burden, Inflammation, and aMMP-8 in peri-implant disease—A pilot study. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022 Internet. [cited 2022 Mar 8] 2022;44(3):1273–1283. https://www.mdpi.com/1532322
  • Alassy H, Parachuru P, Wolff L. Peri-implantitis diagnosis and prognosis using biomarkers in peri-implant crevicular fluid: A narrative review. Diagnostics [Internet]. 2019;9(4):214. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics9040214
  • Buduneli N. 2020. Biomarkers in periodontal health and disease [Internet]. Cham: Springer International Publishing AG; https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/SITE_ID/detail.action?docID=6002544
  • Sorsa T, Gursoy UK, Nwhator S, et al. Analysis of matrix metalloproteinases, especially MMP‐8, in gingival crevicular fluid, mouthrinse and saliva for monitoring periodontal diseases. Periodontol 2000 [Internet]. 2016;70:142–163. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/prd.12101
  • Sorsa T, Alassiri S, Grigoriadis A, et al. Active MMP-8 (aMMP-8) as a grading and staging biomarker in the periodontitis classification. Diagnostics [Internet]. 2020;10(2):61. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics10020061
  • Mancini S, Romanelli R, Laschinger CA, et al. Assessment of a novel screening test for neutrophil collagenase activity in the diagnosis of periodontal diseases. J Periodontol (1970) [Internet]. 1999;70:1292–1302. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1902/jop.1999.70.11.1292
  • Berglundh T, Armitage G, Araujo MG, et al. Peri-implant diseases and conditions: Consensus report of workgroup 4 of the 2017 World Workshop on the classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions. J Clin Periodontol [Internet]. 2018;45:S286–S291. doi: 10.1111/jcpe.12957
  • Tonetti MS, Greenwell H, Kornman KS. Staging and grading of periodontitis: Framework and proposal of a new classification and case definition. J Periodontol (1970) [Internet]. 2018;89:S159–S172. https://search.datacite.org/works/10.1002/jper.18-0006
  • Sorsa T, Bacigalupo J, Könönen M, et al. Host-modulation therapy and chair-side diagnostics in the treatment of peri-implantitis. Biosens (Basel) [Internet]. 2020;10(5):44. doi: 10.3390/bios10050044
  • Herrera D, Berglundh T, Schwarz F, et al. Prevention and treatment of peri-implant diseases—The EFP S3 level clinical practice guideline. J Clin Periodontol [Internet]. 2023;50(S26):4–76. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37271498

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.