Outdoor adventure instructors’ perceptions of nature and their work: a phenomenological study

References

• Berman, M. G., Jonides, J., & Kaplan, S. (2008). The cognitive benefits of interacting with nature. Psychological Science, 19, 1207–1212.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berman, M. G., Kross, E., Krpan, K. M., Askren, M. K., Burson, A., Deldin, P. J., … Jonides, J. (2012). Interacting with nature improves cognition and affect for individuals with depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 140, 300–305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bringslimark, T., Hartig, T., & Patil, G. G. (2007). Psychological benefits of indoor plants in workplaces: Putting experimental results into context. HortScience, 42, 581–587.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chawla, L. (2007). Childhood experiences associated with care for the natural world: A theoretical framework for empirical results. Children Youth and Environments, 17(4), 144–170.
   Google Scholar
• Cheng, J. C-H., & Monroe, M. C. (2012). Connection to nature: children’s affective attitude toward nature. Environment and Behavior, 44, 31-49. doi:10.1177/0013916510385082
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clayton, S. D., & Opotow, S. (Eds.). (2003). Identity and the natural environment: The psychological significance of nature. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Collins, L., and Collins, D. (2012). Conceptualizing the adventure sports coach. Journal of Adventure Education and Outdoor Learning, 12, 81–93.
   Google Scholar
• DeMarrais, K. (2004). Qualitative interview studies: Learning through experience. Foundations for Research: Methods of Inquiry in Education and the Social Sciences, 1, 51–68.
   Google Scholar
• Dijkstra, K., Pieterse, M. E., & Pruyn, A. (2008). Stress-reducing effects of indoor plants in the built healthcare environment: The mediating role of perceived attractiveness. Preventive Medicine, 47, 279–283.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ewert, A., Place, G., & Sibthorp, J. (2005). Early-life outdoor experiences and an individual’s environmental attitudes. Leisure Sciences, 27, 225–239.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jennings, V., Larson, L., & Yun, J. (2016). Advancing sustainability through urban green space: Cultural ecosystem services, equity, and social determinants of health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 13, 1–15.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahn, P. H., Jr. (1997). Developmental psychology and the biophilia hypothesis: Children’s affiliation with nature. Developmental Review, 17, 1–61.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loureiro, A., & Veloso, S. (2014). Outdoor exercise, well-being and connectedness to nature. Psico, 45, 299–304.
   Google Scholar
• Mayer, F. S., & Frantz, C. M. (2004). The connectedness to nature scale: A measure of individuals’ feeling in community with nature. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24, 503–515.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley and Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Miller, D. L. (2007). The seeds of learning: Young children develop important skills through their gardening activities at a Midwestern early education program. Applied Environmental Education and Communication, 6, 49–66.
   Google Scholar
• Mitchell, R., & Popham, F. (2008). Effect of exposure to natural environment on health inequalities: An observational population study. The Lancet, 372, 1655–1660.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Priest, S., & Gass, M. (1997). Effective leadership in adventure programming. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
   Google Scholar
• Schultz, W. (2002). Empathizing with nature: The effects of perspective taking on concern for environmental issues. Journal of Social Issues, 56, 391–406.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sibthorp, J., Collins, R., Rathunde, K., Paisley, K., Schumann, S., Pohja, M., … Baynes, S. (2015). Fostering experiential self-regulation through outdoor adventure education. Journal of Experiential Education, 38, 26–40.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Starks, H., & Brown Trinidad, S. (2007). Choose your method: A comparison of phenomenology, discourse analysis, and grounded theory. Qualitative Health Research, 17, 1372–1380.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, A. F., & Kuo, F. E. (2009). Children with attention deficits concentrate better after walk in the park. Journal of Attention Disorders, 12, 402–409.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ulrich, R. (1984). View through a window may influence recovery. Science, 224, 224–225.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Webber, J., Hinds, J., & Camic, P. M. (2015). The well-being of allotment gardeners: A mixed methodological study. Ecopsychology, 7, 20–28.
   Google Scholar
• Wells, N. M., & Lekies, K. S. (2006). Nature and the life course: Pathways from childhood nature experiences to adult environmentalism. Children Youth and Environments, 16, 1–24.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson, E. O. (1984). Biophilia. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Windhorst, E., & Williams, A. (2015). Growing up, naturally: The mental health legacy of early nature affiliation. Ecopsychology, 7, 115–125.
   Google Scholar
• Windhorst, E., & Williams, A. (2016). “It’s like a different world”: Natural places, post-secondary students, and mental health. Health & Place, 34, 241–250.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, J. W., Howell, R. T., & Iyer, R. (2014). Engagement with natural beauty moderates the positive relation between connectedness with nature and psychological well-being. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 38, 55–63.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, W., Goodale, E., & Chen, J. (2014). How contact with nature affects children’s biophilia, biophobia and conservation attitude in China. Biological Conservation, 177, 109–116.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar