Clinical utility of emerging biomarkers in prostate cancer liquid biopsies

References

• de Bono JS, Logothetis CJ, Molina A, et al. Abiraterone and increased survival in metastatic prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 2011 May 26;364(21):1995–2005. PubMed PMID: 21612468; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3471149. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan CJ, Smith MR, de Bono JS, et al. Abiraterone in metastatic prostate cancer without previous chemotherapy. N Engl J Med. 2013 Jan 10;368(2):138–148. PubMed PMID: 23228172; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3683570. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scher HI, Fizazi K, Saad F, et al. Increased survival with enzalutamide in prostate cancer after chemotherapy. N Engl J Med. 2012 Sep 27;367(13):1187–1197. PubMed PMID: 22894553; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beer TM, Armstrong AJ, Rathkopf DE, et al. Enzalutamide in metastatic prostate cancer before chemotherapy. N Engl J Med. 2014 Jul 31;371(5):424–433. PubMed PMID: 24881730; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4418931. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tannock IF, de Wit R, Berry WR, et al. Docetaxel plus prednisone or mitoxantrone plus prednisone for advanced prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 2004 Oct 7;351(15):1502–1512. PubMed PMID: 15470213; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Bono JS, Oudard S, Ozguroglu M, et al. Prednisone plus cabazitaxel or mitoxantrone for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer progressing after docetaxel treatment: a randomised open-label trial. Lancet. 2010 Oct 2;376(9747):1147–1154. PubMed PMID: 20888992; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker C, Nilsson S, Heinrich D, et al. Alpha emitter radium-223 and survival in metastatic prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 2013 Jul 18;369(3):213–223. PubMed PMID: 23863050; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kantoff PW, Higano CS, Shore ND, et al. Sipuleucel-T immunotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 2010 Jul 29;363(5):411–422. PubMed PMID: 20818862; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mateo J, Carreira S, Sandhu S, et al. DNA-repair defects and olaparib in metastatic prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 2015 Oct 29;373(18):1697–1708. PubMed PMID: 26510020; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5228595. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Bono JS, De Giorgi U, Rodrigues DN, et al. Randomized phase II study evaluating Akt blockade with ipatasertib, in combination with abiraterone, in patients with metastatic prostate cancer with and without PTEN loss. Clin Cancer Res off J Am Assoc Cancer Res. 2019 Feb 1;25(3):928–936. PubMed PMID: 30037818; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hendriks RJ, van Oort IM, Schalken JA. Blood-based and urinary prostate cancer biomarkers: a review and comparison of novel biomarkers for detection and treatment decisions. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2017 Mar;20(1):12–19. . PubMed PMID: 27922627; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marks LS, Fradet Y, Deras IL, et al. PCA3 molecular urine assay for prostate cancer in men undergoing repeat biopsy. Urology. 2007 Mar;69(3):532–535. PubMed PMID: 17382159; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Groskopf J, Aubin SM, Deras IL, et al. APTIMA PCA3 molecular urine test: development of a method to aid in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Clin Chem. 2006 Jun;52(6):1089–1095. PubMed PMID: 16627561; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gittelman MC, Hertzman B, Bailen J, et al. PCA3 molecular urine test as a predictor of repeat prostate biopsy outcome in men with previous negative biopsies: a prospective multicenter clinical study. J Urol. 2013 Jul;190(1):64–69. PubMed PMID: 23416644; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Neste L, Hendriks RJ, Dijkstra S, et al. Detection of high-grade prostate cancer using a urinary molecular biomarker-based risk score. Eur Urol. 2016 Nov;70(5):740–748. PubMed PMID: 27108162; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haese A, Trooskens G, Steyaert S, et al. Multicenter optimization and validation of a 2-gene mRNA urine test for detection of clinically significant prostate cancer prior to initial prostate biopsy. J Urol. 2019 Apr;26:101097ju0000000000000293. PubMed PMID: 31026217; eng.
   Google Scholar
• Leyten GH, Hessels D, Smit FP, et al. Identification of a candidate gene panel for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res off J Am Assoc Cancer Res. 2015 Jul 1;21(13):3061–3070. PubMed PMID: 25788493; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tomlins SA, Day JR, Lonigro RJ, et al. Urine TMPRSS2: eRGPlus PCA3 for individualized prostate cancer risk assessment. Eur Urol. 2016 Jul;70(1):45–53. PubMed PMID: 25985884; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4644724. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salami SS, Schmidt F, Laxman B, et al. Combining urinary detection of TMPRSS2: eRGand PCA3 with serum PSA to predict diagnosis of prostate cancer. Urol Oncol. 2013 Jul;31(5):566–571. PubMed PMID: 21600800; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3210917. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKiernan J, Donovan MJ, O’Neill V, et al. A novel urine exosome gene expression assay to predict high-grade prostate cancer at initial biopsy. JAMA Oncol. 2016 Jul 1;2(7):882–889. PubMed PMID: 27032035; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Latosinska A, Frantzi M, Merseburger AS, et al. Promise and implementation of proteomic prostate cancer biomarkers. Diagnostics (Basel). 2018 Aug 29;8(3). PubMed PMID: 30158500; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6174350. eng. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics8030057
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Scher HI, Morris MJ, Stadler WM, et al. The prostate cancer working group 3 (PCWG3) consensus for trials in castrationresistant prostate cancer (CRPC) [Conference Abstract]. J. Clin Oncol Conf. 2015;33(15 SUPPL. 1)
   Google Scholar
• Heller G, McCormack R, Kheoh T, et al. Circulating tumor cell number as a response measure of prolonged survival for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a comparison with prostate-specific antigen across five randomized phase III clinical trials. J Clin Oncol. 2018 Feb 20;36(6):572–580. PubMed PMID: 29272162; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5815402. eng.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Scher HI, Heller G, Molina A, et al. Circulating tumor cell biomarker panel as an individual-level surrogate for survival in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2015 Apr 20;33(12):1348–1355. PubMed PMID: 25800753; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4397279. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scher HI, Jia X, de Bono JS, et al. Circulating tumour cells as prognostic markers in progressive, castration-resistant prostate cancer: a reanalysis of IMMC38 trial data. Lancet Oncol. 2009 Mar;10(3):233–239. PubMed PMID: 19213602; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2774131. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okegawa T, Itaya N, Hara H, et al. Circulating tumor cells as a biomarker predictive of sensitivity to docetaxel chemotherapy in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. Anticancer Res. 2014 Nov;34(11):6705–6710. PubMed PMID: 25368278; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldkorn A, Ely B, Quinn DI, et al. Circulating tumor cell counts are prognostic of overall survival in SWOG S0421: a phase III trial of docetaxel with or without atrasentan for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2014 Apr 10;32(11):1136–1142. PubMed PMID: 24616308; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3970171. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amato RJ, Melnikova V, Zhang Y, et al. Epithelial cell adhesion molecule-positive circulating tumor cells as predictive biomarker in patients with prostate cancer. Urology. 2013 Jun;81(6):1303–1307. PubMed PMID: 23622774; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Resel Folkersma L, San Jose Manso L, Galante Romo I, et al. Prognostic significance of circulating tumor cell count in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. Urology. 2012 Dec;80(6):1328–1332. PubMed PMID: 23063057; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodman OB Jr., Symanowski JT, Loudyi A, et al. Circulating tumor cells as a predictive biomarker in patients with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2011 Sep;9(1):31–38. PubMed PMID: 21705286; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okegawa T, Nutahara K, Higashihara E. Immunomagnetic quantification of circulating tumor cells as a prognostic factor of androgen deprivation responsiveness in patients with hormone naive metastatic prostate cancer. J Urol. 2008 Oct;180(4):1342–1347. PubMed PMID: 18707699; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakazawa M, Antonarakis ES, Luo J. Androgen receptor splice variants in the era of enzalutamide and abiraterone. Horm Cancer. 2014 Oct;5(5):265–273. . PubMed PMID: 25048254; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4167475. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antonarakis ES, Lu C, Wang H, et al. AR-V7 and resistance to enzalutamide and abiraterone in prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 2014 Sep 11;371(11):1028–1038. PubMed PMID: 25184630; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4201502. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antonarakis ES, Lu C, Luber B, et al. Androgen receptor splice variant 7 and efficacy of taxane chemotherapy in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. JAMA Oncol. 2015 Aug;1(5):582–591. PubMed PMID: 26181238; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4537351. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Onstenk W, Sieuwerts AM, Kraan J, et al. Efficacy of cabazitaxel in castration-resistant prostate cancer is independent of the presence of AR-V7 in circulating tumor cells. Eur Urol. 2015 Dec;68(6):939–945. PubMed PMID: 26188394; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scher HI, Lu D, Schreiber NA, et al. Association of AR-V7 on circulating tumor cells as a treatment-specific biomarker with outcomes and survival in castration-resistant prostate cancer. JAMA Oncol. 2016 Nov 1;2(11):1441–1449. PubMed PMID: 27262168; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5206761. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antonarakis ES, Lu C, Luber B, et al. Clinical significance of androgen receptor splice variant-7 mRNA detection in circulating tumor cells of men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with first- and second-line abiraterone and enzalutamide. J Clin Oncol. 2017 Jul 1;35(19):2149–2156. PubMed PMID: 28384066; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5493048. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernemann C, Schnoeller TJ, Luedeke M, et al. Expression of AR-V7 in circulating tumour cells does not preclude response to next generation androgen deprivation therapy in patients with castration resistant prostate cancer. Eur Urol. 2017 Jan;71(1):1–3. PubMed PMID: 27471164; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu R, Denmeade SR, Luo J. Molecular processes leading to aberrant androgen receptor signaling and castration resistance in prostate cancer. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2010 Sep;5(5):753–764. PubMed PMID: 21318111; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3035007. eng.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heinlein CA, Chang C. Androgen receptor in prostate cancer. Endocr Rev. 2004 Apr;25(2):276–308. . PubMed PMID: 15082523; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Del Re M, Biasco E, Crucitta S, et al. The detection of androgen receptor splice variant 7 in plasma-derived exosomal RNA strongly predicts resistance to hormonal therapy in metastatic prostate cancer patients. Eur Urol. 2017 Apr;71(4):680–687. PubMed PMID: 27733296; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• To SQ, Kwan EM, Fettke HC, et al. Expression of androgen receptor splice variant 7 or 9 in whole blood does not predict response to androgen-axis-targeting agents in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Eur Urol. 2018 Jun;73(6):818–821. PubMed PMID: 29398263; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seitz AK, Thoene S, Bietenbeck A, et al. AR-V7 in peripheral whole blood of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer: association with treatment-specific outcome under abiraterone and enzalutamide. Eur Urol. 2017 Nov;72(5):828–834. PubMed PMID: 28818355; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Todenhofer T, Azad A, Stewart C, et al. AR-V7 transcripts in whole blood RNA of patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer correlate with response to abiraterone acetate. J Urol. 2017 Jan 01;197(1):135–142.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Markowski MC, Silberstein JL, Eshleman JR, et al. Clinical utility of CLIA-grade AR-V7 testing in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. JCO Precis Oncol. 2017;2017. PubMed PMID: 29170762; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5697780. eng. DOI:10.1200/po.17.00127
   Google Scholar
• Armstrong AJ, Halabi S, Luo J, et al. Prospective multicenter validation of androgen receptor splice variant 7 and hormone therapy resistance in high-risk castration-resistant prostate cancer: the PROPHECY study. J Clin Oncol. 2019 Mar;(13):Jco1801731. PubMed PMID: 30865549; eng. DOI:10.1200/jco.18.01731.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tjon-Kon-Fat LA, Lundholm M, Schroder M, et al. Platelets harbor prostate cancer biomarkers and the ability to predict therapeutic response to abiraterone in castration resistant patients. Prostate. 2018 Jan;78(1):48–53. PubMed PMID: 29094381; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gurunathan S, Kang MH, Jeyaraj M, et al. Review of the isolation, characterization, biological function, and multifarious therapeutic approaches of exosomes. Cells. 2019 Apr 3;8(4). PubMed PMID: 30987213. doi: 10.3390/cells8040307.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danila DC, Anand A, Sung CC, et al. TMPRSS2-ERG status in circulating tumor cells as a predictive biomarker of sensitivity in castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with abiraterone acetate. Eur Urol. 2011 Nov;60(5):897–904. PubMed PMID: 21802835; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3185163. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dijkstra S, Leyten GH, Jannink SA, et al. KLK3, PCA3, and TMPRSS2-ERG expression in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell fraction from castration-resistant prostate cancer patients and response to docetaxel treatment. Prostate. 2014 Sep;74(12):1222–1230. PubMed PMID: 25043536; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reig O, Marin-Aguilera M, Carrera G, et al. TMPRSS2-ERG in blood and docetaxel resistance in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Eur Urol. 2016 Nov;70(5):709–713. PubMed PMID: 26948395; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pritchard CC, Cheng HH, Tewari M. MicroRNA profiling: approaches and considerations. Nat Rev Genet. 2012 Apr 18;13(5):358–369. PubMed PMID: 22510765; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4517822. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallo A, Tandon M, Alevizos I, et al. The majority of microRNAs detectable in serum and saliva is concentrated in exosomes. PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e30679. PubMed PMID: 22427800; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3302865. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang Z, Qin YW, Brewer G, et al. MicroRNA degradation and turnover: regulating the regulators. Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA. 2012 Jul–Aug;3(4):593–600. PubMed PMID: 22461385; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3635675.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin HM, Castillo L, Mahon KL, et al. Circulating microRNAs are associated with docetaxel chemotherapy outcome in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Br J Cancer. 2014 May 13;110(10):2462–2471. PubMed PMID: 24714754; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4021524. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin HM, Mahon KL, Spielman C, et al. Phase 2 study of circulating microRNA biomarkers in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Br J Cancer. 2017 Apr 11;116(8):1002–1011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corcoran C, Rani S, O’Driscoll L. miR-34a is an intracellular and exosomal predictive biomarker for response to docetaxel with clinical relevance to prostate cancer progression. Prostate. 2014 Sep;74(13):1320–1334. . PubMed PMID: 25053345; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng HH, Plets M, Li H, et al. Circulating microRNAs and treatment response in the Phase II SWOG S0925 study for patients with new metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. Prostate. 2018 Feb;78(2):121–127. PubMed PMID: 29105802; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5728359. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urabe F, Matsuzaki J, Yamamoto Y, et al. Large-scale circulating microRNA profiling for the liquid biopsy of prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res off J Am Assoc Cancer Res. 2019 Feb 26;25:3016–3025. PubMed PMID: 30808771; eng.
   Google Scholar
• Huang X, Yuan T, Liang M, et al. Exosomal miR-1290 and miR-375 as prognostic markers in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Eur Urol. 2015 Jan;67(1):33–41. PubMed PMID: 25129854; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4252606.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Laere B, van Dam PJ, Whitington T, et al. Comprehensive profiling of the androgen receptor in liquid biopsies from castration-resistant prostate cancer reveals novel intra-ar structural variation and splice variant expression patterns. Eur Urol. 2017 Aug;72(2):192–200. PubMed PMID: 28104311; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bijnsdorp IV, van Royen ME, Verhaegh GW, et al. The Non-Coding Transcriptome of Prostate Cancer: implications for Clinical Practice. Mol Diagn Ther. 2017 Aug;21(4):385–400. PubMed PMID: 28299719; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5511609. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelly BD, Miller N, Sweeney KJ, et al. A circulating microRNA signature as a biomarker for prostate cancer in a high risk group. J Clin Med. 2015 Jul 7;4(7):1369–1379. PubMed PMID: 26239681; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4519795.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao Y, Feng B, Han S, et al. The roles of microRNA-141 in human cancers: from diagnosis to treatment. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2016;38(2):427–448. PubMed PMID: 26828359.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brase JC, Johannes M, Schlomm T, et al. Circulating miRNAs are correlated with tumor progression in prostate cancer. Int J Cancer. 2011;128(3):608–616.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng Q, Peskoe SB, Ribas J, et al. Investigation of miR-21, miR-141, and miR-221 expression levels in prostate adenocarcinoma for associated risk of recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Prostate. 2014 Dec;74(16):1655–1662. PubMed PMID: 25252191; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4205269.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghorbanmehr N, Gharbi S, Korsching E, et al. miR-21-5p, miR-141-3p, and miR-205-5p levels in urine-promising biomarkers for the identification of prostate and bladder cancer. Prostate. 2019 Jan;79(1):88–95. PubMed PMID: 30194772.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porzycki P, Ciszkowicz E, Semik M, et al. Combination of three miRNA (miR-141, miR-21, and miR-375) as potential diagnostic tool for prostate cancer recognition. Int Urol Nephrol. 2018 Sep;50(9):1619–1626. PubMed PMID: 30014459; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6133127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell PS, RKP E, Kroh M, et al. Circulating microRNAs as stable blood-based markers for cancer detection. PNAS. 2008;105:30.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He S, Shi J, Mao J, et al. The expression of miR-375 in prostate cancer: A study based on GEO, TCGA data and bioinformatics analysis. Pathol Res Pract. 2019 Jun;215(6):152375. PubMed PMID: 30879885.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Lieberman R, Pan J, et al. miR-375 induces docetaxel resistance in prostate cancer by targeting SEC23A and YAP1. Mol Cancer. 2016 Nov 10;15(1):70. PubMed PMID: 27832783; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5105253.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Selth LA, Das R, Townley SL, et al. A ZEB1-miR-375-YAP1 pathway regulates epithelial plasticity in prostate cancer. Oncogene. 2017 Jan 5;36(1):24–34. PubMed PMID: 27270433.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bryant RJ, Pawlowski T, Catto JW, et al. Changes in circulating microRNA levels associated with prostate cancer. Br J Cancer. 2012 Feb 14;106(4):768–774. PubMed PMID: 22240788; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3322952.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Helsmoortel H, Everaert C, Lumen N, et al. Detecting long non-coding RNA biomarkers in prostate cancer liquid biopsies: hype or hope? Noncoding RNA Res. 2018 Jun;3(2):64–74. PubMed PMID: 30159441; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6096408. eng.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mohammed AGWV, Jiménez, Erho N, et al. Low PCA3 expression is a marker of poor differentiation in localized prostate tumors: exploratory analysis from 12,076 patients. Oncotarget. 2017;8(31):50804–50813.
   Google Scholar
• Prensner JR, Zhao S, Erho N, et al. RNA biomarkers associated with metastatic progression in prostate cancer: a multi-institutional high-throughput analysis of SChLAP1. Lancet Oncol. 2014;15(13):1469–1480.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ren S, Peng Z, Mao JH, et al. RNA-seq analysis of prostate cancer in the Chinese population identifies recurrent gene fusions, cancer-associated long noncoding RNAs and aberrant alternative splicings. Cell Res. 2012 May;22(5):806–821. PubMed PMID: 22349460; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3343650. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ren S, Wang F, Shen J, et al. Long non-coding RNA metastasis associated in lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 derived miniRNA as a novel plasma-based biomarker for diagnosing prostate cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2013;49(13):2949–2959.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang R, Sun Y, Li L, et al. Preclinical study using malat1 small interfering RNA or androgen receptor splicing variant 7 degradation enhancer ASC-J9((R)) to suppress enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer progression. Eur Urol. 2017 Nov;72(5):835–844. PubMed PMID: 28528814; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5802348. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xue D, Lu H, Xu HY, et al. Long noncoding RNA MALAT1 enhances the docetaxel resistance of prostate cancer cells via miR-145-5p-mediated regulation of AKAP12. J Cell Mol Med. 2018 Jun;22(6):3223–3237. PubMed PMID: 29633510; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5980122. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stroun M, Lederrey JL,C, Olson-Sand A, et al. About the possible origin and mechanism of circulating DNA Apoptosis and active DNA release. Clin Chim Acta. 2001;313:139–142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang CC, Du M, Wang L. Bioinformatics analysis for circulating cell-free DNA in cancer. Cancers (Basel). 2019 Jun 11;11(6):805. . PubMed PMID: 31212602; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6627444.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barbany G, Arthur C, Lieden A, et al. Cell-free tumour DNA testing for early detection of cancer - a potential future tool. J Intern Med. 2019 Aug;286(2):118–136. PubMed PMID: 30861222.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siravegna G, Marsoni S, Siena S, et al. Integrating liquid biopsies into the management of cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2017 Sep;14(9):531–548. PubMed PMID: 28252003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehra N, Dolling D, Sumanasuriya S, et al. Plasma cell-free DNA concentration and outcomes from taxane therapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer from two phase III trials (FIRSTANA and PROSELICA). Eur Urol. 2018 September;74(3):283–291.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kienel A, Porres D, Heidenreich A, et al. cfDNA as a prognostic marker of response to taxane based chemotherapy in patients with prostate cancer. J Urol. 2015 Oct;194(4):966–971. PubMed PMID: 25896555; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wyatt AW, Annala M, Aggarwal R, et al. Concordance of circulating tumor DNA and matched metastatic tissue biopsy in prostate cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2017 Dec 1;109(12). PubMed PMID: 29206995; eng. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djx118.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hahn AW, Stenehjem D, Nussenzveig R, et al. Evolution of the genomic landscape of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in metastatic prostate cancer over treatment and time. Cancer Treat Res Commun. 2019 Feb 6;19:100120. PubMed PMID: 30743187; eng.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kumar A, Coleman I, Morrissey C, et al. Substantial interindividual and limited intraindividual genomic diversity among tumors from men with metastatic prostate cancer. Nat Med. 2016 Apr;22(4):369–378. PubMed PMID: 26928463; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5045679. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conteduca V, Wetterskog D, Sharabiani MTA, et al. Androgen receptor gene status in plasma DNA associates with worse outcome on enzalutamide or abiraterone for castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multi-institution correlative biomarker study. Ann Oncol. 2017 Jul 1;28(7):1508–1516. PubMed PMID: 28472366; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5834043. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romanel A, Gasi Tandefelt D, Conteduca V, et al. Plasma AR and abiraterone-resistant prostate cancer. Sci Transl Med. 2015 Nov 4;7(312):312re10. PubMed PMID: 26537258; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6112410. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carreira S, Romanel A, Goodall J, et al. Tumor clone dynamics in lethal prostate cancer. Sci Transl Med. 2014 Sep 17;6(254):254ra125. PubMed PMID: 25232177; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4422178. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taplin ME, Balk SP. Has the time arrived for biomarker-directed therapy in castration-resistant prostate cancer? JAMA Oncol. 2015 Aug;1(5):577–579. PubMed PMID: 26181796; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen EJ, Sowalsky AG, Gao S, et al. Abiraterone treatment in castration-resistant prostate cancer selects for progesterone responsive mutant androgen receptors. Clin Cancer Res off J Am Assoc Cancer Res. 2015 Mar 15;21(6):1273–1280. PubMed PMID: 25320358; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4359958. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joseph JD, Lu N, Qian J, et al. A clinically relevant androgen receptor mutation confers resistance to second-generation antiandrogens enzalutamide and ARN-509. Cancer Discov. 2013 Sep;3(9):1020–1029. PubMed PMID: 23779130; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wyatt AW, Azad AA, Volik SV, et al. Genomic alterations in cell-free DNA and enzalutamide resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer. JAMA Oncol. 2016 Dec 1;2(12):1598–1606. PubMed PMID: 27148695; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5097690. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salvi S, Casadio V, Conteduca V, et al. Circulating cell-free AR and CYP17A1 copy number variations may associate with outcome of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with abiraterone. Br J Cancer. 2015 May 12;112(10):1717–1724. PubMed PMID: 25897673; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4430717. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azad AA, Volik SV, Wyatt AW, et al. Androgen receptor gene aberrations in circulating cell-free DNA: biomarkers of therapeutic resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res off J Am Assoc Cancer Res. 2015 May 15;21(10):2315–2324. PubMed PMID: 25712683; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salvi S, Casadio V, Conteduca, et al. Copy number variations of AR gene in serum circulating cell-free DNA as biomarker predicting outcome in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with enzalutamide [Conference Abstract]. Tumor Biol. 2015;36(Supplement 1):S46–S47.
   Google Scholar
• Annala M, Vandekerkhove G, Khalaf D, et al. Circulating tumor DNA genomics correlate with resistance to abiraterone and enzalutamide in prostate cancer. Cancer Discov. 2018 Apr;8(4):444–457. PubMed PMID: 29367197; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sumiyoshi T, Mizuno K, Yamasaki T, et al. Clinical utility of androgen receptor gene aberrations in circulating cell-free DNA as a biomarker for treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Sci Rep. 2019;9:1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conteduca V, Jayaram A, Romero-Laorden N, et al. Plasma androgen receptor and docetaxel for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Eur Urol. 2019 Mar;75(3):368–373. PubMed PMID: 30773204; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6377278. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson D, Van Allen EM, Wu YM, et al. Integrative clinical genomics of advanced prostate cancer. Cell. 2015 Jul 16;162(2):454. PubMed PMID: 28843286; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodall J, Mateo J, Yuan W, et al. Circulating Cell-Free DNA to Guide Prostate Cancer Treatment with PARP Inhibition. Cancer Discov. 2017 Sep;7(9):1006–1017. PubMed PMID: 28450425; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6143169. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quigley D, Alumkal JJ, Wyatt AW, et al. Analysis of circulating cell-free DNA identifies multiclonal heterogeneity of BRCA2 reversion mutations associated with resistance to PARP inhibitors. Cancer Discov. 2017 Sep;7(9):999–1005. PubMed PMID: 28450426; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC5581695. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maughan BL, Guedes LB, Boucher K, et al. p53 status in the primary tumor predicts efficacy of subsequent abiraterone and enzalutamide in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2018 Jun;21(2):260–268. PubMed PMID: 29302046; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hussain M, Daignault-Newton S, Twardowski PW, et al. Targeting androgen receptor and DNA repair in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: results from NCI 9012. J Clin Oncol. 2018 Apr 1;36(10):991–999. PubMed PMID: 29261439; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6075827. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Laere B, Oeyen S, Mayrhofer M, et al. TP53 outperforms other androgen receptor biomarkers to predict abiraterone or enzalutamide outcome in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res off J Am Assoc Cancer Res. 2019 Mar 15;25(6):1766–1773. PubMed PMID: 30209161; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC6330086. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carver BS, Chapinski C, Wongvipat J, et al. Reciprocal feedback regulation of PI3K and androgen receptor signaling in PTEN-deficient prostate cancer. Cancer Cell. 2011 May 17;19(5):575–586. PubMed PMID: 21575859; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3142785. eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Bono JS, De Giorgi U, Massard C, et al. PTEN loss as a predictive biomarker for the Akt inhibitor ipatasertib combined with abiraterone acetate in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Ann Oncol. 2016;27(suppl_6). DOI:10.1093/annonc/mdw372.02
   Google Scholar
• Schweizer MT, Gulati R, Beightol M, et al. Clinical determinants for successful circulating tumor DNA analysis in prostate cancer. Prostate. 2019 Mar 13 PubMed PMID: 30865311; eng. DOI:10.1002/pros.23778.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vandekerkhove G, Struss WJ, Annala M, et al. Circulating tumor DNA abundance and potential utility in de novo metastatic prostate cancer. Eur Urol. 2019 Apr;75(4):667–675. PubMed PMID: 30638634; eng.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar