Human factors in general practice – early thoughts on the educational focus for specialty training and beyond

References

• Bowie P, Jeffcott S. Human factors and ergonomics for primary care. Edu. Prim. Care. 2016;27:86–93.10.1080/14739879.2016.1152658
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karsh B-T, Holden RJ, Alper SJ, et al. A human factors engineering paradigm for patient safety: designing to support the performance of the healthcare professional. Qual. Saf. Health Care. 2006;15:i59–65.10.1136/qshc.2005.015974
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carayon P, Wetterneck TB, Rivera-Rodriguez AJ, et al. Human factors systems approach to healthcare quality and patient safety. Appl. Ergon. 2014;45:14–25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carayon P. Human factors in patient safety as an innovation. Appl. Ergon. 2010;41:657–665.10.1016/j.apergo.2009.12.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gurses AP, Ozok AA, Pronovost PJ. Time to accelerate integration of human factors and ergonomics in patient safety. BMJ Qual. Saf. 2012;21:347–351.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson JR. Fundamentals of ergonomics in theory and practice. Appl. Ergon. 2000;31:557–567.10.1016/S0003-6870(00)00034-X
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norris BJ. Systems human factors: how far have we come? BMJ Qual. Saf. 2011;21:713–714.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chadwick L, Jeffcott S. A brief introduction to human factors engineering. Transfusion. 2013;53:1166–1167.10.1111/trf.2013.53.issue-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Quality Board. Human factors in healthcare: a Concordat from the National Quality Board; 2013 [cited 2016 Jan 25]. Available from: http://www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/nqb-hum-fact-concord.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Royal College of General Practitioners Curriculum; 2010 [revised 2013 Aug 14]. Available from: http://www.rcgp.org.uk/gp-training-and-exams/gp-curriculum-overview.aspx.
   Google Scholar
• General Medical Council. Good medical practice; 2013 [cited 2016 March 5]. Available from: http://www.gmc-uk.org/static/documents/content/Good_medical_practice_-_English_0414.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Vicente KJ. Cognitive work analysis: towards safe, productive, and healthy computer-based work. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Beasley JW, Escoto KH, Karsh BT. Human factors and ergonomics in primary care. Chapter 51. In: Carayon P, editor. Handbook of human factors and ergonomics in health care and patient safety. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 2007; 921–935.
   Google Scholar
• Moray N. Mental workload its theory and measurement. New York (NY): Plenum Press; 1979.10.1007/978-1-4757-0884-4
   Google Scholar
• Folkman S. Personal control and stress and coping processes: a theoretical analysis. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 1984;46:839–852.10.1037/0022-3514.46.4.839
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Health and Safety Executive. Validation and development of a method for assessing the risks arising from mental fatigue. Contract Research Report 254/1999. ISBN 0 7176 1728 9; 1999. Available from: http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/crr_pdf/1999/crr99254.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Hutton RJB, Klein G. Expert decision making. Syst. Eng. 1999;2:32–45.10.1002/(ISSN)1520-6858
   Google Scholar
• Kahneman D. Judgement and decision making: a personal view. Psychol. Sci. 1991;2:142–145.10.1111/psci.1991.2.issue-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flin R, O’Connor P, Crichton M. Safety at the sharp end – a guide to non-technical skills. Surrey: Ashgate; 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Ahmed M, Arora S, McKay J, et al. Patient safety skills in primary care: a national survey of GP educators. BMC Family Pract. 2014;15:206. doi:10.1186/s12875-014-0206-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corlett, EN, Clark, TS. The ergonomics of workspaces and machines. A design manual. 2nd ed. London: Taylor & Francis; 1995.
   Google Scholar
• Sevdalis N. Non-technical skills and the future of teamwork in healthcare settings. London: The Health Foundation; 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Carayon P, Hundt AS, Karsh B-T, et al. Work system design for patient safety: the SEIPS model. Qual. Saf. Health Care. 2006;15:i50–8.10.1136/qshc.2005.015842
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russ A, Fairbanks RJ, Karsh BT, et al. The science of human factors: separating fact from fiction. BMJ Qual. Saf. 2013;22:802–808.10.1136/bmjqs-2012-001450
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Wet C, Spence W, Mash B, et al. The development and psychometric evaluation of a safety climate measure for primary care. Qual. Saf. Health Care. 2010;19:578–584.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Scottish Patient Safety Programme in Primary Care [cited 2016 March 1]. Available from: http://www.scottishpatientsafetyprogramme.scot.nhs.uk/programmes/primary-care.
   Google Scholar
• Health and Safety Executive. High reliability organisations – a review of the literature. Health and Safety Executive Research Report RR899. London, UK: Health and Safety Executive; 2011. http://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrpdf/rr899.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Woods DD, Johannesen LJ, Cook RI, et al. Behind Human error: cognitive systems, computers and hindsight. Wright-Patterson Air Force (OH): Crew Systems Ergonomics Information Analysis Centre; 1994.
   Google Scholar
• Dekker S. Failure to adapt or adaptations that fail: contrasting models on procedures and safety. Appl. Ergon. 2003;34:233–238.10.1016/S0003-6870(03)00031-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowie P, Ferguson J, MacLeod M, et al. Participatory design of a preliminary safety checklist for general practice. Br. J. Gen. Pract. 2015;65:e330–e340.10.3399/bjgp15X684865
   Google Scholar
• Hollnagel E, Woods DD, Leveson N. Resilience engineering: concepts and precepts. Aldershot: Ashgate; 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Hollnagel E. The ETTO principle – efficiency: thoroughness trade-off. Surrey: Ashgate; 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Catchpole K. Spreading human factors expertise in healthcare: untangling the knots in people and systems. BMJ Qual. Saf. 2013;22:793–797.10.1136/bmjqs-2013-002036
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Department of Health. Primary and community care Health Building Note 11-01: facilities for primary and community care services; 2009 [cited 2016 Apr 4]. Available from: https://www.england.nhs.uk/mids-east/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2014/07/health-build-pc.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Hignett S, Jones E, Miller D, et al. Human factors & ergonomics and quality improvement science: integrating approaches for safety in healthcare. BMJ Qual. Saf. 2015;24:250–254.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greig PR, Higham H, Vaux E. Lack of standardisation between specialties for human factors content in postgraduate training: an analysis of specialty curricula in the UK. BMJ Qual. Saf. 2015;24:558–560. doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2014-003684
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar