Publication Cover
Culture and Religion
An Interdisciplinary Journal
Volume 23, 2023 - Issue 1
913
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Rolling our eyes towards god: an intervention arising from mormon missionary YouTube activity and the cultural (mis)appropriation of haka

References

  • Aikau, H. 2012. “More than Preserving a Polynesian Paradise.” Arena Journal 37–38:129–152.
  • Airoldi, M., D. Beraldo, and A. Gandini. 2016. “Follow the Algorithm: An Exploratory Investigation of Music on YouTube.” Poetics 57:1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2016.05.001.
  • All Blacks. (2024). “History of haka”. https://www.experienceallblacks.com/insider-information/haka/history-of-haka/.
  • Almostco. (n.d.). “This Indigenous MP Preformed the Haka in New Zealand’s Parliament and Got Ejected.” YouTube video. https://www.youtube.com/shorts/l6w_k4V0LMI?feature=share.
  • AlSadaty, A. 2018. “Historic Houses as Pillars of Memory: Cases from Cairo, Egypt.” Open House International 43 (3): 5–13. https://doi.org/10.1108/OHI-03-2018-B0002.
  • AMBITIONtube. 2016. “LDS Haka.” 29 April, 2016. YouTube Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kDcvjhmeBWI&t=2s.
  • Angitu. 2023. “Te Whare Ai” (Haka: Te Matatini 2023, Auckland) YouTube Video. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RPVq0NlmxDQ.
  • Argetsinger, G. S. 2004. “The Hill Cumorah Pageant: A Historical Perspective.” Journal of Book of Mormon Studies 13 (1–2): 58–69. https://doi.org/10.5406/jbookmormstud.13.1-2.0058.
  • Armstrong, A. 1964. Māori Games and Hakas. Auckland: Reed.
  • Armstrong, R. N., and G. S. Argetsinger. 1989. “The Hill Cumorah Pageant: Religious Pageantry as Suasive Form.” Text and Performance Quarterly 9 (2): 153–164. https://doi.org/10.1080/10462938909365924.
  • Arthurs, J., S. Drakopoulou, and A. Gandini. 2018. “Researching YouTube.” Convergence 24 (1): 3–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856517737222.
  • Assmann, J. 1995. “Collective Memory and Cultural Identity.” New German Critique 65:125–133. https://doi.org/10.2307/488538.
  • Assmann, J. 2011. “Communicative and Cultural Memory.” In Cultural Memories: The Geographical Point of View, edited by P. Meusburger, M. Heffernan, and E. Wunder, 15–27. Dordrecht: Springer.
  • Baca, A. D. (2008). In Laman’s Terms. ( Documentary). Seattle, WA: Self-Published. https://www.cultureunplugged.com/documentary/watch-online/play/1590/in-laman-s-terms-looking-at-lamanite-identity.
  • Bakery Industry Association of New Zealand. (2007).”The Gingerbread Men Haka.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=urA9m7N_liY.
  • Balakrishnan, J., and M. Griffiths. 2017. “Social Media Addiction: What Is the Role of Content in YouTube?” Journal of Behavioral Addictions 6 (3): 364–377. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.6.2017.058.
  • Bartholomew, R. E. 2008. “‘Follow the Prophet’: Eight Principles from 1 and 2 Kings.” Religious Educator: Perspectives on the Restored Gospel 9 (1): 55–68.
  • Beciek, K., and K. Juul. 2008. “We are Here, yet We are Not Here’: The Heritage of Excluded Groups.” In The Ashgate Research Companion to Heritage and Identity, edited by B. Graham and P. Howard, 105–124, Burlington, VT: Ashgate.
  • Belgrave, M. 2014. “The Politics of Maori History in an Age of Protest.” Journal of New Zealand & Pacific Studies 2 (2): 139–156.
  • Bell, J. A. 2013. “Ritualized Theater: The Performing Pilgrim’s Process at the Hill Cumorah Pageant.” In Mormons and American Popular Culture: The Global Influence of an American Phenomenon, edited by J. M. Hunter, 163–181. Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger.
  • Boxer, E. 2009. To Become White and Delightsome: American Indians and Mormon Identity. Doctoral Dissertation: Arizona State University.
  • Boxer, E. 2019. “The Book of Mormon as Mormon Settler Colonialism.” In Essays on American Indian and Mormon History, edited by P. J. Hafen and W. R. Brenden, 3–22, Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah Press.
  • Bradford, K. (2017, June 28). “Cultural Appropriation Is, in Fact, Indefensible.” NPR. https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2017/06/28/533818685/culturalappropriation-is-in-fact-indefensible.
  • Brooks, J. (2012, February 29). “Racist Remarks by Popular BYU Religion Professor Spark Controversy.” Religious Dispatches. https://religiondispatches.org/racist-remarks-by-popular-byu-religion-professor-spark-controversy/.
  • Brooks, J. 2020. Mormonism and White Supremacy: American Religion and the Problem of Racial Innocence. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Burgess, J., and J. Green. 2018. YouTube: Online Video and Participatory Culture. Oxford: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Cairns, E., and M. Roe. 2002. The Role of Memory in Ethnic Conflict. New York, NY: Springer.
  • Calman, R. 2013. “Leisure in Traditional Māori Society - Ngā mahi a Rēhia.” In Te Ara: the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Wellington: Minsitry of Culture and Heritage NZ. https://teara.govt.nz/en/leisure-in-traditional-maori-society-nga-mahi-a-rehia.
  • Colliander, J., M. Dahlén, and E. Modig. 2015. “Twitter for Two: Investigating the Effects of Dialogue with Customers in Social Media.” International Journal of Advertising 34 (2): 181–194. https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2014.996197.
  • Colvin, G. 2015. “Introduction: Theorizing Mormon Race Scholarship.” Journal of Mormon History 41 (3): 11–21. https://doi.org/10.5406/jmormhist.41.3.16.
  • Colvin, G. 2017. “There’s No Such Thing as a Gospel Culture.” Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 50 (4): 157–188.
  • Colvin, G., and J. Brooks, eds. 2018. Decolonizing Mormonism: Approaching a Postcolonial Zion. Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah Press.
  • Confino, A. 1997. “Collective Memory and Cultural History: Problems of Method.” The American Historical Review 102 (5): 1386–1403. https://doi.org/10.2307/2171069.
  • Coombes, B. 2016. “Indigenism, Public Intellectuals, and the Forever Opposed—Or, the Makings of a ‘Hōri Academic’. In Indigenous Pathways into Social Research, edited by, D. Mertens, F. Cram, and B. Chilisa. 71–88. London: Routledge.
  • Deloria, P. 2022. Playing Indian. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  • Dewes, T. (2022, December 22). “A Momentous Year for te Reo Māori.” The Spinoff. https://thespinoff.co.nz/atea/22-12-2022/an-exceptional-year-for-te-reo-maori.
  • Dunstan, A. 2020. “‘Every Nation Who Dwells in the Land’: Latter-Day Saint Internationalisation, Sacralising Spaces, and the Hill Cumorah Pageant.” Culture and Religion 21 (2): 121–138. https://doi.org/10.1080/14755610.2021.1906394.
  • Dyson, L. 1995. “The Return of the Repressed? Lynda Whiteness, Femininity and Colonialism in the Piano.” Screen 36 (3): 267–276.
  • Ebbett, E., and D. Clarke. 2010. “Maori Identification, Alcohol Behaviour and Mental Health: A Review.” International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 8 (2): 214–231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-009-9200-x.
  • Gardiner, W. 2007. Haka: A Living Tradition. Auckland: Hodder Moa.
  • Gill, P., M. Arlitt, Z. Li, and A. Mahanti (2007, October). “YouTube Traffic Characterization: A View from the Edge.” In Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement, San Diego, CA, 15–28.
  • Gillis, R., ed. 1996. Commemorations: The Politics of National Identity. Priceton, NJ: Princeton University.
  • Green, A. 2008. Cultural History. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Griffin, A., and M. Haycock (2015). “Toward ‘Mormon Studies’: Part 2 of 2.” Claremont Mormon Studies (blog). https://mormonstudies.cgu.edu/students/student-writings/toward-mormon-studies-part-2-of-2/.
  • Habibi, M., M. Laroche, and M. Richard. 2016. “Testing an Extended Model of Consumer Behavior in the Context of Social media-Based Brand Communities.” Computers in Human Behavior 62:292–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.079.
  • Halbwachs, M. 1992. On Collective Memory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Halpern, D., and J. Gibbs. 2013. “Social Media as a Catalyst for Online Deliberation? Exploring the Affordances of Facebook and YouTube for Political Expression.” Computers in Human Behavior 29 (3): 1159–1168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.10.008.
  • Harris, A. 2004. Hīkoi: Forty Years of Māori Protest. Wellington: Huia.
  • Hartigan, R. 2011. “Embarrassing Time, Performing Disunity Rugby, the Haka, and Aotearoa-New Zealand in the United Kingdom.” Performance Research 16 (2): 37–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/13528165.2011.578728.
  • Hazelhurst, K.1989. Racial Conflict and Resolution in New Zealand:The Haka Party Incident and It’s Aftermath 1979-1980 (Peace Research Monograph Series #2). Canberra: The Australian National University.
  • Hazlehurst, K. M. 1988. Racial Conflict and Resolution in New Zealand: The Haka Party Incident and It’s Aftermath, 1979–1980. Canberra: Peace Research Centre, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University.
  • Henry, E., and H. Pene. 2001. “Kaupapa Maori: Locating Indigenous Ontology, Epistemology and Methodology in the Academy.” Organization 8 (2): 234–242. https://doi.org/10.1177/1350508401082009.
  • Hernandez, D. 2021. “A Divine Rebellion: Indigenous Sacraments among Global ‘Lamanites’.” Religions 12 (4): 280. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel12040280.
  • He Taua. 1979. “‘The Engineers’ Mistake and Social Repose to the Haka Incident. A Submission to the Human Rights Commission.”
  • Hinnen, J. (2015, October 2). “Arizona to ‘Discontinue’ Pregame Haka Dance after Petition, Criticism.” CBS Sports. https://www.cbssports.com/college-football/news/arizona-to-discontinue-pregame-haka-dance-after-petition-criticism/.
  • Hirst, W., and D. Manier. 2008. “Towards a Psychology of Collective Memory.” Memory 16 (3): 183–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658210701811912.
  • Hokowhitu, B. 2014. “Haka: Colonised Pysicality, Body-Logic, and Embodied Sovereignty.” In Performing Indigeneity: Global Histories and Contemporary Experiences, edited by L. Graham, 273–304, Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.
  • Hōri (slur). (2023, December 1). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hori_(slur).
  • Hoskins, A. 2009. “Digital Network Memory.” In Mediation, Remediation, and the Dynamics of Cultural Memory, edited by A. Eril and A. Rigney, 91–106, Berlin: de Gruyter.
  • Huriwai, T. 2002. “Re-Enculturation: Culturally Congruent Interventions for Mäori with alcohol-And drug-Use-Associated Problems in New Zealand.” Substance Use & Misuse 37 (8–10): 1259–1268. https://doi.org/10.1081/JA-120004183.
  • Hyland, N. 2015. “Beyoncé’s Response (Eh?): Feeling the Ihi of Spontaneous Haka Performance in Aotearoa/New Zealand.” TDR/The Drama Review 59 (1): 67–82. https://doi.org/10.1162/DRAM_a_00429.
  • Jackson, M. 1991. “Māori Access to Justice.” Race Gender Class 1 (1112): 36–41.
  • James, M. R. 1999. “Critical Intercultural Dialogue.” Polity 31 (4): 587–607. https://doi.org/10.2307/3235237.
  • Ka’ai, T. 2008. “Te Ha Whakawairua, Whakatinana I te Mātauranga Māori I Te Whare Wānanga: The Validation of Indigenous Knowldge within the University Academy.” Te Kaharoa 1 (1). https://doi.org/10.24135/tekaharoa.v1i1.133.
  • Ka’ai-Mahuta, R. (2010). “He kupu tuku iho mō tēnei reanga: A Critical Analysis Of Waiata And Haka As Commentaries And Archives Of Māori Political History.” Doctoral dissertation, Auckland University of Technology.
  • Kāretu, T. 1993. Haka: The Dance of a Noble People. Auckland: Reed.
  • Kennedy, B. (2015, May 27). “The Misappropriation of ‘Ka Mate’.” Cultural Survival. https://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/misappropriation-ka-mate.
  • Knudsen, B., and C. Stage. 2013. “Online War Memorials: YouTube as a Democratic Space of Commemoration Exemplified through Video Tributes to Fallen Danish Soldiers.” Memory Studies 6 (4): 418–436. https://doi.org/10.1177/1750698012458309.
  • Lange, P. 2014. Kids on YouTube: Technical Identities and Digital Literacies. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press.
  • LDS Church. (2018). “Follow the Prophet.” https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/new-era/2018/03/follow-the-prophet?lang=eng.
  • LDS Church. (2022). “Follow the Prophet—He Knows the Way.” https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/liahona/2022/09/afw-eng-local-pages/local-news-001?lang=eng.
  • Le Grange, L. 2018. “What Is (Post) Qualitative Research?” South African Journal of Higher Education 32 (5): 1–14.
  • Levey, C. 2016. Fragile Memory, Shifting Impunity: Commemoration and Contestation. Oxford: Peter Lang.
  • Levey, C. 2020. “Archiving the Repertoire, Performing the Archive: Virtual Iterations of Second-Generation Activism in Post-Dictatorship Argentina.” In Social Movements, Cultural Memory and Digital Media, edited by S. Merrill, E. Keightley, and P. Daphi, 199–223, Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Live, M. (2022). “Mormonism LIVE: 072: Neophytes & Lamanites in the Book of Mormon.” https://youtu.be/phBJt09n9A0.
  • Livingstone, S., and J. Sefton-Green. 2016. The Class: Living and Learning in the Digital Age. New York: NY: New York University Press.
  • Malik, K. (2017, June 14). “In Defense of Cultural Appropriation.” New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/14/opinion/in-defense-of-cultural-appropriation.html.
  • Mancall, P. C., P. Robertson, and T. Huriwai. 2000. “Maori and Alcohol: A Reconsidered History.” Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 34 (1): 129–134. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2000.00693.x.
  • Matthews, N. 2004. “The Physicality of Māori Message Transmission— “Ko Te Tinana, He Waka Tuku kōrero”.” Junctures: The Journal for Thematic Dialogue 3:9–18.
  • Mauss, A. 2003. All Abraham’s Children: Changing Mormon Conceptions of Race and Lineage. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
  • McHale, E. E. 1985. “‘ Witnessing for Christ’: The Hill Cumorah Pageant of Palmyra, New York.” Western Folklore 44 (1): 34–40. https://doi.org/10.2307/1499949.
  • Metcalf, J. (2012, May 18). “Native Americans Know that Cultural Misappropriation Is a Land of Darkness.” The Guardian, 18 May 2012. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2012/may/18/native-americans-cultural-misappropriation.
  • Middleton, L. (2020, April 22). “NHS Nurses Accused of ‘Cultural Appropriation’ for Doing Haka to Boost Morale.” Metro UK. https://metro.co.uk/2020/04/22/nhs-nurses-apologise-offensive-ha-12592723/.
  • Mingon, M., and J. Sutton. 2021. “Why Robots Can’t Haka: Skilled Performance and Embodied Knowledge in the Māori Haka.” Synthese 199 (1–2): 4337–4365. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-020-02981-w.
  • Moffat, K., D. Simes, and A. J. Anderson-O’Connor. 2022. “Aotearoa New Zealand.” The Journal of Commonwealth Literature 57 (4): 725–735. https://doi.org/10.1177/00219894221126213.
  • Moreton-Robinson, A. 2015. The White Possessive: Property, Power, and Indigenous Sovereignty. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Morris, M., and E. Anderson. 2015. “Charlie Is so Cool Like: Authenticity, Popularity and Inclusive Masculinity on YouTube.” Sociology 49 (6): 1200–1217. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038038514562852.
  • Mueller, M. 2017. Race and the Making of the Mormon People. Chapel Hill, NC: UNC Press Books.
  • Muriwai, E., T. Huckle, and J. Romeo. 2018. “Māori Attitudes and Behaviours Towards Alcohol.” Wellington: Health Promotion Agency. https://wharetukutuku.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Maori_attitudes_and_behaviours_towards_alcohol_September_2018.pdf.
  • Murphy, T. 2020. “Views from Turtle Island: Settler Colonialism and Indigenous Mormon Entanglements Shepherd, R. G., Shepard, A. G., Cragun, R.”. In The Palgrave Handbook of Global Mormonism, 751–779. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Murphy, T. W. (2003). “Imagining Lamanites: Native Americans and the Book of Mormon.” Doctoral Dissertation, University of Washington.
  • Murphy, T., and A. Baca. 2020. “DNA and the Book of Mormon: Science, Settlers, and Scripture.” In The LDS Gospel Topics Series: A Scholarly Engagement, edited by Matthew L. Harris, Newell G. Bringhurst, and Armand L. Mauss, 69–95. Salt Lake City, UT: Signature Books.
  • Nelson, M., Edited by. 2008. Original Instructions: Indigenous Teachings for a Sustainable Future. Rochester, VT: Simon and Schuster.
  • Newstalk, Z. B. (2022, August, 22). “‘Had Enough’: Newshub Presenter Hits Back at Moko Complaint.” NewstalkZB. https://www.newstalkzb.co.nz/news/entertainment/newshubs-oriini-kaiparas-response-to-viewers-complaint-about-her-offensive-moko-kauae/.
  • Newton, M. 2014. Mormon and Maori. Salt Lake City, UT: Greg Kofford Books.
  • Nippert, M., and A. Rushworth (2010, February 14). “Coke in Rugby Haka Advertisement Blunder.” NZ Hearld. https://www.nzherald.co.nz/kahu/coke-in-rugby-haka-advertisement-blunder/F7WXEUFWTTR5TQJD3XO5BHPF3Y/.
  • Nopera, T. (2017). “Huka can haka: Taonga performing tino rangatiratanga.” Unpublished Doctoral exegesis, University of Waikato.
  • Nute, K. 2019. “Toward a Test of Cultural Misappropriation.” The International Journal of Critical Cultural Studies 17 (2): 67–82.
  • NZPA. (2006, July 6). “Italians Drive Ahead with Car Mate Haka [Video Clip].” NZ Hearld. https://www.nzherald.co.nz/kahu/italians-drive-ahead-with-car-mate-haka-video-clip/SN5FN3YTZDQZAJRP7DLCPKNZNI/.
  • O’Carroll, A. (2009). “Haka and Hula Representations in Tourism.” MA Thesis, Victoria University of Wellington.
  • O’Malley, V., B. Stirling, and W. Penetito, eds 2010. The Treaty of Waitangi Companion: Maori and Pakeha from Tasman to Today. Auckland: Auckland University Press.
  • Østern, T., S. Pernille, K. Jusslin, K. Nødtvedt, M. Pauliina, and I. Bjørkøy. 2023. “A Performative Paradigm for Post-Qualitative Inquiry.” Qualitative Research 23 (2): 272–289. https://doi.org/10.1177/14687941211027444.
  • Palmer, F. (2009, February 9). “Opinion: Who Should Get Their Hands on the Haka?” ODT. https://www.odt.co.nz/sport/other-sport/opinion-who-should-get-their-hands-haka.
  • Papesch, T. 2015. “Creating a modern Māori identity through Kapa Haka.“ PhD Thesis, University of Canterbury. https://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/server/api/core/bitstreams/aa83c269-e8e9-4671-b6d3-8b863c7fd6a7/content.
  • Perrin, A., and M. Anderson, 2019. Share of U.S. adults using social media, including Facebook, is mostly unchanged since 2018, Pew Research Center. United States of America. https://policycommons.net/artifacts/616832/share-of-us/1597525/. on 10 May 2023.
  • Pihama, L. 2010. “Kaupapa Māori Theory: Transforming Theory in Aotearoa.” He Pukenga Korero 9 (2): 5–14.
  • Pipi, K., F. Cram, R. Hawke, S. Hawke, T. Huriwai, T. Mataki, M. Milne, K. Morgan, H. Tuhaka, and C. Tuuta. 2004. “A Research Ethic for Studying Maori and Iwi Provider Success.” Social Policy Journal of New Zealand 23 (3): 141–153.
  • Poata-Smith, E. 2002. “The political economy of Māori protest politics, 1968-1995: a Marxist analysis of the roots of Māori oppression and the politics of resistance.” PhD Thesis, University of Otago.
  • Postigo, H. 2016. “The socio-Technical Architecture of Digital Labor: Converting Play into YouTube Money.” New Media & Society 18 (2): 332–349. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444814541527.
  • Rangiwai, B. 2022. “An Indigenous Analysis of the Bulimia and Haka Montage in Netflix’s the Crown.” Journal of Intercultural Studies 44 (4): 1–17.
  • Ratū, D. R., and P. Poutāpeta. 2019. “Regulation Urgently Needed to Protect Māori from Alcohol Advertising.” New Zealand Medical Journal 132 (1500): 106–106.
  • Rensink, B., and P. J. Hafen, eds. 2019. Essays on American Indian and Mormon History. Salt Lake City, UT: The University of Utah Press.
  • Ritchie, J.1989. “Working in the Maaori World”. In Resource Papers: A Working Paper Series. Hamilton: Centre for Māori Studies.
  • Scafidi, S. 2005. Who Owns Culture?: Appropriation and Authenticity in American Law. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.
  • Simon, H. 2015. “Me Haka I te Haka a Tānerore?: Māori’Post-War’Culture and the Place of Haka in Commemoration at Gallipoli.” Australasian Canadian Studies 32 (1–2): 83–137. https://ro.uow.edu.au/lhapapers/2971/.
  • Simon, H. 2020. “Ngā Whakaaro a Puhiwahine: A Political Philosophy and Theory from the Mōteatea of Puhiwahine.” Pacific Dynamics 4 (1): 61–82.
  • Simon, H. 2021. “You’re Giving Me a Headache: A Political–Cultural Textual Critique of Alt/Far-Right Anti-indigenous Thought on Indigenous Issues in Aotearoa New Zealand.” Sites: A Journal of Social Anthropology and Cultural Studies 17 (2): 97–128.
  • Simon, H. 2022a. “Hoea Te Waka Ki Uta: Critical Kaupapa Māori Research and Mormon Studies Moving Forward.” New Sociology: Journal of Critical Praxis 3 (1): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.25071/2563-3694.97.
  • Simon, H. 2022b. “Mormonism and the White Possessive: Moving Critical Indigenous Studies Theory into the Religious Realm.” Journal for Cultural and Religious Theory 21 (3): 348–382.
  • Simon, H. 2022c. “The Critical Juncture in Aotearoa New Zealand and the Collective Future: Policy Issues in settler/invader Colonial Zombiism Found in ‘Biculturalism’.” International Journal of Critical Indigenous Studies 119–142. https://doi.org/10.5204/ijcis.2329.
  • Simon, H. 2023a. “A Kaupapa Māori Intervention on Apology for LDS Church’s Racism, Zombie Concepts, and Moving Forward.” Anthopological Forum 33 (2): 118–145. https://doi.org/10.1080/00664677.2023.2244184.
  • Simon, H. 2023b. “‘E Pā to Hau’: Philosophy and Theory on Dispossession, Elimination, Grief, Trauma and Settler Colonialism in Aotearoa New Zealand.” Settler Colonial Studies 13 (3): 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/2201473X.2023.2195062.
  • Simon, H. 2023c. “Settler/Invader Identity and Belonging in Aotearoa New Zealand: Critiquing “Tāngata Tiriti” and Moving Toward the Collective Future.” Ethnic Studies Review 46 (3): 95–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2023.46.3.95.
  • Simon, H. 2024a. “Genealogical Violence: Mormon (Mis)Appropriation of Māori Cultural Memory through Falsification of Whakapapa.” Genealogy 2024; 8(1): 1-. https://doi.org/10.3390/genealogy8010012.
  • Simon, H. 2024b. “Toitū Te Mana: A Mediation on Mana Motuhake, The White Possessive, Settler Colonialism, Te Tiriti and The Collective Future of Aotearoa New Zealand.” Doctoral Thesis, Charles Sturt University.
  • Simon, H. forthcoming. Imprisoned, Exploited and Captured: Issues of Indigenous Data Sovereignty and Governance. White Possession, Whakapapa and The Mormon Church.
  • Smith, C. 2015. “Playing Lamanite: Ecstatic Performance of American Indian Roles in Early Mormon Ohio.” Journal of Mormon History 41 (3): 131–166. https://doi.org/10.5406/jmormhist.41.3.131.
  • Smith, C. (2016). “Mormon conquest: Whites and natives in the intermountain West, 1847–1851.” Doctoral dissertation, Claremont Graduate University.
  • Smith, G. (2003). “Kaupapa Māori Theory: Theorizing Indigenous Transformation of Education and Schooling.” Paper presented at AARE/NZARE, Auckland, New Zealand. http://www.aare.edu.au.ezproxy.otago.ac.nz/data/publications/2003/pih03342.pdf.
  • Smith, G. 2012. “Interview: Kaupapa Maori: The Dangers of Domestication.” New Zealand Journal of Educational Studies 47 (2): 10–20.
  • Smith, L. 2015. “Kaupapa Māori Research-Some Kaupapa Māori Principles.” In Kaupapa Rangahau A Reader: A Collection of Readings from the Kaupapa Māori Research Workshop Series, edited by L. Pihama and K. Southey, 46–52. Hamilton: University of Waikato & Te Kotahi Research Institute. https://hdl.handle.net/10289/12026.
  • Smit, R., A. Heinrich, and M. Broersma. 2017. “Witnessing in the New Memory Ecology: Memory Construction of the Syrian Conflict on YouTube.” New Media & Society 19 (2): 289–307. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444815604618.
  • Snickars, P., and P. Vonderau. 2009. The Youtube Reader. Stockholm: National Library of Sweden.
  • Snoops999. (2006). “Missionary Haka.” 22 July 2006, YouTube video. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k71eSLJAXRA.
  • Solesbee, C. (2014). “LDS Missionary Book of Mormon Haka.” April 3, YouTube video. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DON642wFvyw&list=WL&index=56.
  • Sorell, T. 2013. Scientism: Philosophy and the Infatuation with Science. London: Routledge.
  • Springer, D. (2018, September 11). “Resources on What ‘Cultural Appropriation’ Is and Isn’t.” Medium.com. https://medium.com/@DevynSpringer/resources-on-what-culturalappropriation-is-and-isn-t-7c0af483a837.
  • Stack, P. (2017, March 6). “Haka: A Dance of Diversity or Ignorance?” Salt Lake Tribune. https://www.sltrib.com/news/mormon/2017/03/05/haka-a-dance-of-diversity-or-ignorance/.
  • Stewart, G. T. 2021. “Writing as a Māori/Indigenous Method of Inquiry.” In Writing for Publication: Liminal Reflections for Academics, edited by G. T. Stewart, N. Devine, and L. Benade, 41–54. Singapore: Springer.
  • Stout, D., and J. Buddenbaum, eds. 1996. Religion and Mass Media: Audiences and Adaptations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Stuff. 31 January 2009. “Gingerbread Haka Causes Upset.” Stuff. http://www.stuff.co.nz/national/14479/Gingerbread-haka-causes-upset2.
  • Sydney Morning Hearld. (2006, July 4). “NZ upset by use of haka in car TV ad.” Sydney Morning Hearld. https://www.smh.com.au/world/nz-upset-by-use-of-haka-in-car-tv-ad-20060704-gdnvvt.html.
  • Tenney, A. 2018. “White and Delightsome: LDS Church Doctrine and Redemptive Hegemony in Hawai.” Masters diss., Ohio State University.
  • TGI Native & Ngāti Hine. 2010. “Kua Tae Mai Nei Matou.” January. 15. YouTube video. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wjc2KZeQkgk.
  • Trask, H. 1991. “Lovely Hula Lands: Corporate Tourism and the Prostitution of Hawaiian Culture.” Border/Lines 23:22–29.
  • Turner, E. 2018. “One Brotherhood in Aotearoa New Zealand: Protest, Resistance and Pacific Reggae.” Music and Politics 12 (2). https://doi.org/10.3998/mp.9460447.0012.204.
  • Turner, R. 1989. “The Lamanite Mark.” In The Book of Mormon: Second Nephi, the Doctrinal Structure, edited by M. Nyman and C. Tate, 133–157 Provo, UT: Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University.
  • Vernallis, C. 2013. Unruly Media: YouTube, Music Video, and the New Digital Cinema. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Walker, R. 2004. Ka whawhai tonu mātou. Auckland: Penguin.
  • Wilson, D. 2020. “The Haka: Wonderful Bonding, Sending a Challenge in a Global Crisis or Merely Cultural Appropriation?” Journal of Clinical Nursing 29 (19–20): 3588–3590. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15319.
  • Yeoman, S. (2015, October 2). “Arizona Wildcats to Stop pre-Game Haka.” NZ Hearld. https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/arizona-wildcats-to-stop-pre-game-haka/K25OKYS7V3ERLI7PWC76P5Y32I/.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_image.