The need for pertussis vaccination among older adults and high-risk groups: a perspective from advanced economies of the Asia Pacific region

References

• United Nations. Department of economic and social affairs [internet]. world population prospects: 2019. highlights. [ cited 2019 Jul 12]. Available from https://population.un.org/wpp/Publications/Files/WPP2019_10KeyFindings.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Cristea M, Noja GG, Stefea P, et al. The impact of population aging and public health support on EU labor markets. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17:4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. The global strategy and action plan on ageing and health [internet]. [ cited 2020 Jan 08]. Available from http://www.who.int/ageing/global-strategy/en/
   Google Scholar
• Building a resilient immune system: Interview with Prof. Philip calder (part 1) 2 Nov 2016. Kristina Campbell immune health, news watch. Available from https://www.gutmicrobiotaforhealth.com/en/building-resilient-immune-system-interview-prof-philip-calder-part-1/ Accessed 2020 Jan 08)
   Google Scholar
• Building a resilient immune system: Interview with Prof. Philip calder (part 1) 2 Nov 2016. Kristina Campbell immune health, news watch [internet]. [ cited 2020 Jan 08]. Available from https://www.gutmicrobiotaforhealth.com/en/building-resilient-immune-system-interview-prof-philip-calder-part–1/
   Google Scholar
• Onder G, Rezza G, Brusaferro S. Case-fatality rate and characteristics of patients dying in relation to COVID-19 in Italy. JAMA. 2020;323(18):1775–1776.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2020;395(10229):1054–1062.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janko M. Vaccination: a victim of its own success. Virtual Mentor. 2012;14(1):3–4.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lang PO, Aspinall R. Vaccination in the elderly: what can be recommended? Drugs Aging. 2014;31(8):581–599.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doherty TM, Del Giudice G, Maggi S. Adult vaccination as part of a healthy lifestyle: moving from medical intervention to health promotion. Ann Med. 2019;51(2):128–140.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tan L. Adult vaccination: now is the time to realize an unfulfilled potential. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2015;11(9):2158–2166.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cherry JD. Adult pertussis in the pre- and post-vaccine eras: lifelong vaccine-induced immunity? Expert Rev Vaccines. 2014;13(9):1073–1080.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esposito S, Stefanelli P, Fry NK, et al. Pertussis prevention: reasons for resurgence, and differences in the current acellular pertussis vaccines. Front Immunol. 2019;10:1344.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amirthalingam G, Campbell H, Ribeiro S, et al. Sustained effectiveness of the maternal pertussis immunization program in England 3 years following introduction. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;63(suppl 4):S236–S243.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kandeil W, Atanasov P, Avramioti D, et al. The burden of pertussis in older adults: what is the role of vaccination? A systematic literature review. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2019;18(5):439–455.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ga P, Rm J, IG O. Trends affecting the future of vaccine development and delivery: the role of demographics, regulatory science, the anti-vaccine movement, and vaccinomics. Vaccine. 2009;27(25–26):3240–3244.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. The burden of vaccine preventable diseases in Australia. Cat. no. PHE 263. Canberra: AIHW; 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Choe YJ, Choe SA, Cho SI. Trends in infectious disease mortality, south korea, 1983-2015. Emerg Infect Dis. 2018;24(2):320–327.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams WW, Lu PJ, O’Halloran A, et al. Surveillance of vaccination coverage among adult populations -– United States, 2015. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2017;66(11):1–28.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nuffieldtrust. Adult flu vaccination coverage [Internet]. [ cited 2020 Feb 26]. Available from https://www.nuffieldtrust.org.uk/resource/adult-flu-vaccination-coverage
   Google Scholar
• Chang YC, Tung HJ, Hsu SW, et al. Use of seasonal influenza vaccination and its associated factors among elderly people with disabilities in Taiwan: a population-based study. PLoS One. 2016;11(6):e0158075.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun KS, Lam TP, and Kwok KW, et al. Seasonal influenza vaccine uptake among Chinese in Hong Kong: barriers, enablers and vaccination rates. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020:16(11) ;1675–1684.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2011. Adult vaccination survey: summary results. cat. no. PHE 135. Canberra: AIHW; 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Guimaraes LM, Carneiro EL, Carvalho-Costa FA. Increasing incidence of pertussis in Brazil: a retrospective study using surveillance data. BMC Infect Dis. 2015;15:442.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mbayei SA, Faulkner A, Miner C, et al. Severe pertussis infections in the United States, 2011-2015. Clin Infect Dis. 2019;69(2):218–226.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Serres G, Shadmani R, Duval B, et al. Morbidity of pertussis in adolescents and adults. J Infect Dis. 2000;182(1):174–179.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas PF, McIntyre PB, Jalaludin BB. Survey of pertussis morbidity in adults in western Sydney. Med J Aust. 2000;173(2):74–76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee GM, Lett S, Schauer S, et al. Societal costs and morbidity of pertussis in adolescents and adults. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39(11):1572–1580.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kilgore PE, Salim AM, Zervos MJ, et al. Pertussis: microbiology, disease, treatment, and prevention. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2016;29(3):449–486.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kretsinger K, Broder KR, Cortese MM. et al. Preventing tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis among adults: use of tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) and recommendation of ACIP, supported by the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC), for use of Tdap among health-care personnel. MMWR Recommendations and Reports: morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Recommendations and Reports/Centers for Disease Control. 2006;55( RR-17):1–37.
   Google Scholar
• Karki S, McIntyre P, Newall AT, et al. Risk factors for pertussis hospitalizations in Australians aged 45 years and over: a population based nested case-control study. Vaccine. 2015;33(42):5647–5653.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu BC, McIntyre P, Kaldor JM, et al. Pertussis in older adults: prospective study of risk factors and morbidity. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;55(11):1450–1456.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rothstein E, Edwards K. Health burden of pertussis in adolescents and adults. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2005;24(5 Suppl):S44–47.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mertens PLJM, Borsboom GJJM, Richardus JH. A pertussis outbreak associated with social isolation among elderly nuns in a convent. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;44(2):266–268.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capili CR, Hettinger A, Rigelman-Hedberg N, et al. Increased risk of pertussis in patients with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;129(4):957–963.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buck PO, Meyers JL, Gordon LD, et al. Economic burden of diagnosed pertussis among individuals with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the USA: an analysis of administrative claims. Epidemiol Infect. 2017;145(10):2109–2121.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkins VA, Savic M, and Kandeil W. Pertussis in high-risk groups: an overview of the past quarter-century. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020;16(9):;2609–2617.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonhoeffer J, Bar G, Riffelmann M, et al. The role of Bordetella infections in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. Infection. 2005;33(1):13–17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ridda I, Heywood AE, Hueston L, et al. The burden of pertussis in patients with and without recurrent ischaemic vascular events. Infect Disord Drug Targets. 2014;14(2):101–109.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bisgard KM, Pascual FB, Ehresmann KR, et al. Infant pertussis: who was the source? Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004;23(11):985–989.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rowe SL, Tay EL, Franklin LJ, et al. Effectiveness of parental cocooning as a vaccination strategy to prevent pertussis infection in infants: a case-control study. Vaccine. 2018;36(15):2012–2019.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forsyth K, Plotkin S, Tan T. Wirsing von König CH. Strategies to decrease pertussis transmission to infants. Pediatrics. 2015;135(6):e1475–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Pregnancy and whooping cough. Surround babies with protection. 2017. [Internet]. [ cited 2021 May 6]. Available from https://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/pregnant/mom/protection.html.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. WHO SAGE pertussis working group. Background paper. 2014. [Internet]. [ cited 2021 May 22]. Available from https://www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2014/april/1_Pertussis_background_FINAL4_web.pdf?ua=1.
   Google Scholar
• Cherry JD, Tan T, Wirsing von König CH, et al. Clinical definitions of pertussis: summary of a global pertussis initiative roundtable meeting, February 2011. Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Jun;54(12):1756–1764.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Pertussis (whooping cough). Diagnosis confirmation. [Internet]. [ cited 2021 May 5]. Available from https://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/clinical/diagnostic-testing/diagnosis-confirmation.html.
   Google Scholar
• Thisyakorn U, Tantawichien T, Thisyakorn C, et al. Pertussis in the association of Southeast Asian Nations: epidemiology and challenges. Int J Infect Dis. 2019 Oct;87:75–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Australian Government. Department of health, national notifiable disease surveillance system [internet]. [ cited 2019 Jun 24]. Available from http://www9.health.gov.au/cda/source/rpt_5_sel.cfm.
   Google Scholar
• The Institute of Environmental Science and Research - Public Health Surveillance. annual surveillance summary [Internet]. [ cited 2019 Oct 22]. Available from https://surv.esr.cri.nz/surveillance/annual_surveillance.php
   Google Scholar
• The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region – Department of Health - Centre for Health Protection. Statistics on communicable diseases [internet]. [ cited 2019 Jun 14]. Available from https://www.chp.gov.hk/en/static/24012.html.
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Health Singapore. Communicable disease surveillance in Singapore [internet]. [ cited 2019 Jun 14]. Available from https://www.moh.gov.sg/resources-statistics.
   Google Scholar
• South Korean Ministry of Welfare and Health - Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. Infectious disease portal [internet]. [ cited 2019 Jun 14]. Available from http://www.cdc.go.kr/npt/biz/npp/ist/bass/bassSexdstnAgeStatsMain.do
   Google Scholar
• Taiwan Centers for Disease Control. Taiwan national infectious disease statistics system [internet]. [ cited 2019 Dec 11]. Available from https://nidss.cdc.gov.tw/en/SingleDisease.aspx?dc=1&dt=3&disease=033
   Google Scholar
• Taiwan Centers for Disease Control. Disease surveillance express [internet]. [ cited 2020 Jan 06]. Available from https://www.cdc.gov.tw/En/Category/MPage/3AqyaZ-ycOjQyRx3LoC8vw
   Google Scholar
• Australian Government Department of Health. Pertussis case definition [Internet]. [ cited 2021 Jun 18]. Available from https://www1.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/cda-surveil-nndss-casedefs-cd_pertus.htm.
   Google Scholar
• Institute of Environmental Science and Research. New Zealand. pertussis [internet]. [ cited 2021 Jun 18]. Available from https://surv.esr.cri.nz/episurv/CaseReportForms/Pertussis-Dec2017.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• National Centre for Infectious Diseases. Pertussis [Internet]. [ cited 2021 Jun 18]. Available from https://www.ncid.sg/Health-Professionals/Diseases-and-Conditions/Pages/Pertussis.aspx.
   Google Scholar
• Centre for Health Protection. Communicable disease surveillance case definitions [Internet]. [ cited 2021 Jun 18]. Available from https://cdis.chp.gov.hk/CDIS_DINS_ONLINE/document/previewPDF?id=3639967.
   Google Scholar
• Taiwan Centers for Disease Control. Pertussis [Internet]. [ cited 2021 Jun 18]. Available from https://www.cdc.gov.tw/File/Get/hXlOZtreRs3dNqSHcgjomg. Accessed 2021 Jun 18
   Google Scholar
• Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Pertussis integrated management guidelines [Internet]. [ cited 2021 Jun 22]. Available from https://www.google.be/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwiRgaDK7KrxAhWUA2MBHWmCASkQFjAAegQIBRAD&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.busancidc.or.kr%2Fboard%2FdownFileD.do%3Fno%3D24%26view%3Dview%26idx%3D254&usg=AOvVaw3_q4MbUe5B-hqThtWl1YbF.
   Google Scholar
• Pillsbury A, Quinn HE, McIntyre PB. Australian vaccine preventable disease epidemiological review series: pertussis, 2006-2012. Commun Dis Intell Q Rep. 2014;38(3):E179–194.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cagney M, MacIntyre CR, McIntyre P, et al. The seroepidemiology of pertussis in Australia during an epidemic period. Epidemiol Infect. 2006;134(6):1208–1216.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wong K. An update on infectious diseases in hong kong. 16th annual scientific meeting. Stanley Ho centre for emerging infectious diseases, CUHK 11 June 2019 [Internet]. [ cited 2020 Aug 17]. Available from http://www.cuhk.edu.hk/med/ceid/images/asm/16_asm/Dr%20KH%20WONG.pd
   Google Scholar
• Spokes PJ, Quinn HE, and McAnulty JM. Review of the 2008-2009 pertussis epidemic in NSW: notifications and hospitalisations N S W Public Health Bull . New South Wales public health bulletin. 2010;21(7–8):167–173.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Siu P, Cheung E. Pregnant Hongkongers urged to get whooping cough vaccine as number of cases in city almost doubles leaving some infants in intensive care. South China Morning Post 9 Jan 2019 [Internet]. [ cited 2020 Feb 24]. Available from. https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/health-environment/article/2181416/pregnant-hongkongers-urged-get-whooping-coughaccessed
   Google Scholar
• Hong Kong Center for Health Protection. Scientific Committee on Vaccine Preventable Disease. Scientific committee on vaccine preventable diseases consensus recommendations on pertussis vaccination for pregnant women in hong kong. [ cited 2020 Jun 16]. Available from https://www.chp.gov.hk/files/pdf/recommendations_on_pertussis_vaccination_for_pregnant_women_in_hk_formatted.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Goh A, Chong CY, Tee N, et al. Pertussis–an under-diagnosed disease with high morbidity in Singapore children. Vaccine. 2011;29(13):2503–2507.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ministry of Health, Singapore. Communicable diseases surveillance in Singapore, 2007 [Internet]. [ cited 2020 Feb 21]. Available from https://www.moh.gov.sg/resources-statistics/reports/communicable-diseases-surveillance-in-singapore-2007.
   Google Scholar
• Wilder-Smith A, Ng S, Earnest A. Seroepidemiology of pertussis in the adult population of Singapore. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2006;35(11):780–782.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kowalzik F, Barbosa AP, Fernandes VR, et al. Prospective multinational study of pertussis infection in hospitalized infants and their household contacts. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2007;26(3):238–242.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choe YJ, Kim JW, Park YJ, et al. Burden of pertussis is underestimated in South Korea: a result from an active sentinel surveillance system. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2014;67(3):230–232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee SY, Han SB, Kang JH, et al. Pertussis prevalence in Korean adolescents and adults with persistent cough. J Korean Med Sci. 2015;30(7):988–990.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park S, Lee MG, and Lee KH, et al. A multicenter study of pertussis infection in adults with coughing in Korea: PCR-based study Tuberc Respir Dis . . 2012;73(5): 266–272
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kwon HJ, Yum SK, Choi UY, et al. Infant pertussis and household transmission in Korea. J Korean Med Sci. 2012;27(12):1547–1551.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park S, Lee SH, Seo KH, et al. Epidemiological aspects of pertussis among adults and adolescents in a Korean outpatient setting: a multicenter, PCR-based study. J Korean Med Sci. 2014;29(9):1232–1239.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Son S, Thamlikitkul V, Chokephaibulkit K, et al. Prospective multinational serosurveillance study of Bordetella pertussis infection among 10- to 18-year-old Asian children and adolescents. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2019;25(2):250e251–250 e257.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee SY, Han SB, Bae EY, et al. Pertussis seroprevalence in Korean adolescents and adults using anti-pertussis toxin immunoglobulin G. J Korean Med Sci. 2014;29(5):652–656.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi WS, Kim SH, Park DW. Seroprevalence of pertussis in healthcare workers without adult pertussis vaccine use at a university hospital in Korea. J Korean Med Sci. 2018;33(50):e321.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee S, Choi U, Kim J, et al. Immunoassay of pertussis according to ages. Korean J Pediatr infect Dis. 2021;19(2): 55–60
   Google Scholar
• Chang IF, Lee PI, Lu CY, et al. Resurgence of pertussis in Taiwan during 2009-2015 and its impact on infants. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2019;52(4):542–548.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lin YC, Yao SM, Yan JJ, et al. Epidemiological shift in the prevalence of pertussis in Taiwan: implications for pertussis vaccination. J Med Microbiol. 2007;56(Pt 4):533–537.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu JJ, Lu CY, Chang LY, et al. Survey of pertussis in patients with prolonged cough. Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi. 2006;39(1): 54–58
   Google Scholar
• Koh MT, Liu CS, Chiu CH, et al. Under-recognized pertussis in adults from Asian countries: a cross-sectional seroprevalence study in Malaysia, Taiwan and Thailand. Epidemiol Infect. 2016;144(6):1192–1200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pertussis vaccines: WHO position paper - September. 2015. Week Epidemiol Rec 2015; 90(35): 433–458
   Google Scholar
• Australian Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation (ATAGI). Australian Immunisation Handbook, Australian Government Department of Health, Canberra, 2018.[Internet]. [ cited 2020 Feb 24]. Available from https://immunisationhandbook.health.gov.au/
   Google Scholar
• Kingdom of Bahrain Ministry of Health. Immunizations. [Internet]. [ cited 2020 Jun 25]. Available from https://www.moh.gov.bh/HealthInfo/Immunizations?lang=en
   Google Scholar
• European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. ECDC Vaccine schedules in all countries of the European Union. [Internet]. [ cited 2020 Jun 25]. Available from https://vaccine-schedule.ecdc.europa.eu/
   Google Scholar
• Havers FP, Moro PL, Hunter P, et al. Use of tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccines: updated recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices - United States, 2019. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020;69(3):77–83.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• New Zealand Immunisation Advisory Centre. [Internet]. [cited 2020 Jun 25]. Available from https://www.immune.org.nz/hot-topic/pharmac-announces-immunisation-schedule-1-july-2020.
   Google Scholar
• Global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2021 report). [Internet]. [cited 2021 Jan 25]. Available from https://goldcopd.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/GOLD-REPORT-2021-v1.1-25Nov20_WMV.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Recommended immunization schedule for adults in Korea, by the Korean society of infectious diseases, 2012. Clin Exp Vaccine Res. 2014;3(1):110–112.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Singapore Ministry of Health. 21 Oct 2017 Annex A. summary of national adult immunisation schedule (NAIS) iinternetinternet]. [ cited 2020 Feb 21]. Available from https://www.moh.gov.sg/news-highlights/details/moh-establishes-national-adult-immunisation-schedule-extends-use-of-medisave-for-vaccines-under-the-schedule
   Google Scholar
• Taiwan Centers for Disease Control. Recommended schedule for adult vaccination. [Internet]. [ cited 2020 Aug 17]. Available from https://www.cdc.gov.tw/File/Get/KaYmM41oLshy3-WfBrUTsQ.
   Google Scholar
• Clarke M, Thomas N, Giles L, et al. Community awareness and predictors of uptake of pertussis booster vaccine in South Australian adults. Vaccine. 2015;33(51):7337–7343.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ridda I, Gao Z, Macintyre CR. Attitudes, knowledge and perceptions towards whooping cough and pertussis vaccine in hospitalized adults. Vaccine. 2014;32(9):1107–1112.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayliss J, Randhawa R, and Oh KB, et al. Perceptions of vaccine preventable diseases in Australian healthcare: focus on pertussis. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020;17(2): ;344–350.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brunton C, Weir R, Jennings L, et al. Knowledge and attitudes about influenza vaccination amongst general practitioners, practice nurses, and people aged 65 and over. N Z Med J. 2004;118(1214):U1434.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tan EK, Lim LH, Teoh YL, et al. Influenza and seasonal influenza vaccination among diabetics in Singapore: knowledge, attitudes and practices. Singapore Med J. 2010;51(8):623–630.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teo LM, Smith HE, Lwin MO, et al. Attitudes and perception of influenza vaccines among older people in Singapore: a qualitative study. Vaccine. 2019;37(44):6665–6672.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kee SY, Lee JS, Cheong HJ, et al. Influenza vaccine coverage rates and perceptions on vaccination in South Korea. J Infect. 2007;55(3):273–281.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park B, Choi EJ, Park B, et al. Factors influencing vaccination in Korea: findings from focus group interviews. J Prev Med Public Health. 2018;51(4):173–180.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heo JY, Chang SH, Go MJ, et al. Risk perception, preventive behaviors, and vaccination coverage in the Korean population during the 2009-2010 pandemic influenza A (H1N1): comparison between high-risk group and non-high-risk group. PLoS One. 2013;8(5):e64230.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siu JY. Perceptions of Seasonal Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccines Among Older Chinese Adults. Gerontologist.2018;61(3):439–448 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Troeger C, Blacker B, Khalil IA, GBD 2016. Lower Respiratory Infections Collaborators.Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of lower respiratory infections in 195 countries, 1990-20161990–2016: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2016. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018;18(11):1191–1210.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ridda I, YinJK JK, King C, et al. The importance of pertussis in older adults: a growing case for reviewing vaccination strategy in the elderly. Vaccine. 2012;30(48):6745–6752.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oh SC, Park SM, and Hur J, et al. Effectiveness of rapid multiplex polymerase chain reaction for early diagnosis and treatment of pertussis. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2020;54(4):687–692 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Parcina M, Schneider UV, Visseaux B, et al. Multicenter evaluation of the QIAstat Respiratory Panel-APanel—A new rapid highly multiplexed PCR based assay for diagnosis of acute respiratory tract infections. PLoS One. 2020;15(3):e0230183.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2018 [Internet]. Tetanus in Australia. [ cited 2020 Feb 28]. Available from https://www.aihw.gov.au/getmedia/f877a2da-23e3-4516-948f-df05ca7ceb43/aihw-phe-236_Tetanus.pdf.aspx
   Google Scholar
• Lee S, Kim J, Ahn J, et al. Immunoassay of Diphtheria and Tetanus according to Ages Infect Chemother. 2012;44(2):62–66.
   Google Scholar
• Hashemi SH, Nadi E, Hajilooi M, et al. High seroprevalence of bordetella pertussis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a case-control study. Tanaffos. 2015;14(3):172–176.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Blasi F, Bonanni P, Braido F, et al. The unmet need for pertussis prevention in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the Italian context. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2020;16(2):340–348.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buchy P, Badur S. Who and when to vaccinate against influenza. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;93:375–387.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ATAGI. Australian Technical. Advisory Group on Immunisation (ATAGI). Australian Immunisation Handbook. Canberra: Australian Government Department of Health; 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Bach AT, Kang AY, Lewis J, et al. Addressing common barriers in adult immunizations: a review of interventions. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2019;18(11):1167–1185.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar