References
- Agresta, C. E., Peacock, J., Housner, J., Zernicke, R. F., & Zendler, J. D. (2018). Experience does not influence injury-related joint kinematics and kinetics in distance runners. Gait & Posture, 61, 13–18. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.12.020
- Baida, S. R., Gore, S. J., Franklyn-Miller, A. D., & Moran, K. A. (2018). Does the amount of lower extremity movement variability differ between injured and uninjured populations? A systematic review. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 28, 1320–1338. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13036
- Boyer, K. A., Freedman Silvernail, J., & Hamill, J. (2014). The role of running mileage on coordination patterns in running. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 30, 649–654. doi:https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.2013-0261
- Brown, A. M., Zifchock, R. A., & Hillstrom, H. J. (2014). The effects of limb dominance and fatigue on running biomechanics. Gait & Posture, 39, 915–919. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.12.007
- Chambers, C., & Goode, B. (1996). Variability in gait measurements across multiple sites. Gait & Posture, 4, 167. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/0966-6362(96)80573-X
- Clermont, C. A., Osis, S. T., Phinyomark, A., & Ferber, R. (2017). Kinematic gait patterns in competitive and recreational runners. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 33, 268–276. doi:https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.2016-0218
- Cole, G. K., Nigg, B. M., Ronsky, J. L., & Yeadon, M. R. (1993). Application of the joint coordinate system to three-dimensional joint attitude and movement representation: A standardization proposal. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 115, 344–349. doi:https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2895496
- Connick, M. J., & Li, F. X. (2015). Prolonged cycling alters stride time variability and kinematics of a post-cycle transition run in triathletes. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology, 25, 34–39. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2014.08.009
- Cunningham, T. J., Mullineaux, D. R., Noehren, B., Shapiro, R., & Uhl, T. L. (2014). Coupling angle variability in healthy and patellofemoral pain runners. Clinical Biomechanics, 29, 317–322. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2013.12.008
- DeLeo, A. T., Dierks, T. A., Ferber, R., & Davis, I. S. (2004). Lower extremity joint coupling during running: A current update. Clinical Biomechanics, 19, 983–991. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2004.07.005
- Devita, P., Fellin, R. E., Seay, J. F., Ip, E., Stavro, N., & Messier, S. P. (2016). The relationships between age and running biomechanics. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 48, 98–106. doi:https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000744
- Dierks, T. A., & Davis, I. (2007). Discrete and continuous joint coupling relationships in uninjured recreational runners. Clinical Biomechanics, 22, 581–591. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2007.01.012
- Fellin, R. E., Rose, W. C., Royer, T. D., & Davis, I. S. (2010). Comparison of methods for kinematic identification of footstrike and toe-off during overground and treadmill running. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 13, 646–650. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2010.03.006
- Ferber, R., Kendall, K. D., & Farr, L. (2011). Changes in knee biomechanics after a hip-abductor strengthening protocol for runners with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Journal of Athletic Training, 46, 142–149. doi:https://doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-46.2.142
- Floria, P., Sanchez-Sixto, A., Ferber, R., & Harrison, A. J. (2018). Effects of running experience on coordination and its variability in runners. Journal of Sports Sciences, 36, 272–278. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2017.1300314
- Fuller, J. T., Bellenger, C. R., Thewlis, D., Arnold, J., Thomson, R. L., Tsiros, M. D., … Buckley, J. D. (2017). Tracking performance changes with running-stride variability when athletes are functionally overreached. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12, 357–363. doi:https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2015-0618
- Furlong, L. M., & Egginton, N. L. (2018). Kinetic asymmetry during running at preferred and nonpreferred speeds. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 50, 1241–1248. doi:https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001560
- Gorton, G. E., Hebert, D. A., & Gannotti, M. E. (2009). Assessment of the kinematic variability among 12 motion analysis laboratories. Gait & Posture, 29, 398-402. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2008.10.060
- Hafer, J. F., Freedman Silvernail, J., Hillstrom, H. J., & Boyer, K. A. (2016). Changes in coordination and its variability with an increase in running cadence. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34, 1388–1395. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1112021
- Hamacher, D., Hollander, K., & Zech, A. (2016). Effects of ankle instability on running gait ankle angles and its variability in young adults. Clinical Biomechanics, 33, 73–78. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2016.02.004
- Hamill, J., van Emmerik, R. E., Heiderscheit, B. C., & Li, L. (1999). A dynamical systems approach to lower extremity running injuries. Clinical Biomechanics, 14, 297–308. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0268-0033(98)90092-4
- Hanley, B., & Tucker, C. B. (2018). Gait variability and symmetry remain consistent during high-intensity 10,000m treadmill running. Journal of Biomechanics, 79, 129–134. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.08.008
- Leskinen, A., Hakkinen, K., Virmavirta, M., Isolehto, J., & Kyrolainen, H. (2009). Comparison of running kinematics between elite and national-standard 1500-m runners. Sports Biomechanics, 8, 1–9. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14763140802632382
- Maas, E., De Bie, J., Vanfleteren, R., Hoogkamer, W., & Vanwanseele, B. (2018). Novice runners show greater changes in kinematics with fatigue compared with competitive runners. Sports Biomechanics, 17, 350–360. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2017.1347193
- Meardon, S. A., Hamill, J., & Derrick, T. R. (2011). Running injury and stride time variability over a prolonged run. Gait & Posture, 33, 36–40. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2010.09.020
- Miller, J. R., Van Hooren, B., Bishop, C., Buckley, J. D., Willy, R. W., & Fuller, J. T. (2019). A systematic review and meta-analysis of crossover studies comparing physiological, perceptual and performance measures between treadmill and overground running. Sports Medicine, 49, 763–782. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01087-9
- Mo, S., & Chow, D. H. K. (2018). Stride-to-stride variability and complexity between novice and experienced runners during a prolonged run at anaerobic threshold speed. Gait & Posture, 64, 7–11. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.05.021
- Mo, S., & Chow, D. H. K. (2019). Differences in lower-limb coordination and coordination variability between novice and experienced runners during a prolonged treadmill run at anaerobic threshold speed. Journal of Sports Sciences, 37, 1021–1028. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2018.1539294
- Moore, I. S. (2016). Is there an economical running technique? A review of modifiable biomechanical factors affecting running economy. Sports Medicine, 46, 793–807. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0474-4
- Moore, I. S., Jones, A. M., & Dixon, S. J. (2012). Mechanisms for improved running economy in beginner runners. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 44, 1756–1763. doi:https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e318255a727
- Nakayama, Y., Kudo, K., & Ohtsuki, T. (2010). Variability and fluctuation in running gait cycle of trained runners and non-runners. Gait & Posture, 31, 331–335. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.12.003
- Novacheck, T. F. (1998). The biomechanics of running. Gait & Posture, 7, 77–95. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/s0966-6362(97)00038-6
- Phinyomark, A., Osis, S., Hettinga, B. A., & Ferber, R. (2015). Kinematic gait patterns in healthy runners: A hierarchical cluster analysis. Journal of Biomechanics, 48, 3897–3904. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.09.025
- Pohl, M. B., Lloyd, C., & Ferber, R. (2010). Can the reliability of three-dimensional running kinematics be improved using functional joint methodology? Gait & Posture, 32, 559–563. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2010.07.020
- Riley, P. O., Dicharry, J., Franz, J., Della Croce, U., Wilder, R. P., & Kerrigan, D. C. (2008). A kinematics and kinetic comparison of overground and treadmill running. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 40, 1093–1100. doi:https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181677530
- Riva, F., Bisi, M. C., & Stagni, R. (2014). Gait variability and stability measures: Minimum number of strides and within-session reliability. Computers in Biology and Medicine, 50, 9–13. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2014.04.001
- Silvernail, J. F., Boyer, K., Rohr, E., Bruggemann, G. P., & Hamill, J. (2015). Running mechanics and variability with aging. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 47, 2175–2180. doi:https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000633
- Sloot, L. H., van der Krogt, M. M., & Harlaar, J. (2014). Self-paced versus fixed speed treadmill walking. Gait & Posture, 39, 478–484. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2013.08.022
- Soderkvist, I., & Wedin, P. A. (1993). Determining the movements of the skeleton using well-configured markers. Journal of Biomechanics, 26, 1473–1477. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(93)90098-y
- Stoneham, R., Barry, G., Saxby, L., & Wilkinson, M. (2019). Measurement error of 3D kinematic and kinetic measures during overground endurance running in recreational runners between two test sessions separated by 48 h. Physiological Measurement, 40, 024002. doi:https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6579/aafa87
- van Gent, R. N., Siem, D., van Middelkoop, M., van Os, A. G., Bierma-Zeinstra, S. M., & Koes, B. W. (2007). Incidence and determinants of lower extremity running injuries in long distance runners: A systematic review. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 41, 469–480. doi:https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2006.033548
- Wille, C. M., Lenhart, R. L., Wang, S., Thelen, D. G., & Heiderscheit, B. C. (2014). Ability of sagittal kinematic variables to estimate ground reaction forces and joint kinetics in running. The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 44, 825–830. doi:https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2014.5367