Allometric Scaling Hip Joint Moments Optimally Reduces Anthropometric Differences in Males and Females

References

• Bell, A. L., Brand, R. A., & Pedersen, D. R. (1989). Prediction of hip joint centre location from external landmarks. Human Movement Science, 8, 3–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-9457(89)90020-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennell, K., Crossley, K., Jayarajan, J., Walton, E., Warden, S., Kiss, Z. S., & Wrigley, T. (2004). Ground reaction forces and bone parameters in females with tibial stress fracture. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 36(3), 397–404. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000117116.90297.E1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaudhari, A. M., Zelman, E. A., Flanigan, D. C., Kaeding, C. C., & Nagaraja, H. N. (2009). Anterior cruciate ligament—injured subjects have smaller anterior cruciate ligaments than matched controls. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 37(7), 1282–1287. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546509332256
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folland, J. P., McCauley, T. M., & Williams, A. G. (2008). Allometric scaling of strength measurements to body size. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 102(6), 739–745. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-007-0654-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hetzler, R. K., Stickley, C. D., & Kimura, I. E. (2011). Allometric scaling of Wingate anaerobic powertest scores in women. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 82(1), 70–78. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2011.10599723
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hewett, T. E. (2019). Normalization influences knee abduction moment results: Could it influence ACL-injury research, too? A letter to the editor. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport/Sports Medicine Australia, 22, 502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2018.11.023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holiday, D. B., Ballard, J. E., & McKeown, B. C. (1995). PRESS-related statistics: Regression tools for cross-validation and case diagnostics. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 27(4), 612–620. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199504000-00022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hreljac, A., Marshall, R. N., & Hume, P. A. (2000). Evaluation of lower extremity overuse injury potential in runners. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 32, 1635–1641. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200009000-00018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moisio, K. C., Sumner, D. R., Shott, S., & Hurwitz, D. E. (2003). Normalization of joint moments during gait: A comparison of two techniques. Journal of Biomechanics, 36, 599–603. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9290(02)00433-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norcross, M. F. (2019). Normalization influences knee abduction moment results: Could it influence ACL-injury research, too? Response to letter to the Editor by Dr. Timothy E. Hewett. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 22, 864–865. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2019.03.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Norcross, M. F., Johnson, S. T., Pollard, C. D., Chang, E. W., & Hoffman, M. A. (2017). Normalization influences knee abduction moment results: Could it influence ACL-injury research, too? Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 20, 318–321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2016.10.005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pinzone, O., Schwartz, M. H., & Baker, R. (2016). Comprehensive non-dimensional normalization of gait data. Gait & Posture, 44, 68–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2015.11.013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stickley, C. D., Andrews, S. N., Parke, E. A., & Hetzler, R. K. (2018). The effectiveness of scaling procedures for comparing ground reaction forces. Journal of Biomechanics, 77, 55–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.06.021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stickley, C. D., Hetzler, R. K., Wages, J. J., Freemyer, B. G., & Kimura, I. F. (2013). Allometric scaling of Wingate anaerobic power test scores in men. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27(9), 2603–2611. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31827f49f8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanderburgh, P. M. (1998). Two important cautions in the use of allometric scaling: The common exponent and group difference principles. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 2, 153–163. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327841mpee0203_2
   Google Scholar
• Vanderburgh, P. M., & Crowder, T. A. (2006). Body mass penalties in the physical fitness tests of the army, air force, and navy. Military Medicine, 171, 753–756. https://doi.org/10.7205/MILMED.171.8.753
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanderburgh, P. M., & Katch, F. I. (1996). Ratio scaling of VO2max penalizes women with larger percent body fat, not lean body mass. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 28(9), 1204–1208. https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199609000-00019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanderburgh, P. M., Katch, F. I., Schoenleber, J., Balabinis, C. P., & Elliott, R. (1996). Multivariate allometric scaling of men’s world indoor rowing championship performance. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 28(5), 626–630. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199605000-00015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanderburgh, P. M., Mahar, M. T., & Chou, C. H. (1995). Allometric scaling of grip strength by body mass in college-age men and women. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 66, 80–84. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.1995.10607658
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wahid, F., Begg, R., McClelland, J. A., Webster, K. E., Halgamuge, S., & Ackland, D. C. (2016). A multiple regression normalization approach to evaluation of gait in total knee arthroplasty patients. Clinical Biomechanics (Bristol, Avon), 32, 92–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2015.12.012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wannop, J. W., Worobets, J. T., & Stefanyshyn, D. J. (2012). Normalization of ground reaction forces, joint moments, and free moments in human locomotion. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 28, 665–676. https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.28.6.665
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winter, E. M. (1992). Scaling: Partitioning out differences in size. Pediatric Exercise Science, 4, 296–301. https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.4.4.296
   Google Scholar
• Xu, Y., Yuan, P., Wang, R., Wang, D., Liu, J., & Zhou, H. (2021). Effects of foot strike techniques On running biomechanics: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Health, 13(1), 71–77. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738120934715
   PubMedGoogle Scholar