140
Views
41
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Fetal magnetic resonance imaging

Pages 85-94 | Published online: 07 Jul 2009

References

  • Weinreb JC, Lowe T, Cohen JM, etal. Human fetal anatomy: MR imaging. Radiology 1985;157:715–20
  • Antuaco TL, Shah HR, Mattison DR, et al. MR imaging in high-risk obstetric patients: a valuable complement to US. Radiographics 1992;12:91–109
  • Powell MC, Worthington BS, Buckley JM, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in obstetrics. II. Fetal anatomy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1988;95:38–46
  • Horvath L, Seeds JW. Temporary arrest of fetal movement with pancuronium bromide to enable antenatal magnetic resonance imaging of holoprosencephaly. Am J Perinatol 1989;6:418–20
  • Lenke RR, Persutte WH, Nemes JM. Use of pancuronium bromidetoinhibit fetal movement during magnetic resonance imaging. A case report. JReprod Med 1989;34:315–17
  • Williamson RA, Weiner CP, Yuh WT, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of anomalous fetuses. Obstet Gynecol 1989;73:952–6
  • Stark DD, McCarthy SM, Filly RA, etal. Intrauterine growth retardation: evaluation by magnetic resonance. Work in progress. Radiology 1985;155:425–7
  • Schwartz JL, Crooks LE. NMR imaging produces no observ-able mutations or cytotoxicity in mammalian cells. Am J Roentgenol1982;139:583–5
  • Wolff S, Crooks LE, Brown P, et al. Tests for DNA and chromosomal damage induced by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Radiology 1980;136:707–10
  • Baker PN, Johnson IR, Harvey PR, et al. A three-year follow-up of children imaged in utero using echo planar magnetic resonance. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994;170:32–3
  • Kanal E, Gillen J, Evans JA, et al. Survey of reproductive health among female MR workers. Radiology 1993;187:395–9
  • US Food and Drug Administration. Guidance for Content and Review of a Magnetic Resonance Diagnostic Device 510 (k) Application. Washington, DC: FDA, 1988
  • Myers C, Duncan KR, Gowland PA, et al. Failure to detect intrauterine growth restriction following in utero exposure to MRI. Br J Radiol 1998;71:549�51
  • Levine D, Zuo C, Faro CB, et al. Potential heating effect in the gravid uterus during MR HASTE imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging 2001;13:856�61
  • Shellock FG, Kanal E. Policies, guidelines, and recommenda-tions for MR imaging safety and patient management. SMRI Safety Committee. J Magn Reson Imaging 1991;1:97�101
  • Yamashita Y, Namimoto T, Abe Y, et al. MR imaging of the fetus by a HASTE sequence. Am J Roentgenol 1997;168: 513�19
  • Levine D, Edelman RR. Fast MRI and its application in obstetrics. Abdom Imaging 1997;22:589�96
  • Levine D, Barnes PD, Sher S, et al. Fetal fast MR imaging: reproducibility, technical quality, and conspicuity of anatomy. Radiology 1998;206:549�54
  • LevineD,Barnes PD, Madsen JR, etal. Central nervous system abnormalities assessed with prenatal magnetic resonance imaging. Obstet Gynecol 1999;94:1011–19
  • Filly RA, Goldstein RB, Callen PW. Fetal ventricle: importance in routine obstetric sonography. Radiology 1991; 181:1�7
  • Levine D, Barnes PD, Robertson RR, et al. Fast MRI of fetal CNS abnormalities. Radiology 2003:229:51�61
  • Levine D, Mehta T, Trop I, et al. Fast MRI of fetal CNS anomalies with prenatal MRI: results of 149 cases. Radiology 2000;217:101
  • Levine D, Barnes PD, Madsen JR, et al. Fetal central nervous system anomalies: MR imaging augments sonographic diagnosis. Radiology 1997;204:635�42
  • Vergani P. Locatelli A, Strobelt N, et al. Clinical outcome of mild fetal ventriculomegaly. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1998;178:218�22
  • Patel MD, Filly AL, Hersh DR, et al. Isolated mild fetal cerebral ventriculomegaly: clinical course and outcome. Radiology 1994;192:759�64
  • Bloom SL, Bloom DD, Dellanebbia C, et al. The developmental outcome of children with antenatal mild isolated ventriculomegaly. Obstet Gynecol 1997;90:93�7
  • Nicolaides KH, Berry S, Snijders RJ, etal. Fetal lateral cerebral ventriculomegaly: associated malformations and chromo- somal defects. Fetal Diagn Ther 1990;5:5�14
  • Sutton LN, Adzick NS, Bilaniuk LT, et al. Improvement in hindbrain herniation demonstrated by serial fetal magnetic resonance imaging following fetal surgery for myelo-meningocele. J Am Med Assoc 1999;282:1826–31
  • Folkerth R, McLaughlin M, Levine D. Organizing posterior fossa hematomas simulating developmental cysts on prenatal imaging: report of three cases. J Ultrasound Med 2001; 20:1233–40
  • Levine D, Barnes PD. Cortical maturation in normal and abnormal fetuses as assessed with prenatal MR imaging. Radiology 1999;210:751–8
  • Giudetti B, Occhipinti E, Riccio A. Ventriculo-atrial shunt in 200 cases of non-tumoroural hydrocephalus in children: remarks on the diagnostic criteria, postoperative complica-tions and long-term results. Acta Neurochir 1969;21: 295–308
  • Coakley FV. Role of magnetic resonance imaging in fetal surgery. Topics Magn Reson Imaging 2001;12:39–51
  • Coakley FV, Hricak H, Filly RA, etal. Complex fetal disorders: effect of MR imaging on management - preliminary clinical experience. Radiology 1999;213:691–6
  • Leung JW, Coakley FV, Hricak H, etal. Prenatal MR imaging of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Am J Roentgenol 2000; 174:1607–12
  • Hubbard AM, Adzick NS, Crombleholme TM,et al. Left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia: value of prenatal MR imaging in preparation for fetal surgery. Radiology 1997; 203:636–40
  • Metkus AP, Filly RA, Stringer MD, etal. Sonogaphic predic-tors of survival in fetal diaphragmatic hernia. J Pediatr Surg 1996;31:148–52
  • Adzick SN, Harrison MR, Glick PL, et al. Diaphragmatic hernia in the fetus: prenatal diagnosis and outcome in 94 cases. JPediatr Surg 1985;20:357–61
  • Quinn TM, Hubbard AM, Adzick NS. Prenatal magnetic resonance imaging enhances fetal diagnosis. J Pediatr Surg 1998;33:553–8
  • Levine D, Jennings R, Barnewolt C, et al. Progressive fetal bronchial obstruction caused by a bronchogenic cyst diag-nosed by prenatal MR imaging. Am J Roentgenol 2001;176: 49–52
  • Levine D, Barnes PD, Edelman RR. State of the art: obstetric MR imaging. Radiology 1999;211:609–17
  • Levine D, Barnes P, Korf B, et al. Tuberous sclerosis: second trimester diagnosis of subependymal tubers with fast MR'. Am J Roentgenol 2000;175:1067–9
  • Coakley FV, Lopoo JB, Lu Y, et al. Normal and hypoplastic fetal lungs: volumetric assessment with prenatal single-shot rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement MR imaging. Radiology 2000;216:107–11
  • Levine D, Barnes PD, Madsen J, et al. Fetal CNS anomalies revealed on ultrafast MR imaging. Am J Roentgenol 1999; 172:813–18

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.