379
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Species diversity and systematics of the Leptodactylus melanonotus group (Anura, Leptodactylidae): review of diagnostic traits and a new species from the Eastern Guiana Shield

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon show all

References

  • Andersson, L. G. (1945). Batrachians from East Ecuador, collected 1937, 1938 by Wm. Clarke-Macintyre and Rolf Blomberg. Arkive För Zoologi, Stockholm, 37A, 1–88.
  • Audacity Team. (2020). Audacity(R): Free audio editor and recorder. Version 3.0.0. https://www.audacityteam.org
  • Barrio-Amorós, C. L., Rojas-Runjaic, J. M., & Señaris, C. (2019). Catalogue of the amphibians of Venezuela: Illustrated and annotated species list, distribution, and conservation. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation, 13(1), 1–198.
  • Borzée, A., Nguyen, H. Q., & Jowers, M. J. (2020). Description of the advertisement and aggressive calls of the enigmatic Trinidad thin-toed frog Leptodactylus nesiotus. South American Journal of Herpetology, 15, 63–67. https://doi.org/10.2994/SAJH-D-18-00011.1
  • Bouckaert, R., Heled, J., Kühnert, D., Vaughan, T., Wu, C.-H., Xie, D., Suchard, M. A., Rambaut, A., & Drummond, A. J. (2014). BEAST 2: A software platform for Bayesian evolutionary analysis. PLoS Computational Biology, 10(4), e1003537. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003537
  • Boulenger, G. A. (1882). Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia s. Ecaudata in the Collection of the British Museum (2nd ed.). Taylor & Francis.
  • Boulenger, G. A. (1884 On a collection of frogs from Yurimaguas, Huallaga River, Northern Peru [Paper presentation]. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1883, 635–638.
  • Brandão, R. A., & Heyer, W. R. (2005). The complex calls of Leptodactylus pustulatus (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae). Amphibia-Reptilia, 26(4), 566–570. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853805774806278
  • Carvalho, T. R., Giaretta, A. A., Angulo, A., Haddad, C. F. B., & Peloso, P. L. V. (2019). A new Amazonian species of Adenomera (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from the Brazilian state of Pará: A tody-tyrant voice in a frog. American Museum Novitates, 3919(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1206/3919.1
  • Carvalho, T. R., Moraes, L. J. C. L., Lima, A. P., Fouquet, A., Peloso, P. L. V., Pavan, D., Drummond, L. O., Rodrigues, M. T., Giaretta, A. A., Gordo, M., Neckel-Oliveira, S., & Haddad, C. F. B. (2021). Systematics and historical biogeography of Neotropical foam-nesting frogs of the Adenomera heyeri clade (Leptodactylidae), with the description of six new Amazonian species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 191(2), 395–433. https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa051
  • Cope, E. D. (1862 Catalogues of the reptiles obtained during the explorations of the Parana, Paraguay, Vermejo and Uraguay Rivers, by Capt. Thos. J. Page, U.S.N.; and of those procured by Lieut. N. Michler, U.S. Top. Eng., Commander of the expedition conducting the survey of the Atrato River [Paper presentation]. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 14, 346–359.
  • Cope, E. D. (1887 Synopsis of the Batrachia and Reptilia obtained by H. H. Smith, in the province of Mato Grosso, Brazil [Paper presentation]. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 24, 44–60.
  • Crump, M. (1974). Reproductive strategies in a tropical Anuran community. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Natural History, the University of Kansas, 61, 1–68.
  • de Sá, R. O., Grant, T., Camargo, A., Heyer, W. R., Ponssa, M. L., & Stanley, E. (2014). Systematics of the Neotropical frog genus Leptodactylus Fitzinger, 1826 (Anura: Leptodactylidae): Phylogeny, the relevance of non-molecular evidence, and species accounts. South American Journal of Herpetology, 9(S1), S1–S100. https://doi.org/10.2994/SAJH-D-13-00022.1
  • Dewynter, M., Courtois, E. A., Massary, J.-C., Uriot, Q., Uriot, S., Premel, V., Vilette, B., Rufray, V., Perrier, M., Bouchet, L., Le Pape, T., Foxonet, H., Remérand, E., Baudain, D., Baglan, A., Marty, C., & Bonnefond, A. (2020). La base de donnés Faune-Guyane (Amphibiens, Squamates, Tortues & Caïmans): Synthèse 2019. Herp Me!, Société Herpétologique de France, 2, 1–86.
  • Dewynter, M., Marty, C., Blanc, M., Gaucher, P., Vidal, N., Frétey, T., de Massary, J. C., & Fouquet, A. (2008). Liste des Amphibiens et des Reptiles de Guyane. Herpétologie (Reptiles-Amphibiens). Version 09/2008.
  • Drummond, A. J., Ho, S. Y., Phillips, M. J., & Rambaut, A. (2006). Relaxed phylogenetics and dating with confidence. PLoS Biology, 4(5), e88.
  • Duellman, W. E. (1978). The biology of an equatorial herpetofauna in Amazonian Ecuador. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Natural History, the University of Kansas, 65, 1–352.
  • Duellman, W. E. (1997). Amphibians of La Escalera region, southeastern Venezuela: Taxonomy, ecology, and biogeography. Natural History Museum, the University of Kansas, 2, 1–52.
  • Ezard, T., Fujisawa, T., Barraclough, T. (2009). splits: SPecies’ LImits by threshold statistics. R package. https://rdrr.io/rforge/splits/
  • Feng, Y. J., Blackburn, D. C., Liang, D., Hillis, D. M., Wake, D. B., Cannatella, D. C., & Zhang, P. (2017). Phylogenomics reveals rapid, simultaneous diversification of three major clades of Gondwanan frogs at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114(29), 5864–5870. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1704632114
  • Fouquet, A., Cassini, C. S., Haddad, C. F. B., Pech, N., & Rodrigues, M. T. (2014). Species delimitation, patterns of diversification and historical biogeography of the Neotropical frog genus Adenomera (Anura, Leptodactylidae). Journal of Biogeography, 41(5), 855–870. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12250
  • Fouquet, A., Cornuault, J., Rodrigues, M. T., Werneck, F. P., Hrbek, T., Acosta-Galvis, A., Massemin, D., Kok, P. J. R., & Ernst, R. (2022). Diversity, biogeography, and reproductive evolution in the genus Pipa (Amphibia: Anura: Pipidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 170, 107442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107442
  • Fouquet, A., Courtois, E. A., Baudain, D., Lima, J. D., Souza, S. M., Noonan, B. P., & Rodrigues, M. T. (2015). The trans-riverine genetic structure of 28 Amazonian frog species is dependent on life history. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 31(4), 361–373. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467415000206
  • Fouquet, A., Gilles, A., Vences, M., Marty, C., Blanc, M., & Gemmel, N. J. (2007). Underestimation of species richness in Neotropical frogs revealed by mtDNA analyses. PloS One, 2(10), e1109. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001109
  • Fouquet, A., Leblanc, K., Framit, M., Réjaud, A., Rodrigues, M. T., Castroviejo-Fisher, S., Peloso, P. L. V., Prates, I., Manzi, S., Suescun, U., Baroni, S., Moraes, L. J. C. L., Recoder, R., de Souza, S. M., Dal Vecchio, F., Camacho, A., Ghellere, J. M., Rojas-Runjaic, F. J. M., Gagliardi-Urrutia, G., … Fabre, A.-C. (2021). Species diversity and biogeography of an ancient frog clade from the Guiana Shield (Anura: Microhylidae: Adelastes, Otophryne, Synapturanus) exhibiting spectacular phenotypic diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 132(2), 233–256. https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blaa204
  • Fouquet, A., Noonan, B. P., Rodrigues, M. T., Pech, N., Gilles, A., & Gemmel, N. J. (2012). Multiple quaternary refugia in the Eastern Guiana Shield revealed by comparative phylogeography of 12 frog species. Systematic Biology, 61(3), 461–489. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syr130
  • Fouquet, A., Vidal, N., & Dewynter, M. (2019). The amphibians of the Mitaraka massif, French Guiana. Zoosystema, 41(sp1), 359–374. https://doi.org/10.5252/zoosystema2019v41a19
  • Frost, D. R. (2022). Amphibian Species of the World: An online reference. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. Version 6.1. https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/index.php
  • Garman, S. (1888). West Indian Batrachia in the Museum of Comparative Zoology. Bulletin of the Essex Institute, 19, 13–16.
  • Gazoni, T., Lyra, M. L., Ron, S. R., Strüssmann, C., Baldo, D., Narimatsu, H., Pansonato, A., Schneider, R. G., Giaretta, A. A., Haddad, C. F. B., Parise-Maltempi, P., & Carvalho, T. R. (2021). Revisiting the systematics of the Leptodactylus melanonotus group (Anura: Leptodactylidae): Redescription of L. petersii and revalidation of its junior synonyms. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 290, 117–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2020.12.002
  • Glaw, F., & Frazen, M. (2006). Type catalogue of amphibians in the Zoologische Staatssammlung München. Spixiana, 29(2), 153–192.
  • Gridi-Papp, M. (2007). Soundruler: Acoustic analysis for research and teaching. http://soundruler.sourceforge.net.
  • Haddad, C. F. B., & Prado, C. P. A. (2005). Reproductive modes in frogs and their unexpected diversity in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. BioScience, 55(3), 207–217. https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0207:RMIFAT]2.0.CO;2
  • Hallowell, E. (1861 Report upon the Reptilia of the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, under command of Capt. John Rogers, U.S. Navy [Paper presentation].Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 12, 480–510.
  • Henle, K. (1981). Adenomera griseigularis, eine neue Leptodactyliden-Art aus Peru (Amphibia: Salientia: Leptodactylidae. Amphibia-Reptilia, 2(2), 139–142. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853881X00186
  • Heyer, W. R. (1970). Studies on the frogs of the genus Leptodactylus (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae). VI. Biosystematics of the melanonotus group. Contributions in Science, Los Angeles County Natural History Museum, 191, 1–48.
  • Heyer, W. R. (1978). Systematics of the fuscus group of the frog genus Leptodactylus (Amphibia, Leptodactylidae). Science Bulletin, Los Angeles County Natural History Museum, 29, 1–85.
  • Heyer, W. R. (1994). Variation within the Leptodactylus podicipinus-wagneri complex of frogs (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 546(546), i–124. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.546.i
  • Heyer, W. R. (2005). Variation and taxonomic clarification of the large species of the Leptodactylus pentadactylus group (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae) from Middle America, Northern South America, and Amazonia. Arquivos de Zoologia, 37(3), 269–348. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2176-7793.v37i3p269-348
  • Heyer, W. R., & Bellin, M. S. (1973). Ecological notes on five sympatric Leptodactylus (Amphibia, Leptodactylidae) from Ecuador. Herpetologica, 29, 66–72.
  • Heyer, W. R., & de Sá, R. O. (2011). Variation, systematics, and relationships of the Leptodactylus bolivianus complex (Amphibia: Anura: Leptodactylidae). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 635(635), 1–58. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.635.1
  • Heyer, W. R., & Morales, V. R. (1995). The advertisement call of the leptodactylid frog Leptodactylus griseigularis. Amphibia-Reptilia, 16(1), 91–92. https://doi.org/10.1163/156853895X00235
  • Heyer, W. R., & Peters, J. A. (1971 The frog genus Leptodactylus in Ecuador [Paper presentation]. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 84, 163–170.
  • Heyer, W. R., & Pyburn, W. F. (1983 Leptodactylus riveroi, a new frog species from Amazonia, South America [Paper presentation]. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 96, 560–566.
  • Jairam, R., & Fouquet, A. (2018). First records of Leptodactylus nesiotus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) for Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana. Herpetology Notes, 11, 997–999.
  • Katoh, K., & Standley, D. M. (2013). MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: Improvements in performance and usability. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 30(4), 772–780. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst010
  • Katoh, K., Rozewicki, J., & Yamada, K. (2019). MAFFT online service: Multiple sequence alignment, interactive sequence choice and visualization. Briefings in Bioinformatics, 20(4), 1160–1166. https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbx108
  • Köhler, J., Vieites, D. R., Bonett, R. M., García, F. H., Glaw, F., Steinke, D., & Vences, M. (2005). New amphibians and global conservation: A boost in species discoveries in a highly endangered vertebrate group. BioScience, 55(8), 693–696. https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0693:naagca]2.0.co;2
  • Kok, P. J. R., MacCulloch, R. D., Gaucher, P., Poelman, E. H., Bourne, G. R., Lathrop, A., & Lenglet, G. L. (2006). A new species of Colostethus (Anura, Dendrobatidae) from French Guiana with a redescription of Colostethus beebei (Noble, 1923) from its type locality. Phyllomedusa: Journal of Herpetology, 5(1), 43–66. https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v5i1p43-66
  • Lescure, J., & Marty, C. (2000). Atlas des amphibiens de Guyane. Collection patrimoines naturels.
  • Ligges, U., Krey, S., Mersmann, O., Schnackenberg, S. (2017). tuneR: Analysis of music and speech. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=tuneR
  • Lutz, A. (1930). Second paper on Brasilian and some closely related species of the genus Leptodactylus. Memórias Do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 23(1), 1–34. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0074-02761930000100001
  • Lynch, J. D., & Hoogmoed, M. S. (1977 Two species of Eleutherodactylus (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae) from northeastern South America [Paper presentation].Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 90, 424–439.
  • Mijares-Urrutia, A. (1997). Un nuevo Leptodactylus (Anura, Leptodactylidae) de un bosque nublado del oeste de Venezuela. Alytes, 15, 113–120. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-71081998000400013
  • Miralles, A., Bruy, T., Wolcott, K., Scherz, M. D., Begerow, D., Beszteri, B., Bonkowski, M., Felden, J., Gemeinholzer, B., Glaw, F., Glöckner, F. O., Hawlitschek, O., Kostadinov, I., Nattkemper, T. W., Printzen, C., Renz, J., Rybalka, N., Stadler, M., Weibulat, T., … Vences, M. (2020). Repositories for taxonomic data: where we are and what is missing. Systematic Biology, 69(6), 1231–1253. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syaa026
  • Miranda-Ribeiro, A. (1926). Notas para servirem ao estudo dos Gymnobatrachios (Anura) Brasileiros. Arquivos Do Museu Nacional, Rio De Janeiro, 27, 1–227.
  • Monaghan, M. T., Wild, R., Elliot, M., Fujisawa, T., Balke, M., Inward, D. J. G., Lees, D. C., Ranaivosolo, R., Eggleton, P., Barraclough, T. G., & Vogler, A. P. (2009). Accelerated species inventory on Madagascar using coalescent-based models of species delineation. Systematic Biology, 58(3), 298–311. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syp027
  • Moraes, L. J. C. L., Werneck, F. P., Réjaud, A., Rodrigues, M. T., Prates, I., Glaw, F., Kok, P. J. R., Ron, S. R., Chaparro, J. C., Osorno-Muñoz, M., Dal Vechio, F., Recoder, R. S., Marques-Souza, S., Rojas, R. R., Demay, L., Hrbek, T., & Fouquet, A. (2022). Diversification of tiny toads (Bufonidae: Amazophrynella) sheds light on ancient landscape dynamism in Amazonia. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 136(1), 75–91. https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blac006
  • Ouboter, P. E., & Jairam, R. (2012). Amphibians of Suriname. Brill.
  • Peters, W. C. H. (1862). Eine neue Gattung von Laubfröschen Plectromantis, aus Ecuador. Monatsberichte Der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie Der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1862, 232–233.
  • Peters, W. C. H. (1870). Eine Mitteilung über neue Amphibien (Hemidactylus, Urosaura, Tropidolepisma, Geophis. Uriechis, Scaphiophis, Hoplocephlaus, Rana. Entomogossus, Cystignathus, Hylodes, Arthroleptis, Phyllobates, Cophomantis) des Königlich-zoologischen Museums. Monatsberichte Der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie Der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1870, 641–652.
  • Pons, J., Barraclough, T. G., Gomez-Zurita, J., Cardoso, A., Duran, D. P., Hazell, S., Kamoun, S., Sumlin, W. D., & Vogler, A. P. (2006). Sequence-based species delimitation for the DNA taxonomy of undescribed insects. Systematic Biology, 55(4), 595–609. https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150600852011
  • Prado, G. M., Bilate, M., & Wogel, H. (2007). Call diversity of Leptodactylus natalensis Lutz, 1930 (Anura; Leptodactylidae). Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia, 47(6), 97–103. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0031-10492007000600001
  • Puillandre, N., Lambert, A., Brouillet, S., & Achaz, G. (2012). ABGD, Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery for primary species delimitation. Molecular Ecology, 21(8), 1864–1877. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05239.x
  • R Core Team. (2018). R: A Language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing. http://www.r-project.org
  • Réjaud, A., Rodrigues, M. T., Crawford, A. J., Castroviejo‐Fisher, S., Jaramillo, A. F., Chaparro, J. C., Glaw, F., Gagliardi‐Urrutia, G., Moravec, J., De la Riva, I. J., Perez, P., Lima, A. P., Werneck, F. P., Hrbek, T., Ron, S. R., Ernst, R., Kok, P. J. R., Driskell, A., Chave, J., & Fouquet, A. (2020). Historical biogeography identifies a possible role of Miocene wetlands in the diversification of the Amazonian rocket frogs (Aromobatidae: Allobates). Journal of Biogeography, 47(11), 2472–2482. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13937
  • Rivera-Correa, M., Baldo, D., Candioti, F. V., Orrico, V. G. D., Blackburn, D. C., Castroviejo-Fisher, S., Chan, K. O., Gambale, P., Gower, D., Quah, E. S. H., Rowley, J. J. L., Twomey, E., & Vences, M. (2021). Amphibians in Zootaxa: 20 years documenting the global diversity of frogs, salamanders, and caecilians. Zootaxa, 4979(1), 57–69. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4979.1.9
  • Rodrigues, A. P., Giaretta, A. A., Silva, D. R., & Facure, K. G. (2011). Reproductive features of three maternal-caring species of Leptodactylus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) with a report on alloparental care in frogs. Journal of Natural History, 45(33-34), 2037–2047. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.574799
  • Rodríguez, L. O., & Duellman, W. E. 1994. Guide to the frogs of the Iquitos region, Amazonian Peru [Paper presentation].Special Publication of the Museum of Natural History, the University of Kansas, 22, 1–80.
  • Ron, S. R. (2002). Leptodactylus petersii (NGD). Herpetological Review, 33(3), 221.
  • Sabaj, M. H. (2020). Codes for natural history collections in ichthyology and herpetology. Copeia, 108(3), 593–669. https://doi.org/10.1643/ASIHCODONS2020
  • Schlüter, A. (1980). Bio-akustische untersuchungen an Leptodacyliden in einem begrenzten gebiet des tropischen regenwaldes von Peru. Salamandra, 16, 227–247.
  • Silva, L. A., Magalhães, F. M., Thomassen, H., Leite, F. S. F., Garda, A. A., Brandão, R. A., Haddad, C. F. B., Giaretta, A. A., & Carvalho, T. R. (2020). Unraveling the species diversity and relationships in the Leptodactylus mystaceus complex (Anura: Leptodactylidae), with the description of three new Brazilian species. Zootaxa, 4779(2), zootaxa.4779.2.1–189. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4779.2.1
  • Stamatakis, A. (2014). RAxML version 8: A tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England), 30(9), 1312–1313. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu033
  • Steindachner, F. (1864). Batrachologische Mittheilungen. Verhandlungen Des Zoologisch-Botanischen Vereins in Wien, 14, 239–288.
  • Straughan, I. R., & Heyer, W. R. (1976). A functional analysis of the mating calls of the Neotropical frog genera of the Leptodactylus complex (Amphibia, Leptodactylidae). Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, 29, 221–245.
  • Streicher, J. W., Sadler, R., & Loader, S. P. (2020). Amphibian taxonomy: Early 21st century case studies. Journal of Natural History, 54(1-4), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2020.1777339
  • Sueur, J., Aubin, T., & Simonis, C. (2008). Seewave: A free modular tool for sound analysis and synthesis. Bioacoustics, 18(2), 213–226. https://doi.org/10.1080/09524622.2008.9753600
  • Tapley, B., Michaels, C. J., Gumbs, R., Bohm, M., Luedtke, J., Pearce-Kelly, P., & Rowley, J. J. L. (2018). The disparity between species description and conservation assessment: A case study in taxa with high rates of species discovery. Biological Conservation, 220, 209–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2018.01.022
  • Vacher, J. ‐P., Chave, J., Ficetola, F. G., Sommeria‐Klein, G., Tao, S., Thébaud, C., Blanc, M., Camacho, A., Cassimiro, J., Colston, T. J., Dewynter, M., Ernst, R., Gaucher, P., Gomes, J. O., Jairam, R., Kok, P. J. R., Lima, J. D., Martinez, Q., Marty, C., … Fouquet, A. (2020). Large-scale DNA-based survey of frogs in Amazonia suggests a vast underestimation of species richness and endemism. Journal of Biogeography, 47(8), 1781–1791. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13847
  • Watters, J. L., Cummings, S. T., Flanagan, R. L., & Siler, C. D. (2016). Review of morphometric measurements used in anuran species descriptions and recommendations for a standardized approach. Zootaxa, 4072(4), 477–495. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4072.4.6
  • Zhang, J., Kapli, P., Pavlidis, P., & Stamatakis, A. (2013). A general species delimitation method with applications to phylogenetic placements. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England), 29(22), 2869–2876. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btt499

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.