The first hermit crab-associated sponge from South Africa, Suberites ambulodomus sp. nov. (Porifera, Demospongiae, Suberitida, Suberitidae), and its relationship with the hermit crab Pagurus liochele

References

• Altschul, S. F., Gish, W., Miller, W., Myers, E. W., & Lipman, D. J. (1990). Basic local alignment search tool. Journal of Molecular Biology, 215, 403–410. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-2836(05)80360-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atkinson, L., Leslie, R., Field, J., & Jarre, A. (2011). Changes in demersal fish assemblages on the west coast of South Africa, 1986–2009. African Journal of Marine Science, 33, 157–170. https://doi.org/10.2989/1814232X.2011.572378
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bandelt, H., Forster, P., & Röhl, A. (1999). Median-joining networks for inferring intraspecific phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 16, 37–48. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026036
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnard, K. H. (1947). Descriptions of new species of South African Decapod Crustacea, with notes on synonymy and new records. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 13, 361–392. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222934608654562
   Google Scholar
• Becking, L. E., Erpenbeck, D., Peijnenburg, K. T. C. A., & de Voogd, N. J. (2013). Phylogeography of the Sponge Suberites diversicolor in Indonesia: Insights into the evolution of marine lake populations. Public Library of Science One, 8, e75996. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0075996
   Google Scholar
• Boury-Esnault, N., & Rützler, K. (1997). Thesaurus of sponge morphology. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 596, 1–55. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.596
   Google Scholar
• Burton, M. (1930). Norwegian sponges from the norman collection. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 100, 487–546. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.1930.tb00989.x
   Google Scholar
• Burton, M. (1933). Report on a small collection of sponges from Stil Bay, S. Africa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 11, 235–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933308673651
   Google Scholar
• Burton, M. (1934). Observations on post-larval sponges of the genus Suberites. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 13, 312–317. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933408654813
   Google Scholar
• Burton, M. (1953). Suberites domuncula (Olivi): Its synonomy, distribution, and ecology. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), 1, 353–378. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.21636
   Google Scholar
• Cárdenas, P., Pérez, T., & Boury-Esnault, N. (2012). Sponge systematics facing new challenges. In M. A. Becerro, M. J. Uriz, M. Maldonado, & X. Turon (Eds.), Advances in sponge science: Phylogeny, systematics, ecology (Vol. 61, pp. 79–209). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-387787-1.00010-6
   Google Scholar
• Chombard, C., & Boury-Esnault, N. (1999). Good Congruence between morphology and molecular phylogeny of Hadromerida, or how to bother sponge taxonomists. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 44, 100.
   Google Scholar
• Davenport, J., Gallagher, M. C., & McAllen, R. (2017). Sponge-dwelling hermit crabs from the Clyde Sea. Crustaceana, 90, 1533–1536. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003710
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doyle, J. J., & Doyle, J. L. (1987). A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue. Phytochemical Bulletin, 19, 11–15.
   Google Scholar
• Doyle, J. J., & Doyle, J. L. (1990). Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue. Focus, 12, 13–15.
   Google Scholar
• Du Plessis, A., Le Roux, S., & Guelpa, A. (2016). The CT Scanner Facility at Stellenbosch University: An open access X-ray computed tomography laboratory. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B, 384, 42–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2016.08.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du Plessis, A., Broeckhoven, C., Guelpa, A., & Le Roux S. G. (2017). Laboratory X-ray micro-computed tomography: A user guideline for biological samples. GigaScience, 6, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1093/gigascience/gix027
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Voogd, N. J., Alvarez, B., Boury-Esnault, N., Carballo, J. L., Cárdenas, P., Díaz, M. C., Dohrmann, M., Downey, R., Hajdu, E., Hooper, J. N. A., Kelly, M., Klautau, M., Manconi, R., Morrow, C. C., Pisera, A. B., Ríos, P., Rützler, K., Schönberg, C., Vacelet, J., van Soest, R. W. M. (2024). World Porifera Database. Retrieved October 11, 2022, from https://www.marinespecies.org/porifera. https://doi.org/10.14284/359
   Google Scholar
• Felsenstein, J. (1985). Confidence limits on phylogenies: An approach using the Bootstrap. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution, 39, 783–791. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1985.tb00420.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folmer, O., Black, M., Hoeh, W., Lutz, R., & Vrijenhoek, R. (1994). DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology, 3, 294–299.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Grant, R. E. (1836). Animal Kingdom. In R. B. Todd (Ed.), The Cyclopaedia of Anatomy and Physiology (Vol. 1, pp. 107–118). Sherwood, and Piper, London.
   Google Scholar
• Hajdu, E., Desqueyroux-Faúndez, R., Carvalho, M. D. S., Lôbo-Hajdu, G., & Willenz, P. (2013). Twelve new Demospongiae (Porifera) from Chilean fjords, with remarks upon sponge-derived biogeographic compartments in the SE Pacific. Zootaxa, 3744, 1–64. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3744.1.1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hartman, W. D. (1958). Natural history of the Marine Sponges of Southern New England. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, 12, 1–155.
   Google Scholar
• Hasegawa, M., Kishino, H., & Yano, T. (1985). Dating of the Human-Ape Splitting by a molecular Clock of Mitochondrial DNA. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 22, 160–174. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02101694
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoang, D. T., Chernomor, O., von Haeseler, A., Minh, B. Q., & Vinh, L. S. (2018). UFBoot2: Improving the ultrafast Bootstrap approximation. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 35, 518–522.https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msx281
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hooper, J. N. A. (1996). Revision of Microcionidae (Porifera: Poecilosclerida: Demospongiae), with description of Australian species. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 40, 1–626.
   Google Scholar
• Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.). (2002). Systema Porifera. A Guide to the Classification of Sponges (Vol. 1 & 2, p. 1708). Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0747-5_1
   Google Scholar
• Johnston, G. (1842). A history of British Sponges and Lithophytes (p. 264). W.H. Lizars, Edinburgh. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.51495
   Google Scholar
• Kalyaanamoorthy, S., Minh, B. Q., Wong, T. K. F., von Haeseler, A., & Jermiin, L. S. (2017). ModelFinder: Fast model selection for accurate phylogenetic estimates. Nature Methods, 14, 587–589. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.4285
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keller, C. (1891). Die Spongienfauna des Rothen Meeres (II. Hälfte). Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 52, 294–368.
   Google Scholar
• Kimura, M. (1980). A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 16, 111–120. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01731581
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knapp, I. S., Forsman, Z. H., Williams, G. J., Toonen, R. J., & Bell, J. J. (2015). Cryptic species obscure introduction pathway of the blue Caribbean sponge (Haliclona (Soestella) caerulea),(order: Haplosclerida) to Palmyra Atoll, Central Pacific. PeerJ. 3, e1170.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01731581
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leigh, J. W., & Bryant, D. (2015). PopART: Full-feature software for haplotype network construction. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 6, 1110–1116. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12410
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lévi, C. (1958). Résultats scientifiques des Campagnes de la ‘Calypso’. Campagne 1951–1952 en Mer Rouge (suite). 11. Spongiaires de Mer Rouge recueillis par la 'Calypso’ (1951–1952). Annales de l'Institut océanographique, 34, 3–46.
   Google Scholar
• Landschoff, J. (2018). Contributions to the taxonomy of South African hermit crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Paguroidea) – integrating microCT scanning and barcoding [PhD Thesis]. University of Cape Town, pp. 242.
   Google Scholar
• Landschoff, J., Du Plessis, A., & Griffiths, C. L. (2018). A micro X-ray computed tomography dataset of South African hermit crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Paguroidea) containing scans of two rare specimens and three recently described species. GigaScience, 7, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1093/gigascience/giy022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata [10th revised edition], vol. 1, 824 pp. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/72688.
   Google Scholar
• Maduray, S. (2013). Studies on the diversity and spatial distribution of deep-water sponges along the west and south coasts of South Africa. MSc Thesis, University of the Western Cape, South Africa 132 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Maldonado, M. (2006). The ecology of the sponge larva. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 84, 175–194. https://doi.org/10.1139/z05-177
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLaughlin, P. A. (2015). Crustaceans in mobile homes. In M. Thiel, & L. Watling, (Eds.), The natural history of the Crustacea. Vol. 2, Lifestyles and Feeding Biology (pp. 145–162). Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Montagu, G. (1814 [1818]). An essay on sponges, with descriptions of all the species that have been discovered on the Coast of Great Britain. Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society, 2, 67–122, pls III–XVI. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/45847761
   Google Scholar
• Morrow, C. C., & Cárdenas, P. (2015). Proposal for a revised classification of the Demospongiae (Porifera). Frontiers in Zoology, 12, 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12983-015-0099-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrow, C. C., Picton, B. E., Erpenbeck, D., Boury-Esnault, N., Maggs, C. A., & Allcock, A. L. (2012). Congruence between nuclear and mitochondrial genes in Demospongiae: A new hypothesis for relationships within the G4 clade (Porifera: Demospongiae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 62, 174–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2011.09.016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morrow, C. C., Redmond, N. E., Picton, B. E., Thacker, R. W., Collins, A. G., Maggs, C. A., Sigwart, J. D., & Allcock, A. L. (2013). Molecular phylogenies support homoplasy of multiple morphological characters used in the Taxonomy of Heteroscleromorpha (Porifera: Demospongiae). Integrative and Comparative Biology, 53, 428–446. https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/ict065
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nardo, G. D. (1833). Auszug aus einem neuen System der Spongiarien, wonach bereits die Aufstellung in der Universitäts-Sammlung zu Padua gemacht ist. In Isis, oder Encyclopädische Zeitung Coll (pp. 519–523). Oken, Jena.
   Google Scholar
• Nguyen, L.-T., Schmidt, H. A., von Haeseler, A., & Minh, B. Q. (2015). IQ-TREE: A fast and effective stochastic algorithm for estimating maximum likelihood phylogenies. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 32, 268–274. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu300
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nichols, S. A., & Barnes, P. A. (2005). A molecular phylogeny and historical biogeography of the marine sponge genus Placospongia (Phylum Porifera) indicate low dispersal capabilities and widespread crypsis. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 323, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2005.02.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olbers, J. M., Celliers, L., & Schleyer, M. H. (2009). Zonation of benthic communities on the subtropical Aliwal Shoal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. African Zoology, 44, 8–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/15627020.2009.11407435
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olivi, G. (1792). Zoologia Adriatica ossia catalogo ragionato degli Animali del Golfo e delle Laguna di Venezia; preceduto da una dissertazione sulla storia fisica e naturale del Golfo; e accompagnato da memorie, ed osservazioni di fisica storia naturale ed economia (pp. 334). Bassano. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.60887
   Google Scholar
• QGIS Development Team. (2019). QGIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project. Retrieved August 20, 2019, from http://qgis.osgeo.org.
   Google Scholar
• Richards, Z. T., Kise, H., & West, K. M. (2023). The complete mitochondrial genome of the invasive cyanobacteriosponge Terpios hoshinota (Demospongiae, Suberitida, Suberitidae). Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources, 8, 319–323.https://doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2023.2180311
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ridley, S. O., & Dendy, A. (1886). Preliminary report on the Monaxonida collected by H.M.S. 'Challenger. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 18, 325–351. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222938609459982
   Google Scholar
• Ridley, S. O., & Dendy, A. (1887). Report on the Monaxonida collected by H.M.S. 'Challenger’ during the years 1873–1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. 'Challenger’, 1873–1876, Zoology, 20, 1–275.
   Google Scholar
• Riesgo, A., Novo, M., Sharma, P. P., Peterson, M., Maldonado, M., & Giribet, G. (2014). Inferring the ancestral sexuality and reproductive condition in sponges (Porifera). Zoologica Scripta, 43, 101–117. https://doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12031
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samaai, T., & Gibbons, M. J. (2005). Demospongiae taxonomy and biodiversity of the Benguela region on the west coast of South Africa. African Natural History, 1, 1–96.
   Google Scholar
• Samaai, T., Maduray, S., Janson, L., Gibbons, M. J., Ngwakum, B., & Teske, P. R. (2017). A new species of habitat-forming Suberites (Porifera, Demospongiae, Suberitida) in the Benguela upwelling region (South Africa). Zootaxa, 4254, 49–81. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4254.1.3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandford, F. (1995). Sponge/Shell Switching by Hermit Crabs, Pagurus impressus. Invertebrate Biology, 114, 73–78. https://doi.org/10.2307/3226955
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandford, F., & Kelly-Borges, M. (1997). Redescription of the hermit-crab sponge Spongosorites suberitoides Diaz, Pomponi and van Soest (Demospongiae: Halichondrida: Halichondriidae). Journal of Natural History, 31, 315–328. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939700770161
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sayers, E. W., Cavanaugh, M., Clark, K., Ostell, J., Pruitt, K. D., & Karsch-Mizrachi, I. (2019). GenBank. Nucleic Acids Research, 47, D94–D99. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gky989
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schleyer, M. H., & Celliers, L. (2005). Modelling reef zonation in the Greater St Lucia Wetland Park, South Africa. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 63, 373–384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2004.12.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schleyer, M. H., Heikoop, J. M., & Risk, M. J. (2006). A benthic survey of Aliwal Shoal and assessment of the effects of a wood pulp effluent on the reef. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 52, 503–514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.09.038
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schmidt, O. (1870). Grundzüge einer Spongien-Fauna des atlantischen Gebietes (p. 88). Wilhelm Engelmann.
   Google Scholar
• Sievers, F., & Higgins, D. G. (2014). Clustal omega. Current Protocols in Bioinformatics, 48, 3.13.1–3.13.16. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471250953.bi0313s48
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Solé-Cava, A. M., & Thorpe, J. P. (1986). Genetic differentiation between morphotypes of the marine sponge Suberites ficus (Demospongiae: Hadromerida). Marine Biology, 93, 247–253. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00508262
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sollas, W.J. (1885). A classification of the sponges. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 16(95), 395. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222938509459901
   Google Scholar
• Studer, T. (1883). Verzeichnis der während der Crustaceen, welche während der Reise S.M.S. “Gazelle” an der Westküste von Afrika, Ascension un dem Cap der Guten Hoffnung gesammelten Crustaceen. Abhandlungen der königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. 2, 1–32, pls. I-II [imprint 1882].
   Google Scholar
• Schwarz, G. E. (1978). Estimating the dimension of a model. The Annals of Statistics, 6, 461–464. https://doi.org/10.1214/aos/1176344136
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tamura, K., Stecher, G., & Kumar, S. (2021). MEGA11: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 11. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 38, 3022–3027. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msab120
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thacker, R. W., Hill, A. L., Hill, M. S., Redmond, N. E., Collins, A. G., Morrow, C. C., Spicer, L., Carmack, C. A., Zappe, M. E., Pohlmann, D., Hall, C., Diaz, M. C., & Bangalore, P. V. (2013). Nearly complete 28S rRNA gene sequences confirm new hypotheses of sponge evolution. Integrative and Comparative Biology, 53, 373–387. https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/ict071
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner, T. L., Rouse, G. W., Weigel, B. L., Janusson, C., Lemay, M. A., & Thacker, R. W. (2024). Taxonomy and phylogeny of the family Suberitidae (Porifera: Demospongiae) in California. BioRxiv, 2024–2001. https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.01.10.575078
   Google Scholar
• Uriz, M. J. (1987). Sponges from the South-West of Africa: Description of species. In W. C. Jones (Ed.), European contributions to the taxonomy of Sponges (pp. 54–73). Sherkin Island Marine Station, Sherkin Island.
   Google Scholar
• Uriz, M. J. (1988). Deep-water sponges from the continental shelf and slope off Namibia (Southwest Africa): Classes Hexactinellida and Demospongia. Monografías de Zoología Marina, 3, 9–157.
   Google Scholar
• Uriz, M. J. (1990). Possible influence of trawl fishery on recent expansion in the range of Suberites tylobtusa in the Southeast Atlantic. In K. Rützler (Ed.), New perspectives in sponge biology (pp. 309–315). Smithsonian Institution Press.
   Google Scholar
• Uriz, M. J., & Turon, X. (2012). Sponge ecology in the molecular era. Advances in Marine Biology, 61, 345–410. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-387787-1.00006-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Soest, R. W. M. (2002). Family Suberitidae Schmidt, 1870. In J. N. A. Hooper, & R. W. M. Van Soest (Eds.), Systema Porifera. A Guide to the Classification of Sponges (Vol. 1, pp. 227–244). Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0747-5_25
   Google Scholar
• Williams, J. D., & McDermott, J. (2004). Hermit crab biocoenoses: A worldwide review of the diversity and natural history of hermit crab associates. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 305, 1–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2004.02.020
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xavier, J. R., Rachello-Dolmen, P. G., Parra-Velandia, F., Schönberg, C. H. L., Breeuwer, J. A. J., & Van Soest, R. W. M. (2010). Molecular evidence of cryptic speciation in the “cosmopolitan” excavating sponge Cliona celata (Porifera, Clionaidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 56, 13–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2010.03.030
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar