The European Union’s ‘never again’ Arctic narrative

References

• Airoldi, A. 2020. “Security Aspects in EU Arctic Policy.” In Routledge Handbook of Arctic Security, edited by G. H. Gjørv, M. Lanteigne, and H. Sam-Aggrey, 337–347. Abingdon: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Berenskoetter, F. 2014. “Parameters of a National Biography.” European Journal of International Relations 20 (1): 262–288. doi:10.1177/1354066112445290.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blockmans, S. 2020. ‘Why the EU Needs a Geopolitical Commission’. Centre for European Policy Studies. 15 September 2020. https://www.ceps.eu/why-the-eu-needs-a-geopolitical-commission/.
   Google Scholar
• Cash, J., and C. Kinnvall. 2017. “Postcolonial Bordering and Ontological Insecurities.” Postcolonial Studies 20 (3): 267–274. doi:10.1080/13688790.2017.1391670.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chuffart, R., A. Raspotnik, and A. Stępień. 2021. “Our Common Arctic? A More Sustainable EU-Arctic Nexus in Light of the European Green Deal.” The Polar Journal 11 (2): 284–302. doi:10.1080/2154896X.2021.1978757.
   Google Scholar
• Combes, M. D. R. 2017. “Encountering the Stranger: Ontological Security and the Boston Marathon Bombing.” Cooperation and Conflict 52 (1): 126–143. doi:10.1177/0010836716653160.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Commission of the European Communities 2008. ‘The European Union and the Arctic Region COM. 20.11.2008 763. Final, Brussels
   Google Scholar
• Council of the European Union. 2014. European Union Maritime Security Strategy (11205/14). Brussels. 24 June 2014’.
   Google Scholar
• Delehanty, W. K., and B. J. Steele. 2009. “Engaging the Narrative in Ontological (In)security Theory: Insights from Feminist IR.” Cambridge Review of International Affairs 22 (3): 523–540. doi:10.1080/09557570903104024.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diez, T., and I. Manners. 2007. “Reflecting on “Normative Power Europe”.” In Power in World Politics, edited by F. Berenskoetter and M. J. Williams, 173–188. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Eriksen, E. O. 2006. “The EU - a Cosmopolitan Polity?” Journal of European Public Policy 13 (2): 252–269. doi:10.1080/13501760500451683.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Commission and High Representative. 2016. ‘An Integrated European Union Policy for the Arctic (JOIN(2016) 21 Final). 27 4.2016. Brussels.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission and High Representative. 2021. A Stronger EU Engagement for a Peaceful, Sustainable and Prosperous Arctic (JOIN(2021) 27 Final). 13.10.2021. Brussels.
   Google Scholar
• European Commission and High Representative. 2012. Developing a European Union Policy Towards the Arctic Region: Progress Since 2008 and Next Steps (JOIN(2012) 19 Final). 26 6.2012. Brussels.
   Google Scholar
• Fiott, D. 2021. ‘Naval Gazing? The Strategic Compass and the Eu’s Maritime Presence’. Brief 16-July 2021. Paris: European Union Institute for Security Studies (ISS). https://www.iss.europa.eu/content/naval-gazing-strategic-compass-and-eus-maritime-presence.
   Google Scholar
• Germond, B., and C. Germond-Duret. 2016. “Ocean Governance and Maritime Security in a Placeful Environment: The Case of the European Union.” Marine Policy 66: 124–131. doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2016.01.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giddens, A. 1991. Modernity and Self-Identity: Self and Society in the Late Modern Age. Cambridge: Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hansen, F. S. 2016. “Russia’s Relations with the West: Ontological Security Through Conflict.” Contemporary Politics 22 (3): 359–375. doi:10.1080/13569775.2016.1201314.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heininen, L., K. Everett, B. Padrtova, and A. Reissell. 2019. ‘Arctic Policies and Strategies — Analysis, Synthesis, and Trends’. Laxenburg: International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA). http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/16175/.
   Google Scholar
• High Representative.2016. ‘Shared Vision, Common Action: A Stronger Europe: A Global Strategy for the European Union’s Foreign and Security Policy’. http://europa.eu/globalstrategy/sites/globalstrategy/files/pages/files/eugs_review_web_13.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Hyde-Price, A. 2008. “A “Tragic Actor”? A Realist Perspective on “Ethical Power Europe”.” International Affairs 84 (1): 29–44. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2346.2008.00687.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kendall-Taylor, A., J. Townsend, N. Lokker, H. Hautala, J. Frey, J. Danoy, R. Pincus, and K. Zysk. 2022. Russia in the Arctic: Gauging How Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine Will Alter Regional Dynamics. Center for a New American Security (CNAS). doi:10.1177/002070201006500415.
   Google Scholar
• Kinnvall, C., and P. Nesbitt-Larking. 2011. The Political Psychology of Globalization: Muslims in the West. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Knecht, S., and K. Keil. 2013. “Arctic Geopolitics Revisited: Spatialising Governance in the Circumpolar North.” The Polar Journal 3 (1): 178–203. doi:10.1080/2154896X.2013.783276.
   Google Scholar
• Kobza, P. 2015. “Civilian Power Europe in the Arctic: How Far Can the European Union Go North?“ EU Diplomacy Paper 01/2015. Bruges: College of Europe. https://www.coleurope.eu/system/files_force/research-paper/edp_2015_1_kobza.pdf?download=1
   Google Scholar
• Koivurova, T. 2009. “A Note on the European Union’s Integrated Maritime Policy.” Ocean Development & International Law 40 (2): 171–183. doi:10.1080/00908320902864904.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koivurova, T., K. Kokko, S. Duyck, N. Sellheim, and A. Stępień. 2012. “The Present and Future Competence of the European Union in the Arctic.” The Polar Record 48 (4): 361–371. doi:10.1017/S0032247411000295.
   Google Scholar
• Kuus, M. 2020. “Regulatory Power and Region-Making in the Arctic: China and the European Union.” European Urban and Regional Studies 27 (4): 1–5. doi:10.1177/0969776420925539.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laing, R. D. 1960. The Divided Self: An Existential Study in Sanity and Madness. London: Penguin Random House.
   Google Scholar
• Laruelle, M. 2012. “Larger, Higher, Farther North … Geographical Metanarratives of the Nation in Russia.” Eurasian Geography and Economics 53 (5): 557–574. doi:10.2747/1539-7216.53.5.557.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lupovici, A. 2012. “Ontological Dissonance, Clashing Identities, and Israel’s Unilateral Steps Towards the Palestinians.” Review of International Studies 38 (4): 809–833. doi:10.1017/S0260210511000222.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manners, I. 2002. “Normative Power Europe: A Contradiction in Terms?” JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies 40 (2): 235–258. doi:10.1111/1468-5965.00353.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitzen, J. 2018. “Anxious Community: EU as (In)security Community.” European Security 27 (3): 393–413. doi:10.1080/09662839.2018.1497985.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moisio, S. 2003. “Back to Baltoscandia? European Union and Geo-Conceptual Remaking of the European North.” Geopolitics 8 (1): 72–100. doi:10.1080/714001004.
   Google Scholar
• Molenaar, E. J., T. Koivurova, E. Tedsen, A. Reid, and K. Hossain. 2014. “Introduction to the Arctic.” In Arctic Marine Governance. Opportunities for Transatlantic Cooperation, edited by E. Tedsen, S. Cavalieri, and R. A. Kraemer, 3–19. Heidelberg: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Moravcsik, A. 2010. “Europe: Rising Superpower in a Bipolar World.” In Rising States, Rising Institutions: Challenges for Global Governance, edited by A. S. Alexandroff and A. F. Cooper, 151–176. Washington, D.C: Brookings Institution Press.
   Google Scholar
• Neumann, A. 2010. ‘The EU – a Relevant Actor in the Field of Climate Change in Respect to the Arctic?’ SWP Working Paper FG 2, 2010/3. Berlin: Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik (SWP). http://www.swp-berlin.org/fileadmin/contents/products/arbeitspapiere/Nma_WP_2010_03_ks.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Official Journal of the European Union. 2008. Consolidated Version of the Treaty On. European Union TEU.
   Google Scholar
• Østhagen, A. 2019. ‘The New Geopolitics of the Arctic: Russia, China and the EU’. Policy Brief April 2019. Wilfried Martens Centre for European Studies. https://martenscentre.eu/publications/new-geopolitics-arctic-russia-china-and-eu.
   Google Scholar
• Østhagen, A. 2021. “The Arctic Security Region: Misconceptions and Contradictions.” Polar Geography 44 (1): 55–74. doi:10.1080/1088937X.2021.1881645.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paul, M. 2022. “‘Arctic Repercussions of Russia’s Invasion’. SWP Comment 2022/C 39.” Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik. SWP. doi:10.18449/2022C39.
   Google Scholar
• Pejsova, E. 2019. ‘The EU as a Maritime Security Provider’. Brief 13-December 2019. Paris: European Union Institute for Security Studies (ISS). https://www.iss.europa.eu/content/eu-maritime-security-provider.
   Google Scholar
• Raik, K., and A. Rácz, edited by. 2019. Post-Crimea Shift in EU-Russia Relations: From Fostering Interdependence to Managing Vulnerabilities. Tallinn: International Centre for Defence and Security. https://icds.ee/en/post-crimea-shift-in-eu-russia-relations-from-fostering-interdependence-to-managing-vulnerabilities/.
   Google Scholar
• Rantanen, M., Y. Alexey, A. L. Karpechko, K. Nordling, O. Hyvärinen, K. Ruosteenoja, T. Vihma, and A. Laaksonen. 2022. “The Arctic Has Warmed Nearly Four Times Faster Than the Globe Since 1979.” Communications Earth & Environment 3 (168): 1–10. doi:10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3.
   Google Scholar
• Raspotnik, A. 2018. The European Union and the Geopolitics of the Arctic. Cheltenham & Northampton: Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Raspotnik, A., and A. Østhagen. 2021. “What About the Arctic? The European Union’s Geopolitical Quest for Northern Space.” Geopolitics 26 (4): 1150–1174. doi:10.1080/14650045.2019.1670643.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raspotnik, A., and A. Østhagen. 2022. ‘The End of an Exceptional History: Re-Thinking the EU-Russia Arctic Relationship’. E-International Relations. 23 March 2022. https://www.e-ir.info/2022/03/23/the-end-of-an-exceptional-history-re-thinking-the-eu-russia-arctic-relationship/.
   Google Scholar
• Raspotnik, A., and A. Stępień. 2020. “The European Union and the Arctic: A Decade into Finding Its Arcticness.” In Handbook on Geopolitics and Security in the Arctic: The High North Between Cooperation and Confrontation, edited by J. Weber, 131–146. Cham: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Raspotnik, A., A. Stępień, and T. Koivurova. 2022. ‘The European Union’s Arctic Policy in the Light of Russia’s War Against Ukraine’. The Arctic Institute. 26 April 2022. https://www.thearcticinstitute.org/european-union-arctic-policy-light-russia-war-against-ukraine/.
   Google Scholar
• Riddervold, M. 2018a. The Maritime Turn in EU Foreign and Security Policies: Aims, Actors and Mechanisms of Integration. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Riddervold, M. 2018b. “A Humanitarian Mission in Line with Human Rights? Assessing Sophia, the Eu’s Naval Response to the Migration Crisis.” European Security 27 (2): 158–174. doi:10.1080/09662839.2018.1451842.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosamond, B. 2014. “Three Ways of Speaking Europe to the World: Markets, Peace, Cosmopolitan Duty and the Eu’s Normative Power.” The British Journal of Politics and International Relations 16 (1): 133–148. doi:10.1111/1467-856X.12013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sala, V. D. 2018. “Narrating Europe: The Eu’s Ontological Security Dilemma.” European Security 27 (3): 266–279. doi:10.1080/09662839.2018.1497978.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sellheim, N. 2016. “The Voice of Disapproval: The Expressive Function and Paradox of the EU Seal Regime.” The Polar Journal 6 (2): 224–242. doi:10.1080/2154896X.2016.1241487.
   Google Scholar
• Sjursen, H. 2008. ‘Integration Without Democracy? Three Conceptions of European Security Policy in Transformation’. ARENA Working Paper No.7. Oslo: ARENA Centre for European Studies. https://www.sv.uio.no/arena/english/research/publications/arena-working-papers/2001-2010/2008/wp08_07.html.
   Google Scholar
• Steele, B. J. 2005. “Ontological Security and the Power of Self-Identity: British Neutrality and the American Civil War.” Review of International Studies 31 (3): 519–540. doi:10.1017/S0260210505006613.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Subotić, J. 2016. “Narrative, Ontological Security, and Foreign Policy Change.” Foreign Policy Analysis 12 (4): 610–627. doi:10.1111/fpa.12089.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Subotić, J., and B. J. Steele. 2018. “Moral Injury in International Relations.” Journal of Global Security Studies 3 (4): 387–401. doi:10.1093/jogss/ogy021.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vries, C. E. D. 2022. “How Foundational Narratives Shape European Union Politics.” Journal of Common Market Studies 1–15. doi:10.1111/jcms.13441.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walt, S. M. 2014. ‘Would You Die for That Country?’ Foreign Policy. 24 March 2014. https://foreignpolicy.com/2014/03/24/would-you-die-for-that-country/.
   Google Scholar
• Wegge, N. 2012. “The EU and the Arctic: European Foreign Policy in the Making.” Arctic Review on Law and Politics 3 (1): 6–29.
   Google Scholar
• Žižek, S. 2022. ‘From Cold War to Hot Peace’. Project Syndicate. 25 March 2022. https://www.project-syndicate.org/onpoint/hot-peace-putins-war-as-clash-of-civilization-by-slavoj-zizek-2022-03.
   Google Scholar